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Long-term monitoring of mechanical damage on historical structures
Zíma, Pavel
Important information for the risk assessment of some damages on the historical structures represents data of failure development. Cracks in the load-bearing walls are one of the observed failures. This article focuses on remarkable method of damage measurement, their long-term monitoring and devices used for measurement
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The agricultural drought monitoring and its users and correspondents
Bartošová, Lenka ; Trnka, Miroslav ; Semerádová, Daniela ; Hlavinka, Petr ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Zahradníček, Pavel ; Žalud, Z.
Drought monitoring in the Czech Republic is a key element in climate monitoring. The aim of this article is to describe the possible participation of agronomists, foresters and fruiterers in drought monitoring within the Integrated Drought Monitoring System. This system monitor drought occurence weekly on the base of various information (data from model SoiClim or outputs from satellite Aqua and Terra). One of the main pillar of the monitor is also information about drought impact on yields in the cooperation with especially farmers. Their expert assessment brings insight into actual situation in agricultural landscape in weekly time step. All results are free to download in www.intersucho.cz.
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Monitoring of volatile substances in the fish
Vojáček, Filip ; Urbanová, Klára (advisor)
This Bachelor thesis deals with post-mortem biochemical processes in fish. The theoretical part is focused on describing the ongoing changes in fish and the production of volatile compounds in different species of fish during post mortem changes. Experimental part is focused on monitoring and chemical analysis of volatile compounds from fish under various storage conditions. The analysis is performed on the basis of gas chromatography with mass detector.
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Environmental variables acquisition and evaluation
Ulrych, Vladislav ; Vasilenko, Alexandr (advisor)
The first part of thesis is devoted to the environment of the room in which is monitoring device intended - server room. There are description of calculating algorithms for proper sizing of cooling due to the heat. Further in this part is description of suitable senzors for monitoring device - physical principle, their proper use and meaning. Theoretical part also contains a list of several available ready commercial solutions of monitoring stations and their characteristics.
The second part is devoted to the assembly of monitoring device - physical build of hardware components, preparation s and connecting sensors, operating system installation, configuration and network preparation. The second part contains also instaling web server and configuration parts, that allows amek a web interface with presentation of measured physical quantities. Integration device with Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) for use with Zabbix monitoring system. Output from this work can be used for monitoring fundamental physical quantities in a small server room or in switch room.
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Management Accounting as a Source of Information in a Chosen Company
Karban, Lukáš ; Lörinczová, Enikö (advisor) ; Miroslav, Miroslav (referee)
Managerial accounting as an information source in the unit of account will be assessed in a particular agricultural company with more than twenty years of history. The company is engaged in both crop and livestock productions and its turnover exceeds the limit of 250 million Czech crowns.
The first section summarizes the findings from the professional literature, legal regulations and partly findings from my own experience too. The characteristic of the monitored company, including the interrelationship among different types of production is shown in the next part. Description of individual production processes is important for further monitoring of the use of management accounting, including its coherence with the production as a source of information for decision making.
On the basis of these chapters managerial accounting use will be described and further evaluated. Managerial accounting will be evaluated in the areas of planning and decision-making. Further, in the area of calculation, cost allocation and coding of individual cost items for specific performances.
At the end procedures of managerial accounting use in the monitored accounting unit are evaluated and some recommendations, including suggestions for possible improvements are described.
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The impact of agricultural and anthropogenic activities on Lhotický and Vitický stream in the watershed of the river Želivka
Jakešová, Helena ; Charvátová, Helena (advisor) ; Petrů, Anita (referee)
Every small watercourse is part of the balance in nature. Human activity affects the quality and the physico chemical composition of water. Man is changing riverbeds and hydrological conditions of the environment. This bachelor thesis evaluates the chemical composition of experimental flows of the Lhotický stream and the Vitický stream of the Želivka river basin in the Křemešník Highlands. Doing field research, monitoring and evaluating the results of water samples is carried out to find the influence of human activities on the quality and composition of water. The area is anthropogenically influenced mainly by sewage water in the municipalities where sewage treatment plants are missing. Agricultural activity causes contamination along the entire length of the flow. The streams do not have a treated bed, overflowing is possible in numerous floodplains, the impact of pollution is mitigated by riparian vegetation.The monitored indicators rank the experimental flows into the lowest class. In the area, maintaining a healthy ecosystem is possible.
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Most important pathogenic fungi in The National Park Bohemian Switzerland
Tiler, Michal ; Pešková, Vítězslava (advisor) ; Šrůtka, Petr (referee)
Abstract
This diploma thesis evaluates about the current state of health of forests in the National Park Czech Switzerland. The aim was explored the most pathogenic fungi found in the national
park and was determined their distribution, meaning a major threat for trees of the area.
The first part describes about the fungal pathogen found in the national park. And presents their description, biology, symptoms of damage and, ultimately, their seriousness and protection. Second part describes the most important trees of the field. In the National Park are the most important spruce, Scots pine, silver fir and hardwoods are mainly beech. The third part describes a self-monitoring and survey identified fungal pathogens based on field research. Important pathogens are from genus Armillaria, types Lophodermium pinastri , Lophodermium seditiosum, Lophodermium piceae, Meloderma desmazieria and Hymenoscyphus fraxineus.
The final section assesses the condition of health of trees. For that assessment was used defoliation. The assessment was performed in stands of spruce, ash and fir. There were assessed 348 specimens with average defoliation of spruce 43.5%, 194 specimens with average ash defoliation 51.2% and for fir´s 71 specimens was average 52.7% defoliation.
Work submitted actual, comprehensive overview about the state of health of forests in the National Park Czech Switzerland in terms of possible danger from fungal pathogens. No fungal species are found currently significantly jeopardizes the health status of assessed trees.
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A Comparison of Bird Abundance in Differet Types of Rural Settlements along the Czech-Austrian Border
Machynková, Kateřina ; Zasadil, Petr (advisor) ; Kočicová, Pavlína (referee)
In the nesting season 2015, the differences between abundances of 11 selected synanthropic species were monitored in village housing development and agricultural buildings on both sides of Czech-Austrian border in the area of Třeboň and in the Gmünd district. There were 20 municipalities chosen for this research, from whom half were in the Czech Republic and the other half in Austria. Two squares 100 x 100 m were demarcated in each village, of which one was situated mostly in the residential and the other in the agricultural area. The monitored species were house sparrow, Eurasian tree sparrow, Eurasian collared dove, European greenfinch, European serin, black redstart, European goldfinch, common linnet, common starling, white wagtail and common chaffinch. Other factors, such as poultry breeding, coverage of greenery (of herb layer, bushes and trees), the proportion of old and new housing development, etc. were monitored as well.
The number of identified species in the square and also their total abundance were significantly higher in the Czech Republic. Regarding individual species, the most noticeable difference in abundance was observed with Eurasian tree sparrow (in the Czech Republic 151 individuals, in Austria 37 individuals), followed by house sparrow (in the Czech Republic 217 individuals, in Austria 123 individuals). Significant difference was also proved with Eurasian collared dove. The most numerous detected species were in general both kinds of sparrow. Furthermore, the abundance of detected species was compared also between residential building areas in the centre of a village and the agricultural buildings on its outskirts. Significant difference was observed only with house sparrow and Eurasian collared dove, both species preferred the centre of a village, on both sides of the border. For the house sparrow he was also a statistically significant difference in the density of development in the monitored squares on the numbers in the Czech Republic. In Austria, a significant difference in percentual representation of tree and shrub layer in the monitored squares on abundance.
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Importance of quarries for invertebrate diversity in fragmented landscapes at national level
Králíčková, Hana ; Kadlec, Tomáš (advisor) ; Štrobl, Martin (referee)
The landscape not only in the Czech Republic was changed into the large units and began to be quite impenetrable. Some types of habitat disappeared from there, which means a big problem for the species with extremely adapted life demands. They need for their life for example heated rocks, quicksand, sparse steppe grasslands and other habitats in early successional stages. Postindustrial areas provide just these conditions and therefore they become a place of their copious occurrence of the invertebrates. Some species in the Czech Republic were cannot find recently anywhere else than at these locations. Quarries provide different types of habitats for e.g. butterflies which need these conditions for their development, reproduction and life. Within the Czech Republic 20 already inactive quarries and 20 adjacent control areas without quarry were selected and there were monitored especially butterflies and nocturnal insects. The goal was to determine whether the presence of a quarry increasing diversity of invertebrates on the local scale. Monitoring was performed at each site four times and obtained data were statistically analyzed. It was found 23 endangered species from the 110 recorded species of diurnal Lepidoptera and other similarly interesting records from other groups. For example Satyrium ilicis was found in a quarry near the village Černotín which is critically endangered. Considerable variations were observed from the overall comparison of abundance and species richness at the sites containing the quarry and the localities which did not include a quarry. The surrounding countryside of quarries there were found greater number of species and higher numbers of individuals than in control areas. In quarries or their nearby areas were observed 19 endangered species which were more numerous than in control areas where there were only 11. The effects on habitat selection had the way of wintering and habitat requirements of each species. It is evident that the quarries with the termination of mining in the modern landscape can play an important role in the development of biodiversity.
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Occurrence of invasive plant species on slected locations of north-eastern part of Prague
Šebesta, Václav ; Holec, Josef (advisor) ; Václav, Václav (referee)
This thesis deals with the invasive plants in the northeastern part of the Prague. Data were obtrained from the monitoring during September 2015. The nomenclature of the species were united by Key to the Flora of the Czech Republic by Kubát et al. (2002).
A total of 18 species were found in 561 locations. The most numerous species from all locations include: Conyza canadensis (207 locations), Solidago canadensis (147), Robinia pseudoacacia (125), Symphoricarpos albus (89) and Parthenocissus inserta (77). The least numerous are: Pinus strobus (1), Reynoutria bohemica (6), Impatiens parviflora (7) and Rhus hirta (9). Five species from the designed species list were not found: Heracleum mantegazzianum, Reynoutria sachalinensis, Impatiens glandulifera, Senecio inaequidens and Rudbeckia laciniata.
Species that were most represented along the roads include: Solidago canadensis and S. gigantea, Conyza canadensis and Aster lanceolatus and A. novi-belgii.
Invasive species occurred in 75.6% in sunny locations, in 17% in the penumbra and in 7.5% in the shadow. In dry or drier water regime were found 90.5% of the species. 94.5% of the species were found in sandy and loamy soil. Low degree of coverage up to 10% of the area was found in about 50% sites of invasive species occurrence, average degree were 30% was found in 25% and a high degree of coverage was found in 25% sites of invasive species occurrence.
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