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Complexes of Cationic Porphyrins with Nucleic Acids Studied by Surface Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy
Lásková, Barbora ; Mojzeš, Peter (advisor) ; Michl, Martin (referee)
Complexes of cationic porphyrins with nucleic acids are interesting from the point of view of delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides into cells as well as for photodynamic therapy of cancer. Diploma thesis deals with study of the complexes of cationic metalloporphyrin CuTMPyP4 with poly(dG-dC)2, where intercalation of porphyrin within polynucleotide's base pairs is supposed and with poly(dA-dT)2, poly(dA)·poly(dT), in which external groove-binding of CuTMPyP4 on the helix is assumed. The measurements were made by SERRS, RRS and absorption spectroscopies. From the time evolution of the SERRS spectra for each complex it was found, that intensity of SERRS spectra and rate of SERRS kinetics for complexes fall short of intuitive supposition about low SERRS signal and its slow increasing in the case of intercalation of porphyrin, because for complex of CuTMPyP4 with poly(dG-dC)2, the SERRS kinetic are very fast and final SERRS signal is more intense than for poly(dA-dT)2, poly(dA)·poly(dT). Comparing the SERRS and RRS spectra of the complexes it was found that SERRS spectra correspond to the porphyrin molecules released from the complexes rather that to the entire complexes. Study of various colloidal systems used for SERRS measurements revealed that SERRS signal evolves with time of exposition, namely for...
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Selected parts of Construction-Technological Project - SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL PARK TRIANGL
Výstup, Petr ; Štěrba, Martin (referee) ; Čech, David (advisor)
The topic of this diploma thesis deals with the solution of selected parts of building technology design of Scientific and Technical Park Triangl that is planned to be constructed in Uherske Hradiste. This complex of buildings will be used for civil, administrative and residential purposes. The thesis describes creation of foundation constructions, design of reinforced concrete frames, transportation of building materials and machinery to the building site. This thesis also contains a design and a technical report about facilities of the construction site, pre-defined mechanical assembly, control and test plans and the budgets and schedules of the construction work. Required applications to carry out the construction, suggestions for reinforcement of the foundation construction as well as financial costs are also included in the thesis.
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Possibility of using VIS - NIR spectroscopy for predicting the properties of forest soils
Kratina, Josef ; Borůvka, Luboš (advisor) ; Lucie, Lucie (referee)
The aim of this PhD thesis was an objective assessment of application of VNIR spectroscopy for predicting properties of forest soils. For each soil property were found the most appropriate combination of statistical methods for pre-processing (continuum removal, 1. derivation, 2. derivation) and processing (PLSR, PCR, SVM) of certain spectral bands. As generally successful shows a combination of methods 1. derivation and support vector machine throughout the VNIR spectral range (400-2500 nm). In some cases, however, they proved to other models. Among the best predictable features include pH, content of oxidizable carbon, aluminum, iron, silicon, or calcium (at higher concentrations). Not very high success rate prediction was found in indicators that take low values (sodium, manganese, aluminum or ferrous complexes). The results show that VNIR spectroscopy method is applicable for predicting properties of forest soils. It can not completely replace traditional analysis, but it can very well complement, especially in practice. For example, when the soil mapping can help thicken network data and refine the information better than other methods of spatial estimation. It is applicable in cases where it is required large amounts of data in a short timeframe and at minimal cost. It is suitable for monitoring trends over time, or for a quick survey of an area.
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The importance of vitamin D and calcium in the human diet
Bártová, Magdaléna ; Hejtmánková, Alena (advisor) ; Michlová, Tereza (referee)
Vitamin D refers to a group of fat soluble steroids. The most important forms are
cholecalciferol occurring in foods of the animal origin and ergocalciferol of the plant origin. Human
accept them in the diet; the fatty fishes, fish liver, and some other foods like milk, eggs or yeasts are
rich resources of vitamin D. Unlike the other vitamins, the synthesis of vitamin D can also take place
in the living body. Cholecalciferol is formed in the skin from its precursor 7 - dehydrocholesterol by
the effect of UVB radiation. The conversion efficiency depends on various factors.
Two successive reaction steps are necessary for the activation of vitamin D. The first step of
hydroxylation occurs in the liver to be formed calcidiol. Calcidiol is the principal form of vitamin D in
the blood acting also as the indicator of body supplies. The second one takes place in the kidneys
where calcidiol is transformed to calcitriol. Calcitriol is assumed as the active hormonal form of
vitamin D binding to the receptor for vitamin D - VDR. The best known and the most explored
function is the effect of vitamin D on the calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Consequently, vitamin
D also influences the proper functions of muscles and the immune system. It reduces the risk of the
cancer and cardiovascular diseases by various mechanisms as well. However, there are assumed
another effects of vitamin D on the human body, which are not fully yet understood and are the subject
for further research.
Calcium constitutes the major mineral component of bones and teeth. It is an essential nutrient
and therefore it is necessary to supply it with food. Its content in foods is various as well as its
usability from these. The major resources of calcium are milk and dairy products. Calcium is also
present in eggs, mineral waters, certain fishes and food of plant origin. Especially, the plant resources
usability of calcium is limited because of the insolubility of some calcium complexes. Calcium is
essential for the composition structure of bones and teeth. Besides of structural function, it has a main
role in the blood coagulation, neuromuscular transmission or muscle contraction.
Vitamin D has an influence on the usability of calcium because of the efficiency increase of
calcium absorption in the intestine. The lack of both micronutrients leads to skeletal diseases -
osteoporosis, osteomalacia and rickets. The adequate intake of both essential part of food, vitamin D
and calcium, is important especially for the growing children, elderly people, and pregnant and
lactating women.
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Molecular dynamics simulations of complexes consisting of proteins and nucleic acids
Hammer, Jiří ; Barvík, Ivan (advisor) ; Obšil, Tomáš (referee)
The goal of this diploma thesis was to study interactions of Argonaute (Ago) protein in a complex with nucleic acids. Based on the available crystal structures of full length Argonaute (from A. aeolicus, Aa-Ago) and/or its domains (human PAZ domain, Hs-PAZ), twelve different simulations were computed. Two initial simulations used model of Aa-Ago with either a duplex of DNA/RNA or RNA/RNA. Major difference was in behavior of the PAZ domain (especially its arginine residues), which tolerated the guide DNA in one simulation, but was disturbing the RNA guide strand in the second. Such an interaction could serve as a mechanism of the substrate recognition. In additional simulations (3-9) employing the Hs-PAZ domain, where no disturbance was found in the DNA/RNA hetero-duplex. Different arrangements of the active site geometry as well as empirical parameterizations of Mg2+ ion were probed and analyzed. The DD-catalytic motif plus D683 in Aa-Ago (equivalent to H807 in human Argonaute2) was observed to coordinate the Mg2+ ion in one and two metal ion dependent catalysis models. Highly conserved R570 and E578 created mutual hydrogen bonds and hence stabilized the active site. To make the cleavage irreversible, a role for the first (unpaired) nucleotide from 5'-end of the guide strand was suggested. It lies in a...
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Multifunctional Centre of Civil Activities
Novák, Pavel ; Hubáček, Petr (referee) ; Hubáčková, Blažena (advisor)
The masters thesis dealt with reconstruction of the complex military garages built in the mid 20th century. The site is located in Brno, close to Peace Square, Lerchova 915/62, Brno-Stránice, 602 00 Brno. Area of land area is 5,384.25 square meters. Reconstruction involves two detached single-storey buildings, the street Lerchova object and the object at the Valley Street. The goal is the maximum possible use of existing quality substructure, which is a combination of internal reinforced concrete frame and brick outer shell. The work is divided into a comprehensive layout of both buildings and detailed sub-project for the construction project on a subject at street Lerchova. Reconstruction of the resolves completely change the layout and especially the concept of architectural design. In terms of architecture, wider relations into account the existing development, which tries to resemble the representation. The building is at street Lerchova basement one floor, built up area is 620.5 square meters. Reconstruction of superstructure solves one floor, making new pitched roof and building a walkway that allows connection between the two objects. Revitalization is due on the requirements of the public and addresses the widespread use of indoor and outdoor spaces as much as possible. It is particularly emphasized promote leisure activities not only public, but especially young people and support for education, mental and physical, education and counseling. We can not forget easily to most complex space by persons with limited mobility.
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Effect of Camellia sp. on dairy matrix digestion
Scholzová, Tereza ; Potůčková, Miroslava (advisor) ; Vladimír, Vladimír (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to summarise of current knowledge about the effects and biological properties of the substances contained in leaves of Camellia sinensis, their digestion and their effect on the digestion of dairy matrices. Camellia sinensis is a plant, which is used to tea production. Tea is manufactured by fermentation of tea leaves and according to its degree it is possible to prepare different kinds of this product. The best known are green, black and oolong tea. Beverages prepared from tea leaves contain many bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, free amino acids, proteins and vitamins. However, the most important are polyphenolic substances flavonoids, which are also the major bioactive constituents of tea. These compounds have many pharmacological properties such as antiatherosclerotic, antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral, hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic.
The effect of milk on the biological activity of tea polyphenols has been a subject of many studies but the mechanism by which the antioxidant activity of this compounds affect milk and dairy products and especially their digestion process has not been fully understood yet. It was found that flavonoids can interact with proteins rich in prolin, including also casein, via covalent and noncovalent interactions, especially by hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds. The resulting complexes may destabilize protein molecules and cause their precipitation, thereby their digestibility is improved. On the contrary, stable complexes protect polyphenols from autooxidation. Interesting is also crosslinking effect of green tea flavonoids on milk proteins. These substances also have the ability to form complexes with lipids and lipolytic enzymes and so decrease lipids digestion and absorption, including the milk fat and its accompanying components such as cholesterol. It was also observed reduced absorption of other fat-soluble substances like persistent organic compounds.
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