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The effects of opioid ligands on their receptors in model cells (e.g. lymphocytes, neural cells, cell lines)
Cechová, Kristína ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor) ; Sýkora, Jan (referee) ; Jakubík, Jan (referee)
Morphine and other opioids are powerful drugs used for pain relief, but their clinical use has limitations as prolonged treatment leads to tolerance and addiction. Opioids bind to opioid receptors, and besides pain, they regulate mood and stress. Even though the primary role of opioids and opioid receptors is in the central nervous system, they also affect the immune system. The mechanisms of how they affect the immune system, but also the mechanisms of tolerance and addiction build-out, are not fully understood. These processes may be demonstrated as changes in the opioid receptor expression level, alteration in their function or oligomeric state. The dimerization of opioid receptors is a controversial topic in literature with many contradictory results. In this work, changes in the protein level of opioid receptors in the rat forebrain cortex were not observed after morphine treatment. However, a specific increase in the amount of µ- opioid receptors was determined in rat lymphocytes, using flow cytometry. In other studies, an increased mRNA level of the µ-opioid receptor was connected with immunosuppression. The increased µ-opioid receptor protein level indicates a similar effect. The overall effect of morphine on the protein composition of lymphocytes was determined by proteomic analysis. The...
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Způsoby financování neziskové organizace: případová studie TK Stabil
Čechová, Karolína
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate methods of financing on selected voluntary organization TK Stabil. Within the literature review ways of financing that non-profit organizations can use to obtain funds are mapped. The practical part is based on analysis of internal and external environment to propose recommen-dations for a new way of funding the association. Above all I focused on gaining the grant program, which is an important and crucial way of funding for many non-profit organizations.
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Vyhodnocení kvality restauračních zařízení v Brně
Čechová, Karolína
Čechová, K. Quality evaluation of restaurant facilities in Brno. Diploma thesis. Brno: Mendel University, 2019. This diploma thesis aims to evaluate the quality of services provided by restaurants in Brno. The subject of the research is ten selected restaurants, which are also subject to financial analysis. Primary research deals with questionnaire survey of satisfaction of direct customers of selected restaurants. From the collected information is formulated recommendations to improve the quality of selected restaurants as well as to improve the overall level of restaurant facilities in Brno.
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Life management of power oil transformer
Čechová, Karolína ; Froehling, Kenneth (referee) ; Sedláček, Pavel (advisor)
Pro pochopení významu procesu řízení životnosti výkonových olejových transformátorů, je nutné si nejdříve uvědomit jejich roli v elektrizační soustavě. Používají se především ke zvýšení a snížení napěťových úrovní v přenosové a distribuční soustavě dle aktuálních potřeb. Nespolehlivost výkonových olejových transformátorů může způsobit narušení stability dodávky elektrické energie, což představuje značné finanční a technické ztráty pro společnosti, které spravují tento typ zařízení. Z tohoto důvodu jsem se rozhodla napsat práci, která poskytuje přehled o procesu řízení životnosti, popsáním jeho ekonomických přínosů spolu s technickými diagnostikami, které napomáhají ke zjištění vznikajících poruch během provozu výkonových olejových transformátorů. Hlavním záměrem této práce je popsat a dokázat důležitost procesu řízení životnosti a využití diagnostických metod ke sledování parametrů transformátoru, které slouží jako prostředek ke zjištění možných poruch. Praktická část je zaměřena na navržení vhodných diagnostickým metod pro měření zvolených parametrů vybraného výkonového olejového transformátoru. Poté je provedena analýza zvolených parametrů a na základě jejích výsledků, je určen celkový stav vybraného výkonového olejového transformátoru.
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Transformace centrálních nádraží: Záznam komplexní znalosti
Čechová, Kateřina
Large scale urban regeneration projects of central railway stations are considered to be extremely complex. The description and analysis of such projects and the formation of their complexity is becoming difficult as knowledge becomes fragmented among various professionals and “lost” in the course of a decades-long process. Nevertheless, this knowledge is essential for keeping track of the project over long periods of times and might prove useful when such a project is encountered for the first time in any given environment. Such is the case with Prague and Brno railway stations’ regeneration projects, that might draw inspiration from similar projects currently being undertaken in London (King’s Cross) and Vienna (Hauptbahnhof).
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Genetic risk factors of Alzheimer's disease
Foltýnová, Alice ; Telenský, Petr (advisor) ; Čechová, Kateřina (referee)
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that mostly affects the elderly population and since our lifespan increases, Alzheimer's disease is one of the most serious diseases of the 21st century. There are two types of Alzheimer's disease, namely familial (FAD) and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD) that differ in the age of onset and contribution of the genetic factors - the familial form is genetically predisposed whereas the genes involved in the sporadic form are perceived as risk factors. However, their clinical manifestation is similar. Alzheimer's disease causes dementia that is characterized by memory loss and a steady decline in the early stages. Unfortunately, there are still many discrepancies regarding Alzheimer's disease and there are multiple approaches in research concerning Alzheimer's disease. One of the possible approaches in finding new mechanisms involved in Alzheimer's disease is in genetics - we can findnew genetic loci involved in this disease and investigate new mechanisms via studying newly identified genes. Key words: sporadic form of AD, familiar form of AD, beta amyloid, apolipoprotein E, amyloid precursor protein, presenilin, genome wide association study
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The role of aging and stress in autophagy
Čechová, Kateřina ; Vrajová, Monika (advisor) ; Valeš, Karel (referee)
Autophagy is a nonspecific catabolic mechanism, important for maintaining the cellular homeostasis. Stress condition can increase the activity and support the cell survival. It is well known that normal and pathological aging are associated with a reduced autophagic potential and that experimental induction of autophagy leads to higher longevity of certain model organisms. This decreasing may be facilitated by other factors, such as chronic stress. Higher age and chronic stress are two factors contributing to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, in this context the mechanism of autophagy is now actively studied. We wanted to know if and how the combination of these two factors may influence the activity of autophagy. In our study, we investigated the role of aging and chronic stress, induced by social isolation in Wistar rats at the age of 6 (N= 16) and 12 (N= 16) months. The animals in experimental groups were separated in the individual cages for 4 weeks. Control groups animals were housed in the pair. We measured the markers of autophagy expression (Beclin-1, LC3-II, mTOR) in the hippocampus and striatum of socially isolated and control groups animals. We measured the expression of NMDA receptor subunits (NR1, NR2A, NR2B) in the hippocampus of the same animals. Our results showed that older...
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Satisfaction of I. ČLTK Praha competitive players with club services
Čechová, Karolína ; Janák, Vladimír (advisor) ; Ruda, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Satisfaction of I. ČLTK Praha competitive players with club services Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis is evaluation of I. ČLTK competitive players satisfaction with club services. Then were proposed recommendations that should lead to services optimization and higher satisfaction of competitive players. Results will be presented to club management. Methods: In this research were used interviews with club management, coaches and players and then primary method of data collecting - written questionnaire. The final version of questionnaire was made after many editing, consultations and questionnaire testing especially for environment of this tennis club. Results: Results of research are presented in analytic part of this thesis in classification crosses, graphs and charts. Based on acquired data and interviews with players were proposed recommendations for I. CLTK Praha management, that should lead to quality improvement of provided services and also to higher satisfaction of I. CLTK Praha competitive players. Keywords: tennis, sport service, customer, quality, research
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Criminals on the field: a study of college football
Janhuba, Radek ; Čechová, K.
Economists have found mixed evidence on what happens when the number of police increases. On the one hand, more law enforcers means a higher probability of detecting a crime, which is known as the monitoring effect. On the other hand, criminals incorporate the increase into their decision-making process and thus may commit fewer crimes, constituting the deterrence effect. This study analyzes the effects of an increase in the number of on-field college football officials, taking players\nas potential criminals and officials as law enforcers. Analyzing a novel play by play dataset from two seasons of college football, we report evidence of a monitoring effect being present in the overall dataset. This effect is mainly driven by offensive penalties which are called in the area of jurisdiction of the added official. Decomposition of the effect provides evidence of the presence of the deterrence effect in cases of penalties with severe punishment or those committed by teams with moderate to high ability, suggesting that teams are able to strategically adapt their behavior following the addition of an official.
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