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Effect of seed tuber size on yield structure in potatoes
CHUCHEL, Jan
The thesis examined the effect of seed tuber size on the structure of the potato yield. In the one year trial ( 2011) four varieties were applied (Velox, Marabel, Adela, Laura) have been grown in the conventional system. The size of seed tubers were divided into three size fractions: A < 35 mm, B 35 to 60 mm and C > 60 mm. Number of plants per area and number of stems per plant were observed during the vegetation period. The number of tubers per stem and average weight per tuber were determined after harvest. Furthermore was also found total and market yield of tubers. The size of seed tubers most significantly influenced the number of stems per plant (of 93.9%) and the number of tubers per stem (of 80.5%). The resulting parameter values were highly influenced by the course of weather in 2011.
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Populační dynamika drobných savců v závislosti na potravní nabídce
Křípalová, Žaneta
The aim of this dissertation work was the study of the population dynamics of the yel-low -- necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) and the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) depending on the crop of oak seeds during the five-year period from 2008 do 2012. The research of small terrestrial mammals was carried out in three forest complexes different in food supply in an intesinvely cultivated landscape of southern Moravia. In was an old semi-natural floodplain forest with the dominance of oak (locality Horní les 3 km a long way from the municipality of Lednice), further an productive deciduou forest with the dominance of oak and acacia (locality Hájek nearby township Vranovice) and a pheasantry with a variety of forest types formed with various species of roe deer (lo-cality Rumunská bažantnice 25 km southeast of Brno). Small mammals were caught in these areas at regular intervals to the classical mouse-hunting collapsible traps laid in lines. In total for the period were caught 1943 small mammals in eight species. There was trapped the total number of 1943 small mammals in eight species. Among the most mundant species (Apodemus flavicollis and Clethrionomys glareo-lus) there was also detected a signifiant impal seed year on the body weight of the stud-ied animals. In 2009 and in 2011 their body size was smaller even though there was a high crop of seeds of woody plants. The mason was that the crop was as late as in the autumn and so the rodents didn't have enough time to utilit the food supplies suffi-ciently that year. The relative is that to harvest occurred as late as in the fall and rodents so missed this year's food supply enough to be used. Abundance significantly varied among the localities. There was found out the tendency to prefer the most variable bi-otop in Rumunská bažantnice. The small mammals responded to the high crop of seeds in the autumn of 2009 and 2011, population growth in follows, therefore,in 2010 and 2012. Great crop of acorns may lead to a sharp increase in population, which can then cause damage to the natural regeneration of oak or artificial regeneration of the sowing.
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Prehistory and history of human impact on landscape relief: And overview of current directions in the study and the importance of case studies
BUMERL, Jiří
Humans became an important factor in the development of Holocene relief. They began to significantly influence a plant cover and retention of the landscape with the advent of agriculture. The consequences of deforestation and an economic land use on erosion and accumulation processes are evaluated by comparing case studies from areas of Germany, Czech Republic and Poland. The main erosive processes belong to the end of Eneolithic, Late Bronze Age, the end of the Roman Period, and early Middle Ages in the area of interest. On a microscale, a stronger influence of archaeological situations arisen before the start of the erosion events and a substantial reduction of artefacts stored in situ can be expected.
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Commenius', Locke's and Rousseau's Image of Child
Šístek, Martin ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Krámský, David (referee)
The seeds to the contemporary understanding of a child as a unique human being that deserves the highest degree of protection and care, were planted in the 17th and 18th century. The writings of the philosophers J.A.Comenius, John Locke and J.J. Rousseau have significantly contributed to this modern-era "turn toward the child". Using the background of individual scholars' opinions and ideas, the author is studying or noticing in what each of the thinkers sees the basis of uniqueness and irreplaceability of childhood.
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Mesophyll CO2 conductance in consequence with the leaf anatomy and environmental factors.
Malcová, Kateřina ; Lhotáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Nátr, Lubomír (referee)
The CO2 diffusion pathway from the atmosphere surrounding the leaf to the chloroplast stroma is composed of several parts, where each part poses certain resistance to the CO2 flux. The CO2 diffusion from the sub-stomatal cavities to the stroma is limited due to mesophyll conductance (gm), which includes CO2 movement in gas, liquid and lipid phases. The mesophyll conductance is influenced by factors that are both internal (e.g. leaf anatomy and leaf age) and external (e.g. irradiance, temperature). Internal factors exhibit rather long-term responses of gm, while external factors are involved in short-term changes. For these rapid changes are probably responsible aquaporins. gm significantly influences the rate of net photosynthesis, almost in the same range as a stomatal conductance does. The limitation of photosynthesis given by mesophyll conductance is not fixed and varies among species and plant functional groups. Due to continual increase of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, variability in gm can lead to enhanced competitive potencial of some plant species.
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Methods of Controlling Perennial Weeds on Arable Land
NOVOTNÝ, Václav
Perennial weeds are characterized by the ability to resist or adept to the used regulation measures from measures done on a stubble field after a harvest to the use of herbicides before a harvest. As both the character of the plants and the used agrotechnical measures influence the occurrence of weeds significantly, the issue of occurrence of weeds on arable land remains crucial. This Bachelor thesis is focused on the occurrence and harmful effects of chosen perennial weeds, i.e. Couch grass, Creeping Thistle and Broad leaved dock, in a chosen area. The above named weeds, their occurrence in spring barley variety Bojos and the effect of herbicides on the weeds were studied by means of an experiment in a chosen small area of land. The aim of the thesis is to summarize and broaden knowledge about the utilization of different methods of regulation of perennial weeds on arable land and to provide recommendation on measures and methods to be used in agriculture.
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The intilization of waste heat from biogas plants
ZAJÍC, Pavel
?Utilization of waste heat from biogas stations? The thesis is focused on problems of utilization of waste heat which is created during combustion of biogas in cogeneration units. The utilization of residual heat enables to significantly increase the energetic efficiency of existing and newly built biogas stations. There is the description of the biogas station in Třebon and the technical and economic analysis of solutions to the physical separation of production and utilization of biogas in the place of heat consumption. This case, where the produced biogas is transported by a gas pipeline to the newly built space for heat consumption, is one of the prospective solutions how to use the available heat from biogas stations.
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Vliv naftochinnonů a jejich derivátů na rostlinný organismus
Kopřiva, Vladimír
Naphthoqinones are one of groups of secondary metabolites widespread in nature. The most important higher plant families containing naphthoqinones are Bignoniaceae, Boraginaceae, Droseraceae, Ebenaceae, Juglandaceae, Nepenthaceae and Plumbaginaceae. Naphthoquinones are also products of secondary metabolism of some fungi, lichens and algae. Many investigators have interested in these compounds because of their broadrange biological activities; antibacterial, fungicidal, antiparasitic and insecticidal. In this work, we studied the effects of juglon on hydroponically grown seedlings of L.). Flax plants were exposed to solutions with various concentrations of juglon and the growth and development of pea (Pissum sativum) plants were analyzed. The results showed that juglon significantly affect the morphology and physiology of the pea (Pissum sativum) plants. Moreover, the production of ethylene was increased due to stress conditions.
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Vliv osmotického stresu na růst rostlin bramboru v in vitro podmínkách
Franek, Ondřej
Osmotic stress influences productivity and crop yield of plants significantly. This bachelor thesis is a literature review summarizing the acclimation of plants under osmotic stress and tolerance of plants to osmotic stress, observes issues of abscisic acid in the relation to osmotic stress and other markers as osmoprotectants and dehydrins. Screening experiment in vitro culture of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in agar stiffened media containing stressors as sodium chloride, sucrose and polyethylene glycol was carried. Plant growth parameters such as solids content and length of roots was observed. RIA method was used to determine the content of abscisic acid in plant leaves influenced by stressors.
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