|
Macroeconomic Consequences of the Great Economic Crisis in Czechoslovakia
Patková, Kateřina ; Stellner, František (advisor) ; Váňa, Daniel (referee)
The work analyses an economic development of Czechoslovakia mainly during the thirties. The work deals with origins and consequences of the Great Depression, which is in most cases associated with the economic collapse in the United States after the stock market crash in October 1929. In most of other countries the business cycle was characterized by decline of product, deflation, record-breaking unemployment and had a destructive impact on economic, social and political arrangements. In Czechoslovakia the crisis hits all economic branches and under the pressure of the catastrophic results the economic policy changed. Economic recovery was slow and even at the end of the thirties most of the economic indicators were below their 1929 levels.
|
|
Smoot - Hawley tariff and its effects on economy of The United States
Šimo, Dávid ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on effects of Smoot-Hawley tariff in The United States of America, during 1930. Specifically, the thesis focuses on the analysis of the tariff's effects to process of The Great Depression and is trying to answer the question if the tariff made The Depression worse. In the first part, there is described economic situation in the United States before the tariff passed and then there is described way, how the tariff was passed. The next part is divided into three chapters, and every single one of them analyze effects of the tariff from different sight of view, which is change of farmer's and producer's situation, monetary effects and effects of the tariff to world trade. The thesis analyzes these effects on process of the Great Depression in The United States. Conclusion of the thesis is the statement that Smoot-Hawley tariff made an effect on The Great Depression, mainly by his effects on world trade, which was lower because of the tariff and it was a break to recovery from recession.
|
|
The Effects of the New Deal on the social status of Afro-Americans in selected sectors of the US economy
Schwammenhöfer, Tomáš ; Tajovský, Ladislav (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the effects of the New Deal legislation on Afro-Americans in the 1930s. Specifically, the thesis analytically focuses on the influence of various politician of this program on their social environment within the US economy. For the ease of understanding of whole issue is needed to know the situation of Afro-Americans in the previous decade as well as in the Great Depression. That is the content of the first two chapters. Subsequently there is the outline of the situation leading to the election of F. D. Roosevelt, US President. The last and as well the most important chapter of the whole thesis is devoted to analysis of individual programs and their impact on Afro-Americans. It concludes that the New Deal had both positive and negative influence on this minority, depending on the economic sector and the relevant administration. New Deal generally meant a huge progress in their economic and political affairs.
|
|
Economic and Political Consequences of Collectivization in Czechoslovakia
Pučelík, Karel ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This work aims to analyze the consequences of collectivization in czechoslovak agriculture. Reporting period is between 1948-1960. In the theoretical part are described political and economic motives and condition of czechoslovak agriculture. In the practical part contents development of collectivization and impact of agriculture reforms on agriculture sector. Reporting period is divided into three parts according to collectivization intensity. In the end we managed to verify the hypothesis that collectivization strongly affected the czechoslovak agriculture.
|
|
Unconvential monetary policy adopted by ECB and FED in 2008-2015
Pörner, Marek ; Šetková, Lenka (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Michaela (referee)
The main aim of this thesis is to analyse the accomplishment of the goals set, namely those of the selected unconventional monetary policies approved by the Federal Reserve System and the European Central Bank in response to the last financial crisis. With the FED the attention is focused on Quantitative Easing, whereas with the ECB it is focused on the programmes called Enhanced Credit Support, SMP, OMT and EAPP. Important parts of this thesis are also the explanation of the transmission mechanism of the unconventional monetary policy, the evaluation of macroeconomic impacts of these non-standard tools, the comparison of procedures of the two monitored central banks, but mainly the analysis of selected risks related to those tools. The principal method was an empirical analysis supported by economic studies dealing with the issues mentioned above. In the thesis it was discovered that the individual goals of the monitored programmes were achieved (with the exception of the SMP). With the programme EAPP no conlusion can be drawn because the programme has not been finished yet. Nevertheless, these non-standard tools bring certain risks such as a creation of a bubble in the markets of assets, a redistribution of wealth, a spillover effect, etc. For that reason it will be possible to evaluate the overall effect of the unconventional monetary policies only after a longer time period.
|
|
The consequences of the monetary reforms in Czechoslovakia in 1953
Martincová, Petra ; Chalupecký, Petr (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
The thesis focuses on monetary reform in Czechoslovakia in 1953. It concentrates especially on the impact of monetary reform on the population. Based on the hypothesis that the economic situation of the state and of the population has not improved as the monetary reform planned. The thesis describes postwar period of Czechoslovakia for a better evaulating and understanding of the monetary reform. The conclusion of the thesis is that monetary reform didn´t increase economic growth and damaged greatly all social strata of the population. The way how the monetary reform was proclaimed caused loosing population´s confidence in the government and in the currency.
|
|
The Soviet collectivization in the late 20s and in the first half of the 30s of the 20th century and evaluation of the social and economic consequences on Volhynian Czechs
Šťastná, Dora ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The thesis focuses on economic development in the Soviet Union in the late 20s and in the first half of the 30s of the 20th century. An accent is placed mainly on collectivisation of agriculture during the first five-year plan. The theoretical part of the thesis is dedicated to the centrally planned economy, previous economic history of the USSR and Stalin's concept of economic policy. The analytical part of the thesis deals with the process of collectivization and evaluation of the social and economic outcomes and consequences, specifically on the territory of Volhynia, where thousands of Czech citizens emigrated. The hypothesis, that Volhynian Czechs were not directly affected by forced collectivization, was disproved. As a result of collectivization the number of czech population in Volhynia decreased by 30%. The first five-year plan featured a big step towards modernization and self-sufficiency of the country, but in the agricultural sector failed.
|
|
The Model of Financial Compensation for placement of a Deep Geological Repository of Radioactive Waste in the Czech republic in period from 2010 to 2016
Englerová, Anna ; Zeman, Martin (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
Author examines a way of allocation of governmental financial resources to municipalities in locations preselected for deep geological repository. She is searching for a way how to add a motivational incentive to the process of allocation of financial resources in order to improve municipalities attitude towards deep geological repository. Hypothesis, examined in this thesis, contains two related questions. It is assumed that (1) amount and structure of financial resources can significantly affect municipalities decision making and also that (2) current mechanism of allocation of compensations is ineffective and does not create sufficient incentives. Currently (end of the year 2016), negotiations between government and municipalities are in crisis despite significant financial compensation from government nuclear account to the municipalities. This thesis have potential to change municipalities negative stance on deep geological repository through motivational model of resource allocation. Theoretical part reviews basic economic background and introduces historical, sociological, technological and economic views of radioactivity and deep geological repository. In practical part author analyzes socio-economic situation, compares evolution of transfers from government to municipalities with their attitude towards deep geological repository in time and shows that current system of resource allocation does not motivate the municipalities to change their stance on deep geological repository. That confirms second part of our hypothesis. Author also proposes a motivational model of resource alllocation. She confirms its viability by comparing it with similar models from other countries, by surveying mayors of concerned municipalities and also by examining experts opinion. Verification of the model confirmed its motivational effect. By that, first assumption of our hypothesis, that structure of resource allocation can significantly affect municipalities decision making, was confirmed.
|
|
Strategies for determinig transfer prices in period of economical crisis
Skrbková, Lucie ; Francírek, František (advisor) ; Jakoubek, Jiří (referee)
In the most cases the market range of transfer pricing is determined from statistical data from previous years. In case of these data the time delay occurs when these data are collected and these data do not reflect if that are collected for period of economical growth or recession. As a result, the final transfer pricing range can become distorted. For this reason it is essential to be familiar with strategies and procedures that can be applied to "clean up" statistical data from the influence of business cycle fluctuations. These strategies and procedures are discussed in this diploma thesis. In the first theoretical chapter are presented transfer pricing issues, set the basic terms, analyzed basic available resources dealing with transfer pricing, defined methods for determining transfer pricing range and identified consequences of the economic crisis in relation to transfer pricing. The second chapter is focused on the selection of the most appropriate method for determining transfer pricing and comparative of both the theoretical and practical basis. The last chapter presents the strategies and procedures that can be used in a comparative analysis, in order to eliminate distortions of the statistical data from the influence of business cycle fluctuations.
|
|
Economic policy of National front government
Bočák, Jakub ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on economic policy of Czechoslovakia after 1946 up to the rejection of participation in the Marshall plan. Its hypothesis is that development of economic policy was inevitably headed for the transition to a centrally planned economy. At first it focuses on formation of National Front of Czechs and Slovaks which meant a considerable restriction of democracy. After parliamentary elections in 1946 thesis focuses on description of two-year economic plan which was an important instrument of economic policy of the National Front. The last part of thesis describes the circumstances of refusing to participate in the Marshall Plan. The main conclusion of the thesis is that due to political situation was possible other development but transition to centrally planned economy.
|
guest ::
