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Aside of Interest Supervised by State. Origins and Transformations of the Former Seigneurial Building in Malešice
Vašek, Jan ; Hojda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee)
The aim of the study was to cast light on history of central edifice of Malešice manor, until now rather unclear. Inevitably, its story has to begin by the description of the initial purpose of construction at the end of the 17th century, followed by later transformations covering up the former role of the building. A closer look at individual periods of the edifice's history needed to be placed in a context and linked with historical events impacting significantly not only the execution of property rights, but also the physical aspect of the building and connected properties. The development showed, at the beginning, usual characteristics of the nobility administration. However, specific relation between new owner, Charles University, secular faculties respectively, and changing state administration bodies developed by the 18 century. State administration managed to execute successfully their strong influence on decisions concerning as the University real estate, as its metamorphoses motivated by the instantaneous decisions guided by financial interests only, without consideration of potential future impact. This document is therefore focused on this exceptional example of early modern-aged nobility administration, responding to the privileged status of the University and suffocated by state...
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The knights of the cross with the red heart (Cyriaci) and their convent in the Old Town of Prague between 1628-1729
Jiřinec, Martin ; Hojda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee)
An extensive historical knowledge of the Cyriac church order is enabled due to a set of mostly Latin archival manuscript books (deposited mainly in the National Library in Prague), accomplished betw. 1740-1770 by the conventual historian, a luminary Joannes C. Rohn whose work methods and sources have been a subject of investigation. The further aim of this paper is to define the order`s involvement in the social and liturgical life in terms of Post-White- Mountain catholic superiority. Prague`s order possessions were restored from Cracovian centre after a long cessation in 1628, and later (till 1783) remained a single Cyriaci convent in Bohemia. These regular canons focused their public activity predominantly on a local spiritual service, carried out up from 1640 also in the adjacent Holy Spirit`s district, and later in a stretch of suburban village area. As well, variably, assisted in a parochial administration throughout the country. Within a few decades the clerics gained confidence of the local, hitherto confessionwise prevalently utraquist parishioners, and a close cooperation was established. While in materially harsh beginnings neighbours` loyalty had to be urged, later, by the vastly instigated public devotion, plentiful private ecclesiastic donations and pro anima mass foundations became a common...
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Jesuits and musical culture in Prague 1556-1623
Kroupa, Jiří ; Daněk, Petr (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee) ; Jeż, Tomasz (referee)
This thesis contributes to our knowledge of the early (modern) Bohemian musical culture by tracing the musical production and activities at the Jesuit Clementinum college in Prague from its foundation in 1556 to the establishment of the autonomous Bohemian Province in 1623. This analysis draws on original Jesuit archival documents (diaria / diaries, memorial books, catalogi personarum / personnel catalogues, litterae annuae / annual letters, historiographical works of the period) and wider primary sources, which the author interprets within broader socio-cultural and historical realms. Authentic testimonies written in Latin that document musical activities in the Clementinum and the relationship of Prague Jesuits with music are included in the footnotes or in appendices. Individual chapters seek to illustrate (illustrare) and assess (recensere) the materials investigated from the following points of view: 1) institutional (Order, College, associated sodalities); 2) environmental acoustics (broader sound production within the spaces of the College and the rest of the city); 3) prosopographical (music prefects of the College and of the Marian Congregation); 4) surviving musical sources; 5) ceremonies with musical components (liturgical and paraliturgical ceremonies, graduations, congregational...
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Picture of Life on Charles Bridge in the 16th and 17th Centuries
Tanzmann, Lubomír ; Zilynskyj, Bohdan (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee)
Nyní je na místě pohovořit o důvodech, které mě vedly k volbě období raného novověku respektive 16. a 17. století. Důvody se vlastně nabízejí samy. Most byl založen v polovině 14. století a tudíž starší období nepřichází v úvahu. 15. století není v pramenech, které jsem měl k dispozici, zastoupeno v dostatečném rozsahu. K období zhruba mezi lety 1500 a 1700 naopak existuje ideální množství dokumentů, pro potřeby této práce, které se dá prostudovat. Navíc je to epocha, která byla nazvána nazval zlatou dobou měst českých, připadala mi tedy nejvhodnější. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Women in the Recatholization of the Czech Lands
Jiřincová, Barbora ; Vlnas, Vít (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee) ; Knoz, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis addresses the topic of women in the process of the recatholization of Bohemia and focuses mainly on the first half of the 17th century. The author investigated if and how much the experience of women differed from that of men. More than the legislation and newly created norms the application of these directions enlightens the topic of women. Rich material connected to the activity of the recatholization commission and other authorities devoted to the conversion of Czech population was used. Sources of statistical character were used for evaluation of the results of the process. Because of their extent, regional restriction had to be made - we focused on Boleslavsko. In the focus of the thesis were mainly townswomen and lower nobility. One of the most important findings is the fact that the authorities saw women as important as men in the process. Although specific, seemingly more moderate, means for coercion were used in women's case. This flexibility is typical for the Catholic church's approach to women and we are in concord with other researchers, mostly from abroad. The findings also contribute to our knowledge of the process of the recatholization of the Czech lands. KEY WORDS Recatholization, Catholic reformation, women's history, gender history, early modern ages, counter-reformation.
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Municipal administration and offices in the Middle Elbe region during the Thirty Years' War
Ďurčanský, Marek ; Hojda, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee)
The operation of municipal offices and municipal administration in general was not a too popular topic in Czech historiography. Even this aspect of the life of Czech towns was strongly influenced by the persecution of Czech estates after the battle on the White Mountain and following processes with the gravity centre in the third decade of the 17th century, as well as by the direct and indirect consequences of military actions. Research in such area can also enrich our knowledge of many aspects of contemporary city life and contribute to a better explanation of such consequential phenomena as emigration and recatholicization. The municipal councils and municipal offices can often be named as nervus rerum in these circumstances. To elaborate the problems of military influences on administration in the times of the Thirty Years' War fully is not possible without more detailed studies about the situation of particular municipal offices. This kind of research would enable us to compare several regions. But there is a lack of such studies. The way out can be found by using proper surveys of the situation of several towns. Such probes would outline basic tendencies and phenomena, or the key questions for the subsequent research, such as: a) the extent and structure of the bodies of municipal administration and...
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Medicine in the Life of Religious Orders during the 17th Century: Example of the Society of Jesus
Černý, Karel ; Říhová, Milada (advisor) ; Novotný, Miroslav (referee) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee)
1 Summary The thesis deals with relation of the medicine and the religious ambient in the 17th century. The original purpose of this study was to describe medical features of everyday life in colleges of the Jesuit order. However during the research I came across several questions that I had to answer in context of the Czech history of medicine, and that is why this text has three main foci. Firstly I have collected and described those features of recent development of foreign medical history, which I consider to be important for my purpose, and which have not been reflected in the medical history so far. Among others socio-constructivist and anthropological approaches to terms like "illness", "health", "healing", "academic medicine" etc. are discussed. With respect to the second part I had also to deal with the issue of retrospective diagnoses and particularly with history of the plague. Secondly, regarding the fact that healing in a Jesuit community was always associated with a strong religious aspects, I had to analyse a problem of miraculous cures and their social and cultural context. Medical history has always been an interdisciplinary field but in this case I had to rely on methods based on humanities rather than on sciences. As a starting point I have used a list of more that 1000 miracles ascribed...
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Women in Reformation
Hanušová, Barbora ; Vlnas, Vít (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee)
Women in Reformation The position of women developed throughout history. Religious reformation, which took place in the early 16th century in the German speaking countries and hundred years earlier in the Czech Kingdom, was one of the movements which changed radically the position of women in the society. First, the religious leaders beginning with Martin Luther changed the clerical view which saw women as incompetent, incomplete and sinful beings into one of respect to the gender and its specifics and to the biological role played by women - motherhood. As a result, women were respected in the society as wives and mothers; nobody wrote preaching about them being danger to men anymore. But with the attack on the monasteries women were deprived of the only way for higher education and independence offered to them in these institutions. The Czech reformation never fully changed its view on marriage. Celibacy and virginity were still considered better ways to salvation then marriage and especially its consummation. In the end both Utraquists and the Unity of Brethren accepted Luther's view on marriage, especially the marriage of priests, but never fully. They tended to see celibacy as the better although for most people impossible way. But the position of women in these branches of Czech reformation was...
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Musical-liturgical life of the Jesuit college at Klatovy in the 18th century
Aschenbrenner, Vít ; Černý, Jaromír (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee) ; Slavický, Tomáš (referee)
The Jesuit College in Klatovy and the adjoining St. Joseph Seminary represented an important phenomenon of the local cultural, religious and musical life of 17th and 18th centuries. By gradual building of the monastery complex Jesuits were a major influence on the town's character and their activities in the field of spiritual and cultural life did not fall behind their architectonic ones. In the town Jesuit religious fraternities were working, the town people could watch the school play performances and, last but not least, took part in numerous religious feasts organized by the order. In all these occasions especially figural music played an important role. The era of the order's activity in the town (16361773) was part of the period in which the order tolerated such music performances, however the contemporary sources show that there was strict differences were made between the repertoir played on purpose of the outer representation of the order and accompaniment of internal divine service. Basic institutional platform of the musical life was St. Joseph Seminary, operating within the college since its very foundation. Although compared to other similar order seminaries elsewhere it did not dispose of large musical endowments, it could supply accomodation, food, clothing and musical tuition to as many as...
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