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Unconvential monetary policy adopted by ECB and FED in 2008-2015
Pörner, Marek ; Šetková, Lenka (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Michaela (referee)
The main aim of this thesis is to analyse the accomplishment of the goals set, namely those of the selected unconventional monetary policies approved by the Federal Reserve System and the European Central Bank in response to the last financial crisis. With the FED the attention is focused on Quantitative Easing, whereas with the ECB it is focused on the programmes called Enhanced Credit Support, SMP, OMT and EAPP. Important parts of this thesis are also the explanation of the transmission mechanism of the unconventional monetary policy, the evaluation of macroeconomic impacts of these non-standard tools, the comparison of procedures of the two monitored central banks, but mainly the analysis of selected risks related to those tools. The principal method was an empirical analysis supported by economic studies dealing with the issues mentioned above. In the thesis it was discovered that the individual goals of the monitored programmes were achieved (with the exception of the SMP). With the programme EAPP no conlusion can be drawn because the programme has not been finished yet. Nevertheless, these non-standard tools bring certain risks such as a creation of a bubble in the markets of assets, a redistribution of wealth, a spillover effect, etc. For that reason it will be possible to evaluate the overall effect of the unconventional monetary policies only after a longer time period.
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On possible approaches to detecting robotic activity of botnets
Prajer, Richard ; Palovský, Radomír (advisor) ; Pavlíček, Luboš (referee)
This thesis explores possible approaches to detecting robotic activity of botnets on network. Initially, the detection based on full packet analysis in consideration of DNS, HTTP and IRC communication, is described. However, this detection is found inapplicable for technical and ethical reasons. Then it focuses on the analysis based on network flow metadata, compiling them to be processable in machine learning. It creates detection models using different machine learning methods, to compare them with each other. Bayes net method is found to be acceptable for detecting robotic activity of botnets. The Bayesian model is only able to identify the botnet that already executes the commands sent by its C&C server. "Sleeping" botnets are not reliably detectable by this model.
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University of South Bohemia students' knowledge of the first aid theory
MALANÍKOVÁ, Jana
This work is separated into two main parts, the theoretical part and the research. In the first part the reader is familiar with teoretic knowledge of the first aid. I thought it is absolutely necessary to mention here the definition of the first aid , basic first aid theory consisted of the laic aid and the technical one. This work also correctly describes the latest techniques of cardiopulmonary resuscitation at adults . The second chapter is a small reminder of a history of the Red Cross. This chapter contains information about the beginnings of the Red Cross, as was the case with the founding of the Red Cross in the Czech Republic, dats about the International Movement of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and basic information about the possibillities of the first aid training. The fourth chapter is devoted to the basic principles of treatment for some life -threatening conditions such as: shock, unconsciousness, fractures, bleeding and how to call EMS. To learn about the accessibility and the clarity of the information of the first aid at the same time, I tried to borrow from the various information sources. According to the information, I decided to include above- mentioned theory in the theoretical part of the work. The second part relates the research , which has been established for one primary objective : to find out knowledge of the theory of the first aid. The research was conducted at selected colleges JCU, questionnaires were completed by 159 students. I chose respondents from these faculties intended to find the information just at these students because they represent a particular age group but also the various sectors of human activities. I further modified the sample random with the same proportion of students from the various faculties in the number of 100 respondents. There was chosen a quantitative method for this research. The necessary dats were collected by using an anonymous questionnaires. A structured questionnaire (see Appendix 1) contained a total of 22 questions focused on the theoretical knowledge of the first aid of JCU student. I processed the dats to confirm or refute the hypotheses in advance. Evaluation of dats was carried out using statistical random selectio , contingency tables and the results were set out neatly into the graphs. The results were processed in the Microsoft Office Excel 2010 programme. The statistical evaluation of the research has shown that the average knowledge of all faculties are balanced.
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Valuation of the MSV Metal Studénka, a. s.
Honc, Adam ; Strouhal, Jiří (advisor) ; Smrčka, Luboš (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to determine the market value of joint-stock company MSV Metal Studénka for 31. 12. 2015. The thesis is divided into theoretical-methodological and practical part. The former contains the definitions of terms, techniques and methods which relate to not only the problems of company appreciation but also insolvency law focusing on corporate restructuring. In the practical part, the theoretical groundwork is applied. After the initial introduction of the company including a brief description of the course of insolvency proceeding, a strategic and financial analysis is conducted. After the evaluation of the company's financial health and future perspective, a division of assets into operationally necessary and unnecessary, analysis and value generator prognosis, financial plan formulation and the evaluation itself follow. For the final company appreciation, the discounted cash flow method in the variant of free cash flow to the firm (FCFF) is used.
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Valuation of the company Tank ONO, s.r.o.
Novák, Petr ; Strouhal, Jiří (advisor) ; Smrčka, Luboš (referee)
The output of this Master´s Thesis on the theme "Valuation of the company Tank ONO, s.r.o." is the estimation of market value of company as at the date of December 31, 2014, with the goal of selling off the company to a hypothetical general investor in the future. The theoretical part includes metodology and instruments used for company valuation, eg definition of main terms, explanation of valuation proces and methods, that are recognised as valid by specialised public. Afterwards, the second part (eg practical part) is aimed at applying the metodology in practice. First, the valuated company is shortly introduced and it is followed by financial and strategic analysis in order to evaluate the financial soundness and assess the perspective for company future. The conclusions of the above analysis are used for elaborating the value drivers and complex financial plan, that is followed by valuation of Tank ONO, s.r.o. In light of the company capital structure, there is chosen DCF equity method for final valuation, in this Thesis.
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Supported Emplayment from the Perspective of Emplayers
MYŠÁKOVÁ, Hana
The philosophy of supported employment in the Czech Republic has been developing for over than twenty years. Nevertheless this service is still neglected and only a few non-profit organizations put it into practice. The service is not legislatively based and also the society does not have a clear opinion on employment of people with disabilities. Current labour market situation is not advantageous at all. Therefore some support of disabled people looking for a job is becoming more necessary and required. The employers are an important part of the whole problems, because their attitude to the idea of supported employment plays a significant role. The bachelor's thesis "Supported Employment from the Perspective of Employers" has pretentions to look into supported employment from the employers' point of view. They are not active initiators of the service, but they are important participants for its successful realization. The theoretical part of the thesis tries to describe the basic problems. It covers the service of supported employment from historical development to its importance. It focuses on special characteristics of disabilities and their social impact on human beings. The closing part is dedicated to working opportunities for people with disabilities in the circumstances of current legislative and economic situation. The practical part is written in the form of a qualitative research. The method of questioning and semi-structured interviews were used for the purposes of the research. Eight people were chosen intentionally for the survey. The data gained from the interviews were analysed with the method of open coding. The main aim of the thesis was to map out empoyers' experience with the service of supported employment. Motivation of employers to put this service into practice was the next part of the research. The question was: "What reasons for realization of supported employment do predominate by employers?" The research showed the most frequent facts, which predestine the integration possibility of disabled people in open labour market fundamentally. After the interviews and answering the questions of the research, it was possible to describe the employers' experience with the supported employment service and also their main incentives for its realization. It was found out that employers' experience with the supported employment service is quite limited. Employers often get to know it through the agency for supported employment, which is not only the initiator of cooperation, but it also plays an important role when a disabled person is being employed. An important point of successful employment is often how the emploeyer is satisfied with the agency. The employment of disabled people often brings certain risks connected with the limits of disabilities. Employers, who enable disabled people to work, are aware of that. The impulse for employment can vary from financial advantages, company philantrophy to personal solidarity of the employer. Social responsibility of the company is becoming a trend, that many employers start to know. But it can be presumed to influence the employment of more people with disabilities and at the same time the looking up the supported employment service by the employers. This bachelor's thesis can be contributive to understanding the importance of employment for disabled people's living. It brings information about the employers' experience with the realization of supported employment and motivation to the realization. It can also help to uncover integration obstacles of people with disabilities in open labour market.
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Nutrition and other factors, which have influence on the formation and prevention of colorectal cancer
BENEŠOVÁ, Lucie
The full title of my bachelor thesis is Nutrition and Other Factors Influencing the Development and Prevention of Colorectal Cancer. In the theory section of the paper I have concentrated on clarifying the term "colorectal cancer", its epidemiology, and furthermore, on diet and other risk factors concerning the development and prevention of this disease. In this theory section I have included information about screening tests for occult bleeding. I have addressed the key objectives in the practical section of the thesis. I had set two key objectives. The first was to research how well respondents were informed concerning diets beneficial in the prevention of colorectal cancer, and the second objective concentrated on assessing the respondents' behaviour in relation to the information they had acquired. The research questions were formulated thus: "How well are people informed about diets aimed at preventing colorectal cancer?" and "Do people behave according to information thus gained?" The qualitative research method a semi-structured interview was used for the research section. Ten male respondents over the age of 45 took part in the interview. Five of these males were Dr Ilona Paseková's outpatients all with a genetic disposition to colorectal cancer, with most experiencing problems related to this disease. The other five respondents were without any predispositions. After receiving answers to the questions posed to the respondents, I wanted to compare both groups in order to ascertain whether those with a genetic predisposition showed a greater interest in this disease. Furthermore, I wanted to find out whether those respondents were actively seeking information concerning the prevention or treatment of colorectal and anal cancer. All those interviewed were very open and willing to answer questions. Collection of data was carried out from January 2014 to March 2014. The conclusions of this thesis show that public awareness of colorectal cancer and its prevention is inadequate. Public awareness of diets beneficial in the prevention of colorectal cancer is markedly poor, even among high-risk respondents. Having observed this lack of awareness, I proceeded to question respondents as to their dietary and lifestyle habits. Furthermore, the respondents were asked if they were aware that colorectal cancer screening was available in the Czech Republic. The results showed that some respondents, however unaware of diets beneficial in the prevention of colorectal cancer, follow a healthy diet, thus fulfilling dieticians' recommendations concerning the prevention of this disease. When asked about preventive foods, respondents most often mentioned brassicas broccoli and cabbage, etc. Conversely, the most often mentioned foods said to increase the risk of disease were smoked meat and red meat. One respondent mentioned the preventive affects of shark cartilage. I was very surprised by this assertion and subsequently searched the internet for information relating to shark cartilage. To my surprise, I found that the respondent was indeed not mistaken, and that statements to that effect can be found on websites promoting dietary supplements containing shark cartilage extract. According to these sources sharks do not suffer from cancer and therefore, their cartilage is closely studied and dietary supplements containing its extracts are produced. Furthermore, I intended to compare two groups of respondents those with genetic dispositions and those without. After carrying out the respective interviews, their comparison appeared to be futile. In both groups I identified respondents who followed a healthy diet and lifestyle as well as those who did not. I found that there is no relation between high-risk habits and predisposition to colorectal cancer. Whether a respondent with such a predisposition decided to follow a healthy diet or change his dietary habits and lifestyle or not was purely a question of his personal preferences.
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Infection risks of nursers at the inpatient wards
KUČÍRKOVÁ, Alena
Theoretical backround Working as a nurse is one the most human jobs, by serving to people, taking care and preserve health of a human, which is considered to be the highest value of human life for centuries. The aim of nurses is to take care of a human, to mitigate his or her symptoms and to comfort the life till its end if there is no possibility for full recovery. While they do previously described most of them are not aware of a need to take into account also their own health and especially protection against all dangerous microbes. In my bachelor thesis I analyse infection diseases sometimes also called occupational infections which are the most dangerous for nurses. All occupational infections are stated here together with their descriptions. In following parts of this thesis there are hygiene requirements on the workspace and finally in the last section hygienic-epidemic actions in a health care system are described. Objectives of this thesis Objective 1 Determine whether nurses comply with preventive actions against risks of infections. Objective 2 Determine whether nurses know risks of infections at patients departments. Objective 3 Determine whether nurses know how to defend their spread. Research questions Research Question 1: How do nurses protect themselves against risks of infections? Research Question 2: What information do nurses have about risks of infections in health care system? Research Question 3: In which way do nurses prevent the spread of infection to a de- partment? Methodology The bachelor thesis presents a qualitative research. Methods and techniques of a data collection, which we used in the work were participant observation and semi-structured interviews. The survey was carried out with 6 respondents in anesthesiology and resuscitation departments, surgical and internal intensive care units and intermediate care unit at Nemocnice České Budějvice a.s. The research method of an active observation was used during the survey. We observed certain facts that were recorded during the observation to a observation sheet (Appendix 4) and then transcribed and analysed. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The interview was conducted with the same respondents who were observed and recorded in a written form and then overwritten (Appendix 6). Results The results of the observations in the research study showed that nurses unfortunately do not comply with barrier nursing techniques as much as they should. The only thing that they fully comply with the overall finish, wear prescribed clothing and collection of biological material according to hygienic principles. Worse situation was in the using of protective equipment, disinfection and hand washing and eating food, where it did not comply 100%. In the next part of the research we focused on interviews with the observed respondents, the purpose was to find things that could not be identified by the only observing. The results showed that nurses do not even have much theoretical knowledge as regards to a occupational infection, or an injury treatment procedure when infected by an object. Conclusion The survey showed that while most nurses have a clue about good practices and knowledge of the occupational infections and hygienic-epidemiological measures ,but unfortunately theory is different from practice in which these things too oblivious. It emerged that unfortunately practice is different than the theory that we learn at universities and colleges.
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Antioxidant, anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory effect of fruits, vegetables and mushrooms in vitro
Doskočil, Ivo ; Havlík, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Orsák, Matyáš (referee)
Recently there has been an increasing interest in discovering of new species of plants and mushrooms which have antioxidant or anti proliferative activity. The interest is caused by the fact that these species have medicinal and food utilization. These properties of plants and mushrooms can be used when dealing with many diseases which may be connected with oxidative stress (inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and tumour disease, etc.).
The thesis propounds characteristics of in vitro antioxidant and anti proliferative activity of 19 types of juices and 28 methanol extracts of fruits and vegetables, which are common parts of a diet. In the thesis there are also characteristics of 13 ethanol extracts of edible mushrooms of the order of Polypore (Popyporales). Antioxidant activity was quantifie by 2, 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production. Cytotoxicity was measured by MTT (3 (4,5 dimethylthiazol 2 yl) 2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide. Immunomodulatory activity was determined by an assay of phagocytic activity of human neutrophil granulocytes. Further a total phenolic content (TPC) and total beta glucan content were investigated; these are considered to be the potentially active constituents participating in mentioned activities.
From the obtained results it is evident that juices (TPC = 1603.2 mg GAE/L; ORAC = 438.5 umol TE/g)
and a bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) fruit extract (ORAC 836.6 umol TE/g; DPPH = 404.6 umol TE/g) showed
the highest antioxidant activity of all tested samples of fruits and vegetables. Capsicum (Capsicum L.)
juices (TPC = 642.1 mg GAE/L; ORAC = 127.9 umol TE/g) and a radish (Raphanus sativus L.) extract
(ORAC 724.5 umol TE/g; DPPH = 52.2 umol TE/g) also proved to have the high values of antioxidant activity. From the tested fruits and vegetables the following inhibited to produce a nitric oxide: onion (Allium cepa L) juices (lowered the NO production by 57%), tangerine juices (Citrus reticulata Blanco)(by 52%), broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis italic) extract (by 21%), and orange (Citrus sinensis Pers.) extract (by 10%). Concerning edible
mushrooms, Lentinus tigrinus (Bull.) Fr. (TPC = 216.2 umol GAE/g of extract), Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Kras (TPC = 257.9 umol GAE/g of extract), and Royoporus badius (Pers.) A.B. De (TPC = 257.8 umol GAE/g of extract) presented the highest phenolic content. Sparassis crispa (Wulfen) Fr. (117.4 mg/g of extract) had the highest content of beta glucan. Substantial effect on phagocytic activity of granulocytes was noticed in connection with Neolentinus lepideus (Fr.) Redhead & Ginns, Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr., and S. crispa. In connection with the latter of mentioned mushrooms, a moderate inhibitory effect towards HT 29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line
(IC50 = 107 ug/ml of extract) was noticed.
The results indicate that the tested plants and mushrooms can be beneficial when reducing the negative effects of oxidative stress. The oxidative stress has been recognized as a contributing factor to a whole range of diseases and the reduction of the oxidative stress may lead to the decrease in the possibility of the diseases´ progression. The results show the possible favourable effects on the human health. When evaluating the results, the following fact should be taken into consideration; the in vitro tests and screenings are considered to be the first phase of systematic research of the effects and serve for the choice of respondents for further detailed studies.
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