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Effect of water deficit on the energy content of individual plant organs in selected species of leafy vegetables
Šimůnková, Petra ; Hnilička, František (advisor) ; Česká, Jana (referee)
This work presents the impact of water deficit on dry mass production and photosynthetic accumulation of energy on every single plant´s organs of selected plant species. As a chosen experimental material were taken plants of Spinacea oleracea "Matador" sort and Tetragonia tetragonioides.
Spinacea oleracea and Tetragonia tetragonioides plants were grown in containers 11x11cm large in mixture of garden substrate A with silicon sand (2:1) in 2 variations placed in FAPPZ greenhouses. One variation was for control and second was exposed to stress reaction. Control variation had been watered for whole time of experiment with 50ml of water 2 times per week. Stressed one had been watered after puncturing and 6. taking until the end of experiment.
During the plant´s ontogenetic evolution had been monitored dry mass´s weight on singular plant´s organs. With usage of burnt calorimetry method had been monitored capacity of photosynteticaly accumulated energy in dry mass. Quantity of netto energy had been found out by dry burning adiabatic calorimeter LAGEST MS 10A.
From the gained results emerge, that plants of Tetragonia tetragonioides have 2 times higher weight growth apart from Spinacea oleracea. Control plants of Tetragonia tetragonioides have higher weight by 25,5% (123 mg) compared to the plants growing in water deficit. Likewise higher weight of roots had been observed on control plants (41 mg) compared to the stressed plants (40 g). Control spinach plants had higher weight of above-ground biomass by 19,5% compared to the stressed ones (43 mg). Roots of control plants had lower weight compared to stressed variant by 2960 mg.
From the results emerge, that plants of Tetragonia tetragonioides have higher weight of roots dry mass and above-ground biomass compared to the Spinacea oleracea plants.
Burning heat without ashes was on above-ground biomass of control plants Tetragonia tetragonioide on 15,96 kJ.g-1 level and on stressed plants 14,93 kJ.g-1 . In case of Spinacea oleracea plants was amount of control plants energy 14,98 kJ.g-1 and on stressed 14,21 kJ.g-1.
Burnt heat without root ashes of Tetragonia tetragonioides control plants was higher by 1.11 kJ.g-1 then on stressed ones (13,19 kJ.g-1). In case of Spinacea oleracea plants was amount of roots energy on control plants 11,90 kJ.g-1 and on stressed 11,72 kJ.g-1 .
Based on measurement were verified differences between species in reaction on water deficit and observed characteristic. From measuring emerged, that Spinacea oleracea plants are more sensitive on effect of water deficit compared to the Tetragonia tetragonioides
plants, which is more tolerant. Next thing observed is, that there are differences in amount of dry mass and rate of burnt heat in relation on effect of water deficit.
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Effect of sex on growth and formation of dorsal muscle of pigs
Fáberová, Gabriela ; Čítek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Zadinová, Kateřina (referee)
Effect of sex on growth and formation of dorsal muscule of pigs Summary The aim of this thesis is to determine the influence of gender on the growth and formation of the pigs dorsal muscle. Growth is one of the basic phenomenon characterizing living organism. Is a creation of nonliving to living matter. The amount of body mass is not constant through the life, it is changing significantly. In the early postnatal period is skeleton growing faster compared to muscles and fat then leads to faster growth of muscle and in the last period called maturity to the fattening. Evaluating growth has a significant gender effect. In case of pigs, it is common to feed barrows and gilts. Nowadays it begins to think about feeding of boars or the imunocastrates. Due to different hormonal activities we can expect different muscle and fat deposition. The task of this study was to clarify the influence of gender on the formation and growth of pigs dorsal muscle. There were 72 pigs tested in total. Pigs were housed in pairs in cotes and divided by gender for pigs, boars, imunocastrates and sows. This subpopulation of genotype DanBred animals were divided to 1/4 (18ks) uncastrated male pigs (K) 1/4 (18ks) hormonally castrated male pigs (I), 1/4 (18ks) barrows (V) and 1/4 (18ks ) gilts (P). Average live weight of pigs at the start of the trial was 28.5 kg, while the test was conducted to average 107 kg bodyweight. Through all time pigs were fed ad-libitum KKS. During the test it was monitored at weekly intervals individual live weight, back fat thickness at A, B, muscle depth at A, B and the total percentage of muscle for all categories of pigs. The obtained results show that the growth and formation of a long dorsal muscle are influenced by gender. When comparing the weight in a given period, we conclude that during the time the difference between gilts and imunocastrates grow up. Best growth had imunocastrates gilts similarly, only was there an earlier stop of the growth. The highest increase in fat and muscle measured at the A and B, occurred in pigs, in sows we can see increasing gains in fat with respect to the period in which they are fattening. Boars had the lowest backfat thickness, imunocastrates. With imunocastrates we evaluate low fat increase compared to the beginning of the observation. The biggest muscle depth measured at A and B had the barrows with gilts and imunocastrates and especially boars did not reach the values as barrows and gilts, who had the highest muscle depth. Biggest % of muscle was measured in sows. A large proportion of muscle can be seen in male pigs. The proportion of muscle mass of imunocastrates was under the average and worst ratio of muscle had especially at the end of feeding barrows indicating that with increasing age there is a significant fattening, compared to the remaining groups of pigs Keywords: pig, growth rate, muscle fibers
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The Strategic Development of the Company VKS Pohledští Dvořái a.s.
Hniličková, Kristýna ; Odehnalová, Jitka (advisor) ; Najmanová, Jitka (referee)
Presented diploma thesis deals with the strategic development of the company VKS Pohledští Dvořáci a.s. The thesis contains a list of current activities of the company and suggests opportunities for further development. To reach this objective various internal and external analysis are used, namely PEST analysis, Porter's five forces model, the Value chain and SWOT analysis. To explore the possibilities for future development of the company, two growth strategies are applied -- Porter's Generic Strategies and Ansoff Growth Matrix. There was a survey done which purpose was to monitor customer satisfaction with the products and services provided by the company and to suggest improvements in the company marketing. The conclusion summarizes the most important findings and proposes recommendations on the future expansion of the company.
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Environmental variables acquisition and evaluation
Ulrych, Vladislav ; Vasilenko, Alexandr (advisor)
The first part of thesis is devoted to the environment of the room in which is monitoring device intended - server room. There are description of calculating algorithms for proper sizing of cooling due to the heat. Further in this part is description of suitable senzors for monitoring device - physical principle, their proper use and meaning. Theoretical part also contains a list of several available ready commercial solutions of monitoring stations and their characteristics.
The second part is devoted to the assembly of monitoring device - physical build of hardware components, preparation s and connecting sensors, operating system installation, configuration and network preparation. The second part contains also instaling web server and configuration parts, that allows amek a web interface with presentation of measured physical quantities. Integration device with Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) for use with Zabbix monitoring system. Output from this work can be used for monitoring fundamental physical quantities in a small server room or in switch room.
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Analysis of sheep utility attributes in ecological and conventional flocks in the Czech Republic
Linhartová, Iveta ; Ptáček, Martin (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
The goal of this diploma thesis was to perform an analysis of sheep breeding of Suffolk breed in basic reproductive performance and meat production traits aspects. The information for rating these aspects was used from two farms. The first of them used conventional way of breeding (ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo) and the second one used ecological way (EkofarmaKosařůvmlýn, s.r.o.).
Fertilization, fertility, intensity and rearing belong among monitored reproductive indicators. These reproductive indicators are expressed in percentages. Regarding meat production traits rating in this thesis we compared influences of year of lambing, farming method, birth month, sex, litter size and age of dam. All these influences were judge according to birth weight (kg), weight at the age of 100 days (kg), average growth (g), depth of the longest dorsal muscle (mm) and according to depth of subcutaneous fat (mm). Reproductive performance and meat production were monitored in years 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015.
In terms of reproductive performance with a few exceptions it was true that ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo reached the best values, and in most cases better than the national average. For example in terms of intensity values in 2012 ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo had 35,9% better results compared to national average. In the same year this farm reached 48,1% higher values of percentage rearing compared to national average. Ekofarma Kosařův mlýn, s.r.o. showed worse performances, however it was in most cases better than national average. In terms of intensity in 2011 Ekofarma Kosařův mlýn, s.r.o. had the same results as the ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo. Meat production properties were supported by statistical calculations and all of them were conclusive at least at the level of significance P < 0,05 in all cases except month of birth effect on birth weight. The best results of meat production in terms of effect of lambing had the year 2012, when the birth weight was one of the highest and the other properties (weight at the age of 100 days, average growth, depth of the longest dorsal muscle, depth of subcutaneous fat) were by far the highest in the period of 2011-2015. Next we found out that the ecological way of breeding (in this case Ekofarma Kosařůvmlýn, s.r.o.) has better results than the conventional way (ZVOZD Horácko, družstvo).
The effect of birthmonth has the significant influence on the indicators of meat production and the lambs born in April had the best results. In the case of sex rams are better. Litter size has very important influence on meat production the more lambs per one mother, the lower
birth weights, the lower weights until the period of weaning, the lower weights at the age of 100 days. It is affected by milkiness of the mother. Moreover, the age of mothers also play a significant role. In our research the highest birth weights had lambs of one year old mothers and all other indicators were the highest in the case of three year old dams.
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Study of layers of Pd on InP
Černohorský, Ondřej ; Žďánský, Karel ; Proška, J.
Pd nanoparticles were prepared in colloid solution stabilized by AOT. The layers were prepared by electrophoretic deposition through the mask of polystyrene spheres. SEM measurement showed that particles in colloid solution are separated and after deposition they form small aggregates on InP. The size of these aggregates depends on the time of deposition. I-V characteristics were measured and then Schottky barrier height and ideality factor were calculated. The morphology of layers was monitored by SEM.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: UFE 0374575 - PDF
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Analysis of the Elections to the Senate of the Czech Republic's Parliament and of related Electoral Behaviour
Malcová, Karolína ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mrklas, Ladislav (referee)
The objective of the thesis is a detailed analysis of the senatorial elections on a micro-level in the following four election districts: district № 12 - the area of Strakonice, district № 15 - the area of Pelhřimov, district № 51 - the area of Žďár nad Sázavou and district № 54 - the area of Znojmo in the framework of two regular election terms in the years 1996 and 2002. In the initial theoretical part, the thesis copes with majority electoral systems, deals with their internal classification and examines in more detail the effects of a two-round voting. A separate chapter of the thesis presents the Senate of the Czech Republic's Parliament as an upper chamber in the milieu of Czech parliamentarism and brings nearer the electoral system, embodied by law, exactly for the elections to the Senate. The second practical part of the thesis focuses on the micro-analysis of - in total - eight delimited senatorial elections. In the framework of each election district, the thesis takes into account internal socioeconomic and political circumstances, monitors characteristic features of individual electoral candidates and also the distribution of the electorate among three categories of municipalities, i.e. large towns with the population over five thousand inhabitants, middle size municipalities with the population...
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In vitro cultures of medicinal plants - IV.
Kunzová, Lucie ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
In vitro cultures of medicinal plants - IV. Lucie Kunzová Elicitation is one of the methods which can effect the production or accumulation of secondary metabolites in plant cultures. The effect of 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours influence by three concentrations of the abiotic elicitor methylviologen (paraquat) on the rutin production by Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. callus and suspension culture was monitored in this study. The in vitro culture was cultivated on Murashige-Skoog medium with the addition of 10 mg/l of dichlorphenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as a growth regulator. The content of rutin was determined by HPLC. The maximal content of rutin in callus culture (0,25 %) was demonstrated after 72 hours of methylviologen elicitation (c1 = 2,1929 · 10-3 mol/l). The maximal content of rutin in suspension culture (0,02 %) was demonstrated after 24 hours of methylviologen elicitation (c3 = 2,1929 · 10-5 mol/l).
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Markers of Oxidative Stress are Elevated in Workers Exposed to Nanoparticles
Pelclová, D. ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Fenclová, Z. ; Vlčková, Š. ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Pušman, Jan ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Syslová, K. ; Kuzma, Marek ; Navrátil, Tomáš ; Zakharov, S. ; Kačer, P.
Health-effects of nanoparticles in humans are little understood. Pre-shift and post-shift spirometry, markers in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were measured both in 20 workers exposed to TiO2 aerosol and 19 controls. Particle number size distributions were monitored by aerosol spectrometers SMPS and APS, covering the overall size range 15 nm-10 μm. Simultaneously, the spatial distributions of total particle number and mass concentrations were determined using a particle number concentration monitor (P-TRAK) and a monitor of particle mass concentrations (DustTRAK DRX). Total aerosol concentrations in the production plant varied greatly in both space and time; number concentrations 1x104-2x105 particles/cm3 and mass concentrations 0.1-30 mg/m3. In the workshops, 90% of the particles were smaller than 100 nm in diameter and particle concentrations were 10x higher than in the control room.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22013111914100 - PDF
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The effect of live weight of pigs on the histology of adipose tissue
Žalmánková, Nikola ; Okrouhlá, Monika (advisor) ; Michaela, Michaela (referee)
The main goal of this paper was to evaluate the influence of live weight on both the quantity and the quality of back fat as well as on histology of adipose tissue in pigs. Fourty pigs of PIC genotype and equaly distributed sex were included in this study. The population was then divided into four sub-groups according to their live weight. (Groups: first - under 104.9 kg, second - between 105 kg and 109.9 kg, third - between 110 kg and 114.9 kg, fourth - above 115 kg)
The following indicators of fattening performance were monitored during the study: average daily feed consumption, average weekly feed consumption, average daily weight gain and feed conversion rate. Statistically significant influence was observed only for average daily weight gain which was found to be positively dependent on live weight increases. The smallest average daily weight gain (990.14 g) was observed in group one which at the same time displayed highest feed conversion rate (2.61 kg.kg-1). Subjects in group four, on the other hand, showed the largest average daily weight gain (1159.11 kg) and the lowest feed conversion rate (2.49 kg.kg-1).
Furthermore, development of back fat was periodically monitored via ultrasound examinations at three chosen points of the pigs' anatomy, beginning at four weeks of age and continuing until ten weeks of age. The measurements confirmed that the increases in depth of back fat correlate closely with gains in live weight.
No correlation was proven between other physical characteristics of back fat and changes in live weight. However, measurements showed statistically non-significant increase of coloration of back fat which correlated with weight gains for subjects under 114.9 kg of live weight. As far as tenderness of back fat is concerned, lowest values were found in both upper (74.31 N) and lower (59.61 N) fat in subjects in group two.
No significant influence of live weight on the histology of adipose tissue was found. Nevertheless, measurements showed apparent structural difference between the cut in the higher and lower part of back fat. In upper part of the cut was the highest density of adipose cells (60.27 cells per 1 mm2 at the average cell size of 3430.23) found in group number two. However, in the lower part of the cut was the highest density of adipose cells (63.8 cells per 1 mm2 at the average cell size of 3877.72) found in group number one.
None of the other monitored variables proved to be statistically significant.
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