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The system and the financing system of psychiatric care in the Czech Republic in the period 2010-2016
Křížová, Natálie ; Lukášová, Tereza (advisor) ; Bartůsková, Lucia (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on mental health, which is becoming a socio-economic problem these days. Since there is a constant prevalence of patients with mental illnesses and thus an increase of a burden in the economic system, this work explains the system of psychiatric care, which is crucial for the future development of mental health of Czech population. Based on the analysis of the issue it is evident that the effort to manage the care system to community care will do not contribute to the reduction of treatment costs, but on the other hand, will facilitate the accessibility to psychiatric facilities for patients. The funding of psychiatric care is not based on the national health system, which influences the direction of a large part of the funds for treatment in psychiatric hospitals.
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"Extended-care of midwife in giving infants a massage on Puerperium Depertment of Strakonice Hospital and infants at home."
VAČKÁŘOVÁ, Iva
In my thesis, I focused at providing massages to neonates at the Puerperium Department of Nemocnice Strakonice, a.s., and to infants at home. My intention was to acquaint mothers with massages during the first days after birth and to teach them the massage technique. The knowledge gained can be used to improve care for children in domestic environment. The thesis used a combination of quantitative and qualitative research. The data collection made use of an anonymous survey, an electronic survey and non-standardized interviews. Six objectives were defined. Objective 1: To survey whether the received information is profitable for mothers. Objective 2: To survey whether mothers are interested in giving a massage to their infants in the post partum. Objective 3: To map the expected benefits of physiological massages for infants as viewed by their mothers. Objective 4: To map mothers? interest in continuing child massages at home. Objective 5: To map the real benefits of child massage in home environment as viewed by the mothers. Objective 6: To teach mothers massage procedures. All the objectives were met. On the basis of the objectives, five hypotheses (H) and two research questions (VO) were identified. H1: The received information is profitable for the mothers, the hypothesis was vindicated, 96 % of the mothers found the received information profitable. H2: Mothers are interested in giving a massage in the postpartum ward, the hypothesis was not vindicated, 11 % of the mothers were interested in massaging their infants while hospitalized. H3: From the mothers?? point of view, the most estimated benefit of massaging their physiological new-borns was evoking relaxation and comfort, the hypothesis was vindicated, 94 % of the mothers mentioned that the most estimated benefit is evoking relaxation and comfort of their infants. H4: Mothers are also interested in performing massages at home; the hypothesis was confirmed ? 54 % of the mothers perform massages at home. H5: As viewed by the mothers, the biggest benefit of child massages at home is to induce relaxation and well-being; the hypothesis was confirmed ? 84 % of the mothers said the biggest benefit of child massages at home achieved was to induce relaxation and well being of their children. VO1: How do mothers perform child massages at home? Mothers who give massages to their babies at home mostly comply with proper procedure and technique of massages. Hypothesis 1 was defined for the research question: The demonstration of massage procedure to mothers in the maternity hospital was sufficient for proper massages performed at home. VO2: What are the benefits of massage as viewed by the mothers? The mother sees the benefits of massages mainly for their children to whom massages bring positive effects both physically and mentally. This is a great benefit for the mothers themselves. Hypothesis 2 was defined for the research question: The mothers are happy to get acquainted with new developments in the care of their children if they can see positive results in the satisfaction of their children. Findings from the research could be used to improve care for neonates not only at the Puerperium Department of Nemocnice Strakonice, a.s. but also in other health facilities where the clients come first and where the staff is willing to introduce any changes to the existing care. The results of the research could also attract considerable attention of private midwives who come into contact with mothers during pregnancy and give them the first and sometimes the most important information in the care of the baby.
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Specific features of nursing care provided to members of the Church of Scientology.
MATOUŠKOVÁ, Eva
The Church of Scientology was officially registered in Los Angeles in 1954. It is present in more than 150 countries of the world, and is professed by over 8 million people. The founder of the movement is the American author of science fiction and fiction, Laffayete Ron Hubbard, who conducted research in the sphere of the human spirit, summarised in his books "Dianetics". Later on, he focused his research on spiritual beings and their abilities. This gave rise to an applicable religious philosophy - Scientology. It has not been possible to register the Church of Scientology officially in the Czech Republic so far, and therefore it acts as the civil association of "Dianetické centrum" (the Dianetic Centre). The number of its members and sympathisers in this country is not very high, reaching approximately 800 persons. Still, it is important for us to know the differences of this minority, to be able to provide its members with nursing care corresponding to their specific needs. This subject is dealt with by the multi-cultural nursing care studying cultures and religions from the point of view of nursing practice. In connection with globalisation, this subject becomes even more topical. The national, cultural and ethnic structure of the population undergoes gradual changes and the number of foreigners legally residing in the territory of the Czech Republic keeps growing. For this reason, it is important even for nurses to be prepared and have at least the minimum knowledge of multi-cultural / trans-cultural nursing care that will enable them to provide adequate nursing care respecting the specifics in question. The objective of my thesis is to get to know the specific features of nursing care provided to members of the Church of Scientology and to establish the specific features of their life style. To meet the objectives, I set five research questions. Research question 1: Do members of the Church of Scientology have specific needs when they are being provided nursing care? Research question 2: What is the attitude of members of the Church of Scientology to the health care provided in the Czech Republic? Research question 3: Do members of the Church of Scientology have specific spiritual needs? Research question 4: What attitude do members of the Church of Scientology have towards their health? Research question 5: Do members of the Church of Scientology have a specific life style? To collect data for fulfilling my research objectives and obtaining answers to the research questions, I applied the method of qualitative research. To conduct the qualitative research I used the technique of a semi-structured interview with the members of the Church of Scientology attending the Dianetic Centre in Prague. The interview contained altogether 46 questions divided into four areas, and the participants were four men and four women of different ages and different lengths of being members of the Church. The qualitative examination established the main and most distinct specific feature in providing nursing care to members of the Church of Scientology, which is maintaining silence at the time when human mind is weakened. Further, the research showed that scientologists respect physicians and do not exclude them in cases of accidents or danger of life. They normally undergo preventive examinations and do not object to being vaccinated provided that they are supplied with sufficient information. The only exception is psychiatry. Being provided with assists constitutes the only spiritual need, and the Church of Scientology has no specifics in terms of diet. This thesis may be used as a study material for general nurses and students of nursing studies, to expand knowledge in the field of multi-cultural / trans-cultural nursing care, which will facilitate providing culture-specific nursing care to members of this religious minority.
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Survey and assessment of the National museum building in Prague
Drdácký, Miloš ; Slížková, Zuzana
The report presents results of a complex survey of the health conditions and damages and failures of the building of the National museum in Prague. It further summarizes scientific investigations of the loads, namely of winds in situ as well as on models in a climatic wind tunnel where also soiling was tested. The results of material analyses and public attitude to soiling and failures on the façade are involved, too. The report has a rich photographic annex.
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Economical aspects of health care services and risks connected with legalization of euthanasia
Stehlíková, Jana ; Kuba, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Matula, Miloš (referee)
The thesis deals with legalization of active euthanasia, its main impacts for the whole society, potential abuse and some basic concerns of specialist of various profession related to euthanasia. The thesis is focused on the medical, economic, legal and religious point of view of euthanasia and defines crucial approaches of the defenders and defendant of euthanasia. Special emphasis is on the attitude of doctors, whose opinions on legalization of active euthanasia vary. The thesis denies legalization of active euthanasia as a good solution for patients which are incurable ill or dying, calls attention to keeping the right to live in current form and disagrees with the economical argument that euthanasia is cheap and fast solution for complicated situation of the health service.
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Epidemiological situation of scabies incidence in the Czech Republic within period 2003 - 2012
KUCHAŘOVÁ, Eliška
Theoretical part of dissertation was written on the basis of studying professional literature. It provides overview of Scabies disease, its epidemiological incidence, transmission, clinical course, diagnostics and also of its treatment. Practical part was formed retrospectively by qualitative research and secondary data analysis. These data were collected from different publications from the State Health Institute in Prague and the Health Information and Statistics Institute in the Czech Republic. The main aim of this dissertation was analyzing the trend of scabies incidence in the Czech Republic within ten years period (2003 2012). Moreover the practical part of this dissertation contains information related to trends of scabies incidence in individual districts of the Czech Republic depending on age, sex, team, seasonal index, or epidemiological scabies incidence as occupational disease. Linear regression was used to assess the incidence trend. Subsequently correlations were ascertained by using method of correlation coefficient calculation. In the research it was found that registered scabies incidence seems to more likely be decreasing from the beginning of followed period (i.e. from the beginning of 2003). According to the seasonal index the most common incidence of this disease within followed period was in October. On the other hand the lowest scabies incidence was in June. The highest sickness rate was recorded in the district Ústí nad Labem with almost 50 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. Scabies as occupational disease belongs to the most common recorded transmissible and parasitic disease in the Czech Republic, mainly at nurses in the hospitals, attendants in retirement homes, in internal wards and in social care institutes. The highest incidence rate was notified in age categories from 5 to 9 years. There exists strong positive linear correlation between scabies incidence and age. Epidemiological scabies incidence in the Czech Republic had two main peaks during period 1965 2012, in 1970 and 1993.
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Quality of life and social support in patients with diabetic foot disease
Hubertová, Lucie ; Šivicová, Gabriela (referee) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor)
Summary:Diabetic foot disease is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus that is associated with averse sequelae and high costs. The study was focused on psychic and social aspects of quality of life. The aims of this study were following: (i) the description of the quality of life in patients with diabetic foot disease by comparing their quality of life with that of a sample from the healthy population; (ii) characterization of social support in patients with diabetic foot disease by comparing subgroup living with partner and a subgroup living without partner; (iii) the examination of depressive symptoms in patients with diabetic foot disease by comparing severity of depressive symptoms with that of a sample from the healthy population; (iv) the description of psychosocial aspects of diabetic foot disease - limitation of daily activities, interpersonal problems and emotional burden due to problems with foot (v) to examine association between some psychosocial aspects (i.e. social support, limitation of daily activities, interpersonal problems and emotional burden), and severity of depressive symptoms. The study discovered that the patients with diabetic foot disease had significantly lower scores in physical health and psychological health domains of quality of life in comparison to than health people....
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