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Is import of goods from european countries to Czech republic more or less influenced by changes in nominal and real exchange rates than in non european countries?
Vereš, Jan ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Slaný, Martin (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the connection between import of goods from foreign countries to Czech Republic and the exchange rate changes. The initial hypothesis of this paper is to prove that the depreciation of domestic currency has positive influence on balance of trade balance. For this purpose there is eight econometric models which were created by using time series from years 2003 to 2016. These models are divided in pairs among four chosen countries. For each country two models were created that follow the development of trade balance between Czech Republic and one of the countries in two different time frames. All the models always use the real effective exchange rate, growth rate of GDP for Czech Republic and growth rate of GDP for one of the countries as explanatory variable. It is connected with the second task of this thesis, which is the analysis of the differences in the behaviour of the models that belong to the countries which are members of the EU and these that are not. The aim is to find out whether the existence of tariffs on imported goods from countries out of the EU causes visible differences in the behaviour of the variables that were included in the models. Based on the outcomes of all eight models the main hypothesis has been proved right for three out of four countries. In the models for Germany, China and France the relation of real exchange rate and trade balance came out as positive in long term, in short term the outcome was ambiguous. The second question of this thesis has been answered, but its added value is questionable. The final models for each state do show some noticeable differences and they can be used to determine if the influence of the change of exchange rates on trade balance is smaller or bigger in the countries where tariffs are used. On the other hand, from the results we can learn that the sample of only four countries is insufficient for the deduction of any conclusions.
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Reaction of selected varieties of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) on the application of fungicides
Vojík, Jan ; Bečka, David (advisor) ; Michal, Michal (referee)
Oilseed rape i sone of the most important crops in the world. I tis the most important oil crop in Czech Republic. I the last 50 years it had undergone large change in breedeng. Ratio of grown hybrids at present tops the open pollinated lines ( planning for harvest in 2016 saw 88% hybrids and only 12% of lines). There are quite important differences between varieties in tolerance to fungal diseases and not only to them. There are first varieties marketed with gene of pot shatter tolerance and others. The pressure of fungal diseases grows due to growing planting area of the rape.
Trials with oil seed rape were established in the growing season 2014/15 on four varieties and two locations. We tested following hybrids: Arsenal (Limagrain), DK Exstorm (Monsanto), Jumper (Bayer), SY Cassidy (Syngenta). The locations were in the district Jičín farm AGRO Slatiny a.s., and in the district Kolín farm ZD Křečhoř a.s.. On each location were planted two trial variants 1) without fungicide application 2) with the application of fungicides. On the location Slatiny were applied three fungicides (Toprex, Paroli, Propulse), on the location Křečhoř also three fungicides (Toprex, Magnello, Amistar XTRA).
The aim of the bachelor study was to test growth yield and qualitative parameters of the varieties together with observation of fungal diseases and their influence on yield and oil content. We were testing the infestation of following diseases Phoma lingam, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Verticilium dahlie Botrytis cinerea.
Hybrid DK Exstorm (195cm) was the tallest variety on both locations followed by hybrid Arsenal (193,5 cm). By number of branches was the best ranked variety hybrid Arsenal, the lowest was SY Cassidy. On fungicide treated variants grew number of pods per m2 by average 6% on both locations. Average yield vas slightly higher in location Křečhoř in both variants, treated (70kg) and untreated (50 kg). On both locations was visible difference between treated and untreated variants. Yield increase was in average 5,4% (200kg/ha). Varieties with best reaction to fungicide treatment were DK Exstorm (Monsanto) and Jumper (Bayer). Fungicide application influenced also crop height, number of branches and pods per m2.
Following conclusions are made in the bachelor study:
- Fungicide application increased yield in average by 5,4% (i.e.200 t/ha) and improwed the health of the crop.
- DK Exstorm and Jumper were varieties with the best reaction on the fungicide treatmentArsenal (4,37 t/ha) was the best yileding variety on both locations followed by hybrid Jumper (4,27 t/ha).
- Arsenal is the recomended variety for both locations Křečhoř and Slatiny
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Analysis and modification of thin layers using ion beams
Jonner, Jakub ; Lörinčík, Jan (referee) ; Bábor, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with analysis and modification of thin layers using ion beams. The first part of this diploma thesis deals with phenomena accompanying ion beam bombardment of solid matter. The second part of this diploma thesis is concerned with Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) and Low Energy Ion Scattering (LAIS). This work convey some basic information about these two techniques and it also deals with some benefits result in their connection into parallel depth profiling mode (such as better depth resolution of the LEIS profile, quantification of the SIMS). These benefits are demonstrated on MoSi film measurement. Within the framework of this thesis a new UHV manipulator was designed. This new UHV manipulator is equipped with precise stepper UHV motor and since the proportions are smaller, the manipulation with a sample in a space limited UHV chamber is much more comfortable and more precise. The third part of this diploma thesis deals with ion-beam induced transformation of epitaxially grown Fe films with thickness of 22 monolayer (ML) and 44 ML on Cu(100) single crystal at room temperature. Metastable Fe films of 22 ML thickness were prepared in CO pressure and 44 ML Fe films were prepared by co-evaporation of Fe with Fe64Ni36 (invar). Structural changes are analyzed by scanning tunneling microscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. The aim of this thesis is to discuss the influence of the sputtering parameters such as ion dose and ion energy on the nucleation of bcc nanocrystals, their growth, final shape and size. The influence of different Ni concentration on stability of 44 ML thick Fe films is also discussed.
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The first land reform 1919
Korolus, Václav ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
The interwar Czechoslovak agrarian reform was put in motion to improve national agriculture production by way of the redistribution of the estates. The second goal was to eliminate the unwanted influence of the foreign (German and Hungarian) landlords. This huge project was held from 1919 untill it was officialy ended in 1935, but the idea of the land reform was significant in Czechoslovakia for a much longer period (mostly after World War II. and during the restitution processes). The interwar landreform changed more than 29% of Czechoslovakia (more than 4 million hectares were confiscated). Approximately one half of this amount was assigned to the alienees, the second half remained in the hands of the former owners. Both of the main goals were accomplished by this huge transfer of property. The smallest homesteads were extended using the land from the largest estates and became more effective. The properties of the landlords were decreased in size by one half and their influence on the national economy was reduced. Despite some imperfections in the reform laws and how they were carried out, the main targets were accomplished and I assume this project was successful. Better outcomes could be reached only with different conditions, like a longer period of time. In a comparison of other similar reforms, the Czechoslovak land reform was the third largest (after Russian and Romanian).
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Implementation of active employment policy (OP RLZ - Priority 1) in the Central Region, with emphasis on Kladensko
Pachlová, Renata ; Kouřilová, Jana (advisor) ; Šťastná, Nikola (referee)
In the following dissertation I discuss the issue of European social resource as a main financial way for developing sphere of human resources. In this work is described the Operational Programme of Development of human resources (OP RLZ) that was realized in Czech republic in the year 2004-2006. In this Operational programme is this precedence:1: Interactive management of the employment. The next dissertation's part is focused to grant and national projects that were realized within the scope of this precedence at Středočeský district(county). Sequentially I indicate the realization of Interacive management of the employment at Kladno region. This region has specific position at Středočeský district because of the transformation of its economy in the 90th of last century that was influented by this changes so much (a bankrupt of Poldi Kladno factory, therefrom releasing of working forces and in the present high level of commute to capital). The emphasis of my dissertation is the evaluation of a realized projects that relate with precedence 1: Interacive management of the employment OP RLZ in Kladno region. An attention paid to: Efectivity of interactive management of the employment and its realization. Summary of advantage and disadvantage of realized projects. In terms of obtained informations are defined the recomendationes which should contribute to increasing done activities and its efectivity.
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Kvalita pečovatelských služeb na Rakovnicku
Habrcetlová, Lada ; Holmerová, Iva (advisor) ; Jurašková, Božena (referee)
The thesis "Quality of home help services in Rakovnicko" deals with the quality of home help services in the region of former administrative district Rakovník in the Central Bohemia Region of the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two main parts, theoretic and empiric. The theoretic part deals with the context of home help services. The changes in old age which develops in seniority are discussed. The attention is paid to social services which above all the seniors draw. In this part the definition, purpose, characteristics and division of social services are explained. Further the thesis deals with founders, providers and clients of social services. The area of home help services is described in more details from the historic and present point of view. The concept of home help services in use practise is integral part of it. The conclusion of theoretic part introduces the problems of quality in social services and quality in general. The introduction of the empiric part deals with the characteristics of home help services in Rakovnicko, where the research was carried out. Consequently the qualitative research which aim was to find which the indicators of quality of home help service are is described. For reaching the aim of qualitative research the method of questioning, technique of...
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A Monistic and dual organizational structure of a joint-stock company
Čížková, Jana ; Kříž, Radim (advisor) ; Hásová, Jiřina (referee)
The thesis deals with two types of organizational structure of a joint-stock company regard to changing legislation, effective from 1st January 2014. The work is initially focused on new type of organizational structure - a monistic organizational structure. It consists of the board of directors and the statutory director. The work explains the operation and scope of the company's bodies. The second type of organizational structure, which analyses the work, is dual organizational structure. It consists of the management board and the supervisory board. The work is based on the Civil Code and the Business Corporations Act.
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Differences between men and women in the Czech labour market
Stroukal, Dominik ; Kadeřábková, Božena (advisor) ; Pavelka, Tomáš (referee) ; Němec, Otakar (referee)
This thesis consists of five articles that apply current world research on labor economics at the Czech Republic and confirms the significant differences between men and women in this market. It shows that gender has a significant influence on the preference on the labor market and, consequently, on employment and health. First, the thesis shows that preferences are relevant determinant of career and then we study the difference in preference of salary for men and women. Subsequently it shows that gender plays a significant role in explaining the relationship between homeownership, and unemployment, as well as unemployment and health. The first chapter was able to demonstrate that the preference for a career has a positive influence on the choice of career. The influence of higher education on prioritizing career proved to be positive and significant. Probability of a career choice is reduced by the presence of children, however, is not dependent on their number, which is contrary to the theory of preferences. The second chapter shows that Czech women prefer more non-monetary rewards than men. It has also been shown that people with university education are same in the preferences of non-monetary rewards regardless of the gender of the respondents, however, compared to the world's research, the Czech higher education increases this preference. It turned out that women prefer risk less than men. The third chapter demonstrates that although the housing market undermines labor mobility and employment in the Czech Republic at the regional level, therefore, that in regions with a higher rate of home ownership is higher unemployment, at the individual level, the owners of housing are unemployed are less likely. The estimates are significantly different for men and women. Men living in owner-occupied housing have a higher likelihood of employment than women. At regional level, however, this thesis shows that the high rate of home ownership increases unemployment for both men and women, in the long run only to women. The fourth chapter showed that men transition to homeownership reduces the likelihood of unemployment next year. For women, this relationship has proved to be insignificant. In addition, as insignificant showed the opposite relationship, the transition from unemployment to the newly acquired home ownership. The last chapter shows that the change in the working status to unemployment will increase in the future probability of worse health. Influence in less than two years, however, proved to be significant. An important conclusion is that men have a significantly stronger relationship between health and unemployment than women.
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