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Different Mentality as a basis of international conflicts. The case of escalation relations between Russia and the EU in 2008 - 2018.
Kruglikova, Ekaterina ; Cviklová, Lucie (advisor) ; Černý, Karel (referee)
Since 2008 with the Russo-Georgian war we observe the gradual deterioration of relations between Russia and the European Union which achieves its apogee during the Ukrainian crisis and the annexation of Crimea. The cultural approach is to be applied for understanding and exploration of the conflict: its reasons and mechanism. The work is aimed to define conflicting beliefs and values, considering them on a cultural basis. The current escalation of relationships is reviewed as a cultural conflict, the author claims different mentality as one of the influential factors and possible dimensions of conflict analysis. This work also points out internal cultural mechanisms and features provoking aggressive external policy and considers cultural identity as a container of ideas which justify and originate opposition and conflict with other cultures. This work is an attempt to introduce a concept of an individual's mentality, to link personal and group mentality and find out how cultural meaning content influences on formation of a personal mindset - a system of personal beliefs and values. Research part consists of preliminary comparative questionnaire-based survey with 30 respondents, secondary analysis of World Value Survey, and 10 depth interviews based on 3 survey questions, analyzed by means of mental...
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Game theory as a confict and cooperation theory
Horáček, Jaroslav ; Černý, Karel (advisor) ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee)
The main focus of this work is the relation between sociology and mathematics, especially the relation between sociological theories of conflict and cooperation and the game theory. In the work four general theories of conflict (and coopera- tion) are introduced - theory by John Rex, Kenneth Boulding, Louis Kriesberg and František Znebejánek. Each is accompanied by a critical review. Next, the formal game theory is introduced. The main effort is to shed new light on game theoretic concepts known in sociology and introduce some of the less known ones. The text is focused on the main ideas and explanation without mathematical for- malism. Historical relation between sociology and game theory is discussed. Also some topics that are not well handled in game theory from sociological point of view are further elaborated - assumption of rationality, definition of utility and preference, assumption of general knowledge etc. There are also topics from mathematics and informatics slowly penetrating sociology - computer simulation, prediction, that we also discuss. The possible modifications and merit of game theory for sociology is also included. Inspired by the previous theories, at the end of this work a new theoretic model of conflict and cooperation is introduced, which tries to overcome some imperfections of the...
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Running as a phenomenon in modern society from the historical sociology perspective
Gramskopf, Rostislav ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Černý, Karel (referee)
Diploma thesis from sociology of sport maps the basic socio-demographic characteristics of czech runners, with the emphasis on runners between the ages of 30 - 50, which form the most significant part of running segment. Aside from these characteristics it also deals with running habits, preferences, favourite locations for running, motivations and aspirations regarding not only new race events but also its evolving running equipments and last but not least the increase of informal running groups - light communities. The vital part is closer look on history of sociology in regards to sport in the Czech republic, and also as a part of world sociological tradition. It shows that even traditional sociological theories can be applied when some processes in society are scientifically studied. In methodological part the concept of free time is used, as well as a new look on alternative tourism - travelling for running events. As a part of second running wave the concept of light communities is examined, too. Moreover, this work shows the closer look on runners' satisfaction in life in comparison with economically active population in the Czech rep (Nov 2018, CVMM). In terms of quantitative methodology the data are collected (n = 626) via respondent driven sampling approach at various places, e.g. on...
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Politico-geographical analysis of position of the Islamist parties in Egypt and Tunisia
Jelínek, Antonín ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Černý, Karel (referee)
The Islamist movements operate in all the countries of the Middle East and North Africa region. The mother organization, which is also best-known among the movements, is the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, whose ideas spread quickly into other countries in the region. Although the Islamist movements are ideologically different, they have one similar attribute - focus on various social issues as well as the fact that they originally profiled as charity organizations and they have only recently entered the political scene. The main goal of this diploma thesis is to analyze and compare the activities and achievements of the Muslim Brotherhood (The Freedom and Justice party) and The Movement of Islamic Tendency (The Ennadhda party) within the political systems in Egypt and Tunisia. The thesis also aims at verifying explanatory cleavage of Islamist electorate based on the cleavage theory within Egypt and Tunisia. The biggest success of the Islamist movements so far meant the changes after the Arab Spring. Following this event the Islamist movements won the first free parliamentary election in both countries. However, the political activities of the Muslim Brotherhood did not last so long in Egypt - nowadays the movement exists only illegally and it has been in a difficult position. On the contrary, the...
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Civic education in secondary schools during the period of transformation (1989-1995)
Sokolová, Františka ; Marková, Alena (advisor) ; Černý, Karel (referee)
This dissertation concerns changes in the Czech education system in the period from November 1989 to the end of the year of 1995. Particular emphasis is placed on the subject of Basics of Social Sciences, called Civic Education before 1990, in secondary school. My work is dissertation in based on research of primary resources - textbooks, curricula, magazines and other resources, which give insight into the transformation of the aforementioned secondary school subject. Liberalization was typical for the phase of transformation also in education. It resulted in a diversity of schools and possibilities they could offer to students. The goal of my research was to understand whether this diversity was visible in the school subject that has been newly established as the Basics of Social Sciences. Civic Education of the communist era was influenced by state ideology and the state attempted to use its means to reproduce the political and ideological ideas. The newly established secondary school subject rejected any politicaly influenced theories and focused on introducing basics of sciences such as sociology, psychology, politology, economy or philosophy. By the means of comparison, my research brings an insight on textbooks of the era of transformation in years 1989-1995 and proves the diversity could be...
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Exchange of views presented on Facebook - discussions and its actors
Pešek, Pavel ; Vávra, Martin (advisor) ; Černý, Karel (referee)
The thesis "Exchange of views presented on Facebook - discussions and its actors" deals with discussion threads on Facebook. In theoretical part the author aims to look at Facebook as a separate internet medium that requires an active interaction from its users. He deals with Marshall McLuhan's and Erving Goffman's theory and aims to work with the evolution of the social network. In practical part the author focuses on the Facebook discussion threads itself and on its actors. To cope with his research problem, he uses two qualitative methods, discourse analysis of Facebook's discussion threads and semi- structured interviews. He tries to distinguish whether there are any interaction patterns, discourse terminology used by debaters within the discussion threads and he also aims to describe Facebook discussion threads from overall perspective. In semi-structured interviews the main goal is to reveal a motivation to present an opinion online.
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Intergenerational effects on the formation of reading in an international comparison
Stiborová, Kateřina ; Šafr, Jiří (advisor) ; Černý, Karel (referee)
5 ABSTRACT This diploma thesis deals with the topic of reading. In the process of examining the development of an individual for reading, it is necessary to take into account the effects of primary socialization taking place in the family environment. The aim of the diploma thesis is to find out how is readership affected by the family environment and how is passed between generations (intergenerational transmission). It is also a goal to find out whether and how readership vary across selected European countries (including Czech Republic) in relation to these factors. The effect of the family environment on adult reading is studied through parent education and aspects of the so-called pro-reader climate. The pro-reader climate in the family helps communicate a person's relationship to books and reading in his early childhood and affects his future life. A family environment that supports reading habits is reflected in childhood through parent-child interaction (reading, communicating about the content being read), the availability of books at home, and the reading of parents that provide a background for reading. The existence of a relationship between reading and family environment in the intergenerational and internationally comparative perspective is examined through secondary analysis of two...
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