|
Insect overwintering: physiological and biochemical adaptations to low temperatures
ROZSYPAL, Jan
Complex experimental data on insect adaptation for survival at low temperatures, with special reference to overwintering in temperate climate zone, are presented in this thesis. The cold tolerance strategies were examined in four species: the codling moth (Cydia pomonella), the bark beetle (Ips typographus), the red firebug (Pyrrhocoris apterus), and the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster). Two of these species, C. pomonella and I. typographus, are serious pests and knowledge on their overwintering biology is of great importance for development of pest management programs. Numerous physiological and biochemical parameters, such as supercooling point, thermal hysteresis between melting and freezing points, survival in supercooled and frozen states, osmolality of hemolymph, water and energy reserves, and detailed metabolomic composition of hemolymph and tissues were studied during cold season in the field-collected animals or analyzed in laboratory-acclimated animals in order to assess the insects' capacity for winter survival.
|
|
Analysis and modification of thin layers using ion beams
Jonner, Jakub ; Lörinčík, Jan (referee) ; Bábor, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with analysis and modification of thin layers using ion beams. The first part of this diploma thesis deals with phenomena accompanying ion beam bombardment of solid matter. The second part of this diploma thesis is concerned with Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) and Low Energy Ion Scattering (LAIS). This work convey some basic information about these two techniques and it also deals with some benefits result in their connection into parallel depth profiling mode (such as better depth resolution of the LEIS profile, quantification of the SIMS). These benefits are demonstrated on MoSi film measurement. Within the framework of this thesis a new UHV manipulator was designed. This new UHV manipulator is equipped with precise stepper UHV motor and since the proportions are smaller, the manipulation with a sample in a space limited UHV chamber is much more comfortable and more precise. The third part of this diploma thesis deals with ion-beam induced transformation of epitaxially grown Fe films with thickness of 22 monolayer (ML) and 44 ML on Cu(100) single crystal at room temperature. Metastable Fe films of 22 ML thickness were prepared in CO pressure and 44 ML Fe films were prepared by co-evaporation of Fe with Fe64Ni36 (invar). Structural changes are analyzed by scanning tunneling microscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. The aim of this thesis is to discuss the influence of the sputtering parameters such as ion dose and ion energy on the nucleation of bcc nanocrystals, their growth, final shape and size. The influence of different Ni concentration on stability of 44 ML thick Fe films is also discussed.
|
|
Monitoring of the Heart Frequence in the Classes Lift it
Vlasáková, Renáta ; Černá, Jana (advisor) ; Kaplan, Oldřich (referee)
Tittle (Thema works): Monitoring ofheart frequence in the classes Lift it Object: Evaluete an effect ofLift it exercise on enhancement the strenght endurance by monitoring heart -rate and recording an exercise load. Methods: We used longitudial monitoring ofheart-rate in Lift it exercise group. We made a control experiment with purpose to find effect of Lift it exercise on condition. Result of experiment was kvantitativly analyzed and interpreted to our hypothesis. Results: Results shows functional changes in whitch we did/didn't achieve in Lift it exercise group. Results shows low justness ofmonitoring heart-rate during this exercise and hight mean ofload recording and enhance training beat. Key words: Sporttester, Lift it, heart rate, exquisiteness ofweighting, mood, fitness, heart- rate zone.
|
|
Complexes of Cationic Porphyrins with Nucleic Acids Studied by Surface Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy
Lásková, Barbora ; Mojzeš, Peter (advisor) ; Michl, Martin (referee)
Complexes of cationic porphyrins with nucleic acids are interesting from the point of view of delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides into cells as well as for photodynamic therapy of cancer. Diploma thesis deals with study of the complexes of cationic metalloporphyrin CuTMPyP4 with poly(dG-dC)2, where intercalation of porphyrin within polynucleotide's base pairs is supposed and with poly(dA-dT)2, poly(dA)·poly(dT), in which external groove-binding of CuTMPyP4 on the helix is assumed. The measurements were made by SERRS, RRS and absorption spectroscopies. From the time evolution of the SERRS spectra for each complex it was found, that intensity of SERRS spectra and rate of SERRS kinetics for complexes fall short of intuitive supposition about low SERRS signal and its slow increasing in the case of intercalation of porphyrin, because for complex of CuTMPyP4 with poly(dG-dC)2, the SERRS kinetic are very fast and final SERRS signal is more intense than for poly(dA-dT)2, poly(dA)·poly(dT). Comparing the SERRS and RRS spectra of the complexes it was found that SERRS spectra correspond to the porphyrin molecules released from the complexes rather that to the entire complexes. Study of various colloidal systems used for SERRS measurements revealed that SERRS signal evolves with time of exposition, namely for...
|
|
Technological, economical and ecological aspects of high efficient cooling
Hort, Martin ; Peterka, Václav (referee) ; Píška, Miroslav (advisor)
The diploma thesis is aimed to the influence of the high-pressure and low-pressure coolant system according to the machining operation. The comparison was carried out with different types of materials and cutting tools using the main machining operations – turning, milling, and drilling. The study is focused on the chip and heat removal from the cutting zone, tools life and wear of the tools. A description of the basic principle of the high-pressure coolant system meant is described in this thesis. The economical analysis of the high-pressure compared to low-pressure system was determined in the last part of this work.
|
|
Diffusion of carbon in welding joints of low alloys and high alloy steels.
Zdvořáček, Marek ; Rek, Antonín (referee) ; Stránský, Karel (advisor)
Content of a document result measurements and analysis carbon´s diffusion at welding joint created from hight alloyed austenitic steel CSN 417242 and not alloyed steel CSN 412 050. Samples have been put throught isothermal anneal in a temperature range 500 °C up to 1100°C. Aim one´s effort to metalographyic quantification carburized and uncarburized zone. The next part of the document content measuring x-ray energy through microanalysis, where has been record course of a carbon disintegration and selected replacements elements at whole length of the welding joint . At the end of experimental part has been gauged course microhardness HV 0,05 at whole lenght of welding joint, from an acquired data has been chose the most optimal temperature of isothermal anneal, to produce the smallest structural notch.
|
|
Filament Winding Machine
Dorňák, Michal ; Hampl,, Štěpán (referee) ; Foller, Bronislav (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is the proposal of solution of three-axial winding machine for winding technology of rotary profile. Winding materials are continual springs of carbon, aramid or glass fibre impregnated by resin. The main construction change of the machine compared to commercial available solutions is the use of linear motor as a frame element instead of roller screws or toothed chain. Linear motors have higher dynamics of the movement and they can reach higher speed compared to other solutions, which guarantee increase of the machine productivity. The main importance is put not only on the functionality but also on the low price of this solution. The 3D model of the mechanism is created in the program Inventor 2009.
|
| |
|
Polyphase structural evolution of superstructure and infrastructure in orogenic zones
Peřestý, Vít ; Lexa, Ondrej (advisor) ; Pitra, Pavel (referee)
Polyphase structural evolution of superstructure and infrastructure in orogenic zones Proterozoic basement rocks of the Teplá-Barrandian Unit (TBU) are affected by two main tectono-metamorphic events. The central and SW part of the TBU is a well-preserved relict of Cadomian episode. On the other hand, the western margin of the TBU shows superposition of polyphase early-varicsan deformation and metamorphism onto the pre- variscan fabric. The Střela river profile in the northern part of Teplá Crystalline Complex (TCC) exposes a continuous crustal section through western margin of the TBU from the low-grade phyllites (near biotite izograd) in the east to the high-grade rocks of kyanite zone at the contact with high-pressure Mariánské-Lázně Complex (MLC). Three main deformation events were distinguished in the studied area and the cross-section is interpreted as a fossil (devonian) suprastructure-infrastructure transition zone preserved in the carboniferous TBU superstructure. The oldest pre-variscan D1 phase produced flat-lying metamorphic foliation showing normal metamorphic zonation from the very low-grade in the upper part to at least garnet zone in the structurally lower part. Large scale upright folding of prevariscan foliation S1 occurred during early-variscan D2 event. Tight F2 folds were...
|
|
View of today´s young people to opera and operatic production
Havránková, Petra ; Jonášová, Jana (advisor) ; Hajóssyová, Magdaléna (referee)
This work deals with a brief history of opera up to 21st century and briefly describes the opera houses in Prague. Reveals the painful political background of opera houses ans points to the unpleasant political situation of the Prague State Opera. I focus here on the musocal literacy of young people and I am trying to answer the question why today´s education in music is so low. The document includes also a small research that seeks to uncover the views of young people to opera and operatic production in this country. In the second chapter examined the information and describes my personal opinion as to how the situacion could be resolved. Finally I placed the thanks and look back at previous chapters.
|
guest ::
