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Amendments to the EU Treaties - the establishment of the European Stability Mechanism: Study 3.097
Cupalová, Marcela ; Dupláková, Daniela
Smlouva o Evropské unii ve znění Lisabonské smlouvy (dále jako SEU), jež vstoupila v platnost dne 1. prosince 2009, v čl. 48 odst. 6 nově upravuje možnost zjednodušeného přijímání změn části třetí Smlouvy o fungování Evropské unie ve znění Lisabonské smlouvy (dále jako SFEU). V současné době je na evropské úrovni projednáván první návrh změny SFEU, jenž má být uskutečněn prostřednictvím zjednodušeného postupu. Impulsem k této změně byla snaha o zajištění finanční stability členských států Evropské unie, které jsou zároveň součástí eurozóny (Evropský mechanismus stability). Studie v první části přináší výklad vnitrostátní procedury schvalování zjednodušené změny Smlouvy a ve druhé části popisuje samotný mechanismus stability, který má být touto procedurou zaveden.
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Procedures for the appointment and removal of the Attorney General: Study 5.313
Kavěna, Martin ; Bartáková, Petra ; Břečková, Kateřina
Komparaci způsobů jmenování a odvolání nejvyšších státních zástupců v různých státech nelze učinit jednoduchým srovnáním procesních ustanovení. Jednotlivé právní řády se výrazně liší jednak v pravomocích, které vykonávají státní zastupitelství, v odlišných hierarchických modelech úřadů státních zastupitelství, ale i v koncepčním zařazení státního zastupitelství do moci soudní nebo do moci výkonné. Práce přináší přehled způsobu jmenování a odvolávání státních zástupců a uvádí je do širšího kontextu v dané zemi.
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Nursing care of patients before and after catheter ablation
KMETKOVÁ, Monika
Catheter ablation is the ultimate non-pharmacological treatment of heart rhythm disorders, allowing the destruction i.e. ablation of abnormal tissue in the heart, which has resulted in the emergence of this disorder. This is a procedure which can be targeted pathologic affect the electrical activity of a precinct of cardiac infarction. This work is dedicated to the nursing care of patients before and after catheter ablation, the level of patient awareness, the level of communication between the nurse and patient and monitors the needs of the respondents after myocardial performance. Up to date of this issue we see even that several prospective randomized trials have shown significantly higher ablation efficiency in long-term maintenance of sinus rhythm than during treatment with ant arrhythmic drugs. Furthermore, the quality of life after catheter ablation increases and its improvement is significantly higher than with ant arrhythmic drugs. The theoretical part deals in the introduction with the history of discoveries in other chapters include anatomy and function of the heart. It also provides information about heart rhythm problems, describes the clinical picture of the disease and treatment options. At the end of the theoretical part is to work preparing a patient for power, the act itself, potential complications, nursing care after surgery and the role of the nurse in her. The aim of this passage is a summary of existing knowledge about resolved issue. This section has been prepared on the basis of relevant literature sources. The aim of this work is to determine the specifics of nursing care before and after the performance of catheter ablation. To achieve this objective were in the empirical part used the qualitative research methods. In this section were collected answers to three research questions. What is the awareness of patients undergoing catheter ablation performance? What is nurse communication with the patient? What are the needs of the patient after surgery catheter ablation? The survey was conducted in patients undergoing catheter ablation performance. Interviews took place in the hospital České Budějovice and in the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM) in Prague cardiology department. The survey was included in a group of ten respondents. Their choice was determined by the willingness of respondents to participate in the research and work on it. For each of the participants used non - standardized form of interview. The results of the survey were analyzed and entered into categories. In view of the results of our work we want the work and its results as much as possible open up to the public of professional nursing. We hope that results of the work will increase the interest of the professional public about this issue and ask other workers willing to contribute to their solution.
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Logistic management in public sector with focus on citizen protection
KUBÁT, Robert
We live in the time when humanity is often threatened by exceptional affairs, which affect health or lives all of us. To stop or overcome dangerous impacts of these exceptional affairs in society logistic system is built, which eliminated these impacts. This thesis is focused just on this system which is prepared to solve exceptional affairs its devices and resources. In the Czech Republic it is secured solution of the affairs by public administration, which provides basic logistic support. The Fire Rescue Brigade of the Czech Republic is a basic link of a logistic chain. Last years the population of the Czech Republic could make sure about need of logistic support either during devastating floods or tragic accidents. The knowledge of procedures and practical skills of an activity of precautions of protection of population is one of the basic conditions its successful realization while an exceptional affair occurs. The aim of the thesis was to find out and to evaluate the state of a logistic support in a section of protection of the population in public administration with a focus on municipalities with extended activities on a base of crisis management department staff and inhabitants given municipalities. The whole research was aimed so, that after accomplishment of research with the aid of conducted interviews with public administration staff was obtained information about logistic support of particular towns. The view of knowledge and awareness of inhabitants of particular towns was gained by analysis of data obtained by questionnaire survey. Simultaneously this information reflects a general view of a real state of awareness of these inhabitants from the side of council halls. The municipalities with extended activity Týn nad Vltavou, Písek and Tábor include lots of other municipalities. If the thesis should dedicated all of them in a detail, the work would be very comprehensive. That is why it is focused with only particular towns. The methodology of work consisted of collecting theoretical information obtained especially from professional literature, websites and valid laws. In order to find out logistic support and state of awareness of inhabitants conducted interviews (included 21 questions) with crisis management department staff were accomplished. Afterwards the questionnaire, which focused on this issue, was handed over chosen inhabitants.
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The role of the paramedic in the treatment of pain in the prehospital emergency care
ŠKOLKOVÁ, Aneta
The Bachelor thesis deals with a very current and spread topic in the sphere of the pre-hospital urgent care, it concerns the issue of pain and the role of the paramedic at its treatment in the pre-hospital urgent care. Pain is one of the most frequent indications initiating the medical ambulance service intervention. It is an affiliated and really essential stressor. The task for the paramedic is to help the patient suffering from pain and to use all ways of treatment which are possible to be applied in the sphere of the pre-hospital care. Therefore it is very important for the paramedics to be well informed on the issue of analgesia and to have good theoretical knowledge and to be able to apply it in practice. The theoretical part deals with the complex issue which is related to pain and with the role of the paramedic. At the beginning of the work there are defined basic concepts concerning the wide issue of pain, i.e. its types and categories form the localization point of view. Further, there is described the basic examination and getting information from the patient which form the integral part of information and data for consequent diagnosing and its possible therapies in the pre-hospital care. Therefore there is also a detailed elaboration of evaluating scales including the children´s ones. In order to get a sight into the issue of pain treatment there is integrated the subchapter concerning the invasive and non-invasive methods in the work. Next, the attention of the work is mostly focused on defining concepts of the pre-hospital urgent care and on the competences of the paramedic which form an integral part of the knowledge of this profession. It is related to possibilities of non-pharmacology and pharmacology treatment in the pre-hospital urgent care, which the specialist can use. The practical part was focused on recording of knowledge and procedures of paramedics in the process of pain treatment in the pre-hospital urgent care. There was carried out the whole republic inquiry using the quantitative method of anonymous questionnaire form. It was designed for the medical care workers working as paramedics. All regions in the Czech Republic were contacted; however, only eleven joined the research. Upon agreement with the managers of non-medical workers the questionnaires were delivered to paramedics. There were sent out 210 questionnaires while their return was 71.43% (150). All questionnaires were included in the consequent resultant inquiry. Responding paramedics were informed on the character of the research and assured that the anonymity of their person and the provided information will be preserved. The questionnaire involved 17 questions in total and the first five questions were statistical ones. The questions were focused on knowledge of analgesia and on procedure used by paramedics in the fieldwork. Questions 2, 4, 4a, 4b, 5, 8, 8a, 10, 10a, 11 were selected in order to get information whether the responding paramedics have knowledge on the issue of analgesia an in order to get base for answering the research question. The obtained information was consequently evaluated. Each question was answered individually and then transferred into diagrams (sometimes only into charts), which show their absolute and (mostly) relative frequency of obtained answers. The stated research question was (on the basis of the above mentioned 10 questions) evaluated by means of chi quadrate test. The obtained level of significance refused the stated ideal statement and confirmed results of the research which says that the knowledge of the paramedics is insufficient. The goal of the work was to record possibilities of pain treatment in the pre-hospital urgent care by the paramedic and it was fulfilled. Statistically evaluated questionnaire inquiry and answer to the research question show that further education of paramedics as well as their accepting the complex view of the issue is absolutely necessary.
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Physiotherapy at Patiens after Breast Cancer
POCHOPOVÁ, Jana
The breast cencer is the world's most common cancer among women. It affects about 6 % of them and it is registered approximately 600 thousand new cases of the disease every year. The situation is not so satisfactory as well in the Czech Republic. It has been contained about 6500 new cases a year in recent years and about 2000 women die of this disease. The breast cancer is one of the disease which unfortunately can not be predicted or prevented. Despite this it is a type of cancer which can lead in most cases to cure the patient if it is soon detected. It is used the self-examination method for the soon detection of cancer which women should regularly realize and especially mammography screening. The treatment of breast cancer is linked to the emergence of certain problems that complicate subsequent convalescence of the patient. If it appears there are options how to fight them. It can be also prevented or at least significantly reduced. The issue of breast cancer is still very actual and it is the reason why I chose topic "Patients' physiotherapy after breast cancer treatment." for this bachelor thesis. This work consists of a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part defines the basic concepts related to cancer, its development and anatomy. It also deals with the issue of breast cancer from etiology of the disease, the influence of risk factors and diagnosis to therapy. It also describes the risk of postoperative complications related to surgical procedure on the breast and removal lymph node and the possibility prevent these problems or fight effectively with appropriate therapy. Practical part of work includes monitoring of postoperative changes on patients with surgical procedure on breast and the therapy description focused on the prevention of formation of complications linked to surgical procedure or removal of already existing problems. The collection of primary data was carried out qualitative way through case studies, it was chosen the methodology of interview, observation (kinesiology analysis) and analysis of personal health documents. The research group consisted of two patients diagnosed with breast cancer who underwent surgical procedure at the Department of Surgery Hospitals Czech Budejovice, a. s. The goal in this work was determined to describe the effect of physiotherapy in the prevention of postoperative problems related to surgical procedure for cancer removal. Together with the aim of work the following research question was determined: What are the contributions of physiotherapy in the prevention of postoperative symptoms in patients with breast cancer? In both patients the therapy managed to achieve a functional and painless movement of the shoulder joint and the upper limbs on the affected side, free mobility in the thoracic region and improved breathing stereotype. There has been a release of abbreviated and strengthening of weak muscle groups. We also managed to release the postoperative scars, while the patients were instructed how to treat them in the future. Contribution physiotherapy is therefore positive. Patients were also educated on the need for regular exercise even after warming up arms and got recommendations for the care of the upper limb, diet, hygiene, sports or doing housework. The results of the research part showed that the implementation of physiotherapy in patients after surgery for breast cancer has a positive effect in the prevention of postoperative complications, thereby has accomplished the goal of the work. Bachelor thesis will be used by physiotherapists for completion of information about the possibilities of rehabilitation after breast cancer treatment and also as educational material for patients and others interested in this issue.
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