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The Fetish of the Oldest Sound. Science, politics, and the fascination with the beginnings of sound recordings
Kratochvíl, Matěj
The invention of the phonograph in the late 19th century started an obsession with the recorded sound as a document of history. As such it became an important part of the human need to create stories from archival materials and to see them as parts of objective truth, a direct connection with the past. With the growing accessibility of historical audio documents, we need to look critically at these sources and at the possibility to take them as a trace leading to the beginning of a particular part of music history. The present paper shows in which ways we can see the phenomenon of sound recording truly as the beginning of something new and in which cases such an impression can be misleading. Unconsciously or with a political or other intent, recordings can present music in a very different, sometimes distorted form. With special focus on traditional music, the author attempts to formulate some general ideas that should be kept in mind when dealing with historical recordings so that we do not become too fascinated with the “past speaking directly to us”.
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Analytické portály, jejich role v chodu podniku a kritéria pro jejich tvorbu a provoz
Bartoš, Petr ; Ing. Ota Novotný, Ph.D. (advisor) ; doc. Ing. Jan Pour, CSc. (referee)
The dominant trend of the current corporate information systems is undoubtedly a growing emphasis on information and their quality. But quality is not the only crucial factor. No less important is speed and flexibility of information acquisition. Due to a dynamic environment in which today's corporation must survive, even the high-quality information are very quickly getting older, lose their value and reduce the competitive advantage the company which manages them. This thesis deals with the analytical portals, which significantly improve work with information and are used largely in modern enterprises. The work consists of two main parts, theoretical and practical. Theoretical part tries to explain what exactly the term “analytical portal” means and what is the role of analytical portal in reference to the company management procedures and existing information systems. In addition to this introduction, theoretical part also contains instructions on how to evaluate the analytical portals. This guidance includes both the various aspects of which you can evaluate the portal and the proposal of possible way of processing results, so they could be used for an objective comparison of more competing products. The practical part contains a practical example of evaluation of specific product. This evaluation is based on the basis of the use of specific tool for creating analytical portal as the implementation of demonstration example, as well as the use of theoretical background as defined in the previous secton. i In addition to a general introduction to the problems of analytical portals, work may also serve as a basis for the creation of a specific methodology for evaluating different products on the market.
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Speech quality objective methods
Kovařík, Jiří ; Balík, Miroslav (referee) ; Sysel, Petr (advisor)
In terms of the bachelor´s thesis was created a computer programme for the quality speech estimation. This programme was created in the MATLAB programming language using GUI programing environment. Through the use of created programme was processed group of records disturbed by various noises from the real environment. As a speech quality objective methods was chosen classical SNR, Segmental SNR, PESQ, Itakura distance, Itakura – Saito distance For this programme were created service instructions. In this work are these speech quality objective methods described furthermore the process of the human voice creation, speech modeling and a linear predictive coding.
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I know when I see it 2005: basic subjective and objecive factors affecting the perception of sexually explicit materials
Chochola, Martin ; Weiss, Petr (advisor) ; Zvěřina, Jaroslav (referee) ; Uzel, Radim (referee)
K DISERTAČNÍ PRÁCI Mgr. Martin Chochola PSAV2005 : Základní subjektivní a objektivní faktory ovlivňující vnímání sexuálně explicitních materiálů 2010 AABBSSTTRRAACCTT The study "I know when I see it: basic subjective and objective factors affecting the perception of sexually explicit materials" conserns the curent issue of perception of the existence, presentation and distribution of visual and audiovisual sexually explicit materials in the Czech Republic. In the theoretical part, the psychological significance of these materials and understanding thereof is being reviewed, in the context of society alignment, politics, technology development, religion, law, sociology and psychology. The empirical part is, by means of a mapping research, focused on those basic subjective and objective factors, that affecting directly our perception of sexually explicit materials, and represents four of these factors, that are affecting demonstrably. It is the factor of socio-demographic characteristics of the consumer, his attitudes toward sexually explicit materials, sexually explicit content of specific materials and finally forms of their presentation and distribution. Moreover, the study outlines the ...
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ANCA-Associated Vasculitides : Complex Diagnostic Approach
Hrušková, Zdenka ; Posová, Helena (advisor) ; Stříž, Ilja (referee) ; Žák, Aleš (referee)
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess cellular immunity parameters in patients with ANCA (Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibodies)-associated vasculitides (AAV) at different stages of the disease, with different treatment modalities, and with respect to the long-term prognosis of the patients. Methods: We examined 69 patients with AAV, 30 healthy individuals and 20 patients with chronic kidney disease. Using flow cytometry, the following markers were assessed in peripheral blood cells: surface molecules (CD4, CD8, CD3, CD19, CD80, CD86, HLA-DR, CD28, CXCR3, CCR5, CD30 and CRTH2) and intracellular cytokines (interferon gamma (IFN), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4 in CD3+ T cells and IL-10 and IL-12 in monocytes). Results: Patients with AAV had decreased total number of lymphocytes, CD4+ cells, and CD4+CD45RA+ cells compared to healthy controls (p<0.001). Active patients had increased CD30 and CRTH2 expression (p<0.05). Increased CCR5 expression persisted in remission. Increased HLA-DR expression, expansion of CD28 subpopulation and increased IFN production were noted in remission but not in active disease. Patients in remission who developed a relapse during follow-up had significantly lower IL-10 production than those without relapse (p<0.01). Conclusions: Taken...
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Minority group children and their activities in Salesian Centres in Teplice and České Budějovice
BÁRTOVÁ, Martina
In our free time, we pursue activities where we experience delight, pleasure, entertainment and relaxation. The choice is based on our free will. The key functions of leisure time are psychological, social, therapeutic and economic. What is specific about leisure time of children and youth is that pedagogues can encourage them. Leisure time is at the same time a risk factor. The ever increasing number of drug and gambling machine addicted young people shows the potential serious consequences of neglect of leisure-time pedagogical encouragement. Salesian Youth Centres provide a great opportunity for pedagogues to encourage minority group children (especially Roma children in the Czech Republic) in their leisure-time. The idea behind the centres is to offer leisure-time activities for such {\clqq}different`` young people looking for different forms of activities, respecting their social structure, i.e. a natural team in which they unite, and offering them an environment where they can socialise in a friendly atmosphere and feel free. Despite their continuously increasing number, the Roma population is a minority showing considerable differences from other nations and nationalities. They are different in terms of race and their ethnic attributes, they live in considerable poverty and have a completely different lifestyle. The objective of my Baccalaureate thesis is to find out what conditions Salesian Youth Centres in Teplice and České Budějovice create for purposeful opportunities for leisure-time activities for minority group children, whether the offer is sufficient and how the mentality of this ethnic group is taken into account. I also wanted to find out what activities are prioritised by the children and why. I have developed 3 assumptions, where no. 1 is: {\clqq}Most of the activities are affected by the mentality of the clients who take part in developing the programme``, assumption no. 2: {\clqq}Minority group children are more active in integrating into occasional and spontaneous interest activities rather than regular interest activities``, and assumption no. 3: {\clqq}Minority group children integrate mostly into interest, cultural and sports activities. They rarely integrate into natural science and craftsmanship.`` A quantitative method of inquiry was applied to collect the required data on the specific topics. I chose 2 techniques, i.e. an inquiry focusing on minority group children and a controlled interview with leisure-time pedagogues. To confirm or disprove the assumptions, I had to evaluate all the inquiry questions and those in the controlled interview. My research has confirmed assumption No. 1 and 3, and disproves assumption no.2.
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The importance of myofeedback rehabilitation in faecal incontinence
Černovská, Markéta ; Nováková, Tereza (advisor) ; Neuwirthová, Svatava (referee)
Title: The importance of myofeedback rehabilitation in faecal incontinence Introduction: Faecal incontinence is a serious symptom significantly worsening quality of life. Following results of international studies myofeedback has been considered an effective option of conservative treatment of this disease. Despite that it has so far been used at just a few centres in the Czech Republic. Purpose: The main purpose of this thesis was to assess the relevance of myofeedback as part of recovery therapy. Other objectives included assessment of use of a vaginal electrode instead of an anal one and comparison of the result correlations between examination by anal manometry, surface EMG and subjective improvement of continence for the patients. Methods: The research project included 8 females. The objective method of assessment of effects of the treatment involved examination of pelvis bottom muscles with the help of anorectal manometry and surface EMG. Success of the therapy was evaluated through the St Marks incontinence score and by the test population themselves filling out a quality of life questionnaire. Results: In the course of three-month recovery most patients experienced improvement of subjective as well as objective parameters. The results of the study are comparable to results of international...
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The Effect of Emotions in the Workplace
Peřinková, Žaneta ; Hiršová, Miloslava (advisor) ; Míková, Irena (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of emotional characteristics of employees in a particular company and their relations to the atmosphere in the company. The main objective of the thesis is to find out whether the emotional characteristics of employees influence the overall atmosphere in their workplaces. The thesis is divided into two parts; the first part focuses on the general and theoretical roots linked to the atmosphere in the workplace and appearing emotions influencing social atmosphere. Further, it deals with the quality of group atmosphere and examines the impact of emotions in focus with regard to particular workplace. The second part of thesis elaborates the data of the company. In this practical part each dimension of the group atmosphere of the company and the emotional characteristics of employees are described.
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The influence on postoperative analgesia by preemptive analgesia
Fricová, Jitka ; Stříteský, Martin (advisor) ; Štípek, Stanislav (referee) ; Kršiak, Miloslav (referee)
The aim of our study was to assess the changes of free radicals and other biochemical parameters after nociceptive stimulation in different experimental animal models. In patiens we detected whether preemptive analgesia had a positive effect on acute postoperative pain. Objective evaluation of pain intensity is a long-term problem because the objectification of using electrophysiological and imaging methods is currently difficult and expensive, and therefore in laboratories in the Czech Republic and many other places are used the evaluation by means biochemical methods. We implemented large experimental studies using mechanical, inflammatory and visceral nociception and we found out in particular that nitroxid and hydroxyl free radicals and singlet oxygen increased significantly after nociceptive stimulation. This increase can be suppressed by antioxidants. At the same time, we showed that some parameters of metabolism lipids, carbohydrates and proteins have also been changed. In particular, we measured the free hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen by EPR method in the tail of living and anesthetized rats. This method is absolutely a priority and has never been used before. Earlier experimental results were partially clinically verified using different types of acute and chronic pain in humans...
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Objektivní porovnání účinnosti jednokanálových metod potlačení šumu
Koula, Ivan ; Heralt, J.
The contribution tries to evaluate objectively the efficiency of most widely used one-channel noise cancellation methods for a speech record. In this contribution three basic one-channel methods are compared (spectral thresholding, spectral subtraction and RASTA algorithm). The efficiency of designated methods is evaluated by percentage hit rate of isolated words recognition. This test enables an objective evaluation of methods with regard to the intelligibility.
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