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Analysis of Russian policy on the development of AI in the military
Miliutina, Kseniia ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (referee)
In the near future, the new global technological race will result in the introduction of cutting-edge advancements in the military sphere. All of the world's major countries will be involved in this, because any lag from their competitors increases vulnerability, which will be tough to conceal with conventional weaponry. Furthermore, the advent of new technology may result in significant changes in the armed forces' strategy, planning, and organization. That is why Russia is aggressively pursuing the development of Artificial Intelligence and incorporating it into its military strength in order to preserve its military potential and effectively fulfill its national and foreign policy (FP) goals. The purpose of this research is to provide a complete analysis of the key stages of development and future use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Russia's military strength. At the present, AI is one of the highest priority advanced fields that the Kremlin regards as the primary mechanism for successfully implementing its internal and external strategic goals. Furthermore, the active introduction of such intelligent systems has led to the country becoming an active participant not only in the harvesting field, but also in the international military arena. As for Russia, the development of modern...
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Analysis of Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic Communication During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Voldřich, Adam ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
The Czech Republic was hit by Covid-19 in several waves similarly to what other countries around the world have been experiencing. Crisis and risk communication are essential in such perilous times. In the Czech context risk and emergency communication had several significant properties, there were several Health Ministers that changed during a very short time, communication proved to be ill-prepared and without unified vision and failed to systematically improve. This study uncovers those shortcomings using content analysis of official statements made by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic and effective comparison of each Health Minister against CDC methodology for risk and emergency communication. The technocratic populism enabled the communication to be framed in a quick response manner while bypassing institutionalized channels, which led to the creation of an illusion of somewhat successful risk communication. The most important underlying issue is the lack of unifying concept of risk communication and inconsistency which led to general confusion and increasing distrust in institutions that ultimately hampered the government's efforts in resolving the situation.
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Support for Insurgents as the Tool of the State Foregn Policy
Bahenský, Vojtěch ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Kofroň, Jan (referee)
The primary concern of this thesis is the question, what risks and costs are associated with using support for insurgent groups as an instrument of state foreign policy. It attempts to connect various contemporary concepts and approaches and presents the concept of risks and costs based on existing literature. It offers examples of possible application of such concept, which simultaneously reveal insufficient theoretical understanding of other aspects of support for insurgent movements. These are inappropriately formulated for their use in the study of impacts of the support for insurgents on the supporting state. In conclusion the thesis offers several areas for future research that would help to address these shortages of contemporary literature.
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Political determinants and development of Israel's military strategy
Teissigová, Andrea ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (referee)
Tato bakalářská práce sleduje vliv politické scény Izraele na vývoj izraelské strategie v průběhu historie a konfliktů, kterými si stát Izrael doposud prošel. Nejprve se práce zabývá strategií obecně, definicí války, strategií Izraele a charakteristikou politiky v Izraeli. Dále vznikem Izraele, konflikty a rozebírá vlády Izraele v průběhu konfliktů. Práce je psaná formou případové studie, kdy se na příkladech války o Nezávislost v roce 1948, spoluprací s Francií a Velkou Británií v průběhu Suezské krize, ohromující Šestidenní válce, nečekané Jom Kippurské válce, ale také na válce s Libanonem, která byla odlišná způsobem jednání izraelské vlády a následného postupu izraelských ozbrojených sil, ukáže, jak izraelské vlády vyvíjely svoji strategii vůči nepřátelům a jak byly války vedeny. Vzhledem ke skutečnostem, že vedení válek záleží částečně i na druhu vlády - v případě Izraele levice/pravice, práce rozebere posty premiérů Izraele v době válek a jejich politickou příslušnost a pokusí se dokázat rozdíly mezi levicí a pravicí ve způsobu vedení války. A také nekončící problémy s Hamásem a pásmem Gazy na jihu Izraele. Spojením poznatků z teoretické a analytické části práce zanalyzujeme strategii Izraele, a zda na její vývoj mají vliv vládnoucí strany, pravice nebo levice.
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Hybrid Warfare, Wars, and Threats: A Conceptual Analysis
Bahenský, Vojtěch ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis strives to raise and answer three questions about the concept of hybrid warfare: What concepts of hybrid warfare exist so far? How similar or different are they? How useful are they from conceptual standpoint? The questions are answered by a conceptual analysis consisting of survey of existing concepts, their comparison and detailed evaluation of two of them on the basis of criteria of conceptualization. The answers revealed several important issues of the concept. Firstly, there are too many different concepts of hybrid warfare, often formulated with insufficient care for previous debates and already established concepts. Secondly, the formulated concepts of hybrid warfare are often different to a degree, which calls into question the claim, that all of them are trying to capture the same phenomenon. Lastly, even the better elaborated of the hybrid warfare concepts seem to be rather poorly conceptualized and not very useful. These three answers together cast shadow of doubt on the currently popular concept of hybrid warfare. The results of this work call for more careful thinking on whether and how the use of this concept is helping or hurting both our understanding of contemporary conflicts and our defence efforts against contemporary threats.
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Germany as a civilian power after its engagement in Operation Enduring Freedom
Ristemiová, Linda ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (referee)
The main subject of this thesis is the status of Germany as a civilian power after its engagement in the war against terrorism, most importantly its engagement in the Operation Enduring Freedom. It is based on the theory of civilian power, mainly on the publications of Hanns Maull and other authors, that worked with this theory later. The following empirical analysis describes particular engagement of Germany in Operation Enduring Freedom. Thesis further discusses political discourse, the discussion in the media and process of the approval of German mandate in the operation. The thesis also mentions German engagement in ISAF, as these two operations were happening simultaneously and it can help the reader understand the difference between them, as well as the controversy of Enduring Freedom, which is the main subject of this thesis. Historical context of Germany as a civilian power and its shift from civilian politics in the 90s helps to establish final arguments. As per theoretical and empirical analysis I point out, that Germany definitely shifted itself from civilian politics, however not entirely. I also take into account the fact that international position of Germany changed rapidly compared to previous century. Therefore the shift from civilian politics is natural development.
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Reforms of the ACZ after the NATO accession (comparison with selected armies)
Křikava, Richard ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor's thesis, Reforms of the ACZ after the NATO accession (comparison with selected armies), concerns with development of armies of Czech Republic, Poland and Finland after Cold war. Goals of this thesis are to find out which reforms ACZ undergone after joining NATO, if these reforms are present in other armies, especially in case of Armed forces of Republic of Poland and if membership in NATO decreases combat ability of member armies. Attention will be focused especially on state of armies after joining NATO. The work will analyze the development of military reforms of each army. Based on this analysis, the impact of reforms on armies in question will be evaluated and the combat capabilities of the armies in connection with NATO will be assessed.
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The first and second war in the Gulf: significance of the technological superiority in modern warfare
Zuna, Dominik ; Kofroň, Jan (advisor) ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on role of modern technology in outcome of first and second Gulf war (1991 and 2003 respectively). Thesis is evaluating the role of technological advantage on the battlefield, skill difference between actors, role of air force, air supremacy and psychological and moral factors. Main goal of thesis is to compare the importance of all those factors in relation to the outcome of conflict(s) and review main theoretical approaches that offers explanation of how and why the conflicts ended the way they did. Both war campaings are thoroughly analyzed and compared against each other and confronted with the specific theories. Main discovery is, that the great results were caused by synergistic relation mainly between skill, technology and air support. Special chapter about practical and policy implications for AČR (Army of Czech Republic) is located at the end of thesis.
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An Interplay of Narratives: How Do the Czech Journalists Perceive Securitized Disinformation?
Hroch, Jaroslav ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to contribute to theoretically sound concept of Peace Journalism, which combines theoretical foundations from two spheres: conflict and peace studies and media studies. Influence of journalists as intervening force and explaining factor with regard to (violent) conflict is neglected. However, Peace Journalism is not theoretically strong and builds upon dualistic definition vis-á-vis so-called War Journalism. The concept of Peace Journalism has to overcome this delamination in order to reflect theoretical underpinnings of conflict transformation theory and conflict analysis. Moreover, Peace Journalism has to differentiate media according to an involvement of given societies in a conflict. This offers an opportunity to specifically and accurately analyse news coverage of conflicts. Case studies analysing Czech coverage of Cyprus and Nagorno-Karabakh conflicts illustrates this approach. The coverage is essentially flat, distorts a reality of the conflict, pays attention to visual and physical aspects of the conflict and closes the conflicts in arbitrary time boundaries.
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Russian 'hybrid warfare': 1979-2014
Feryna, Jan ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Kofroň, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with research question of whether so called Russian hybrid warfare is new or not. In the introduction chapter, a structure of this thesis is presented. After the introduction, Western and Russian views on hybrid warfare are discussed and used as a concept. The author assumes that hybrid warfare was used by Russia in Crimea and eastern Ukraine and therefore is this case considered as proven. Above mentioned Russian view on hybrid warfare is operationalized and then applied. There are two main cases which will be examined - Soviet invasion in Afghanistan in 1979 and Russian war with Georgia in 2008. Results chapter comprises of final table which sums up results of the research. In the conclusion chapter, there is a clear answer to the above-mentioned research question.
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