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The value of life from macroenomic point of view in United States of America, Czech republic and Russia between years 2007-2014
Antoš, Michal ; Zeman, Martin (advisor) ; Brabec, Petr (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis is the research of the value of life calculation in the Czech republic, United states of America and Russia in 2007-2014.The main purpose is to analyze and compare values of life and major factors influencing them. The hypothesis is that value of life differs in selected countries due to distinctions of sections influencing them. The theoretical part is devoted to sections directly or indirectly influencing values of life, and then analyzing and comparing them together within the selected countries. The selected sections are education, health care, labor market, inequality and living standards. The practical thesis approach is to calculate the values of life for the individual states. The values of life are calculated for so called, representative individual, who is 40-years old citizen of selected country. In the period, in which is the value of life calculated, the retirement age and life expectancy are also considered in formula. Calculated values are examined and the economic and political measures are offered to the states, which can turn into significant increases in the value of life in future.
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Problematics of factors influencing juvenile delinquency
NYKLESOVÁ, Eva
The degree paper deals with the issues of juvenile delinquency and the factors which have impact on the origination of the juvenile delinquency. I have chosen this topic since it is a very serious problem and this phenomenon has been proliferating significantly. The crime in general, especially the juvenile delinquency, is a serious social-pathological phenomenon. Minors who do not reach the limit of criminal liability often became the offenders. In addition, the probability of threatening a young man by social pathological phenomena and his subsequent ``criminal career{\crqq} is currently much higher than ever before. To recognize the occurrence of risk factors among the youth in time it is necessary for the families, teachers, educators and all professionals working with the juveniles to acquire sufficient knowledge, information and experience and be able to work with the factors and fight against them in time. The theoretical part deals with the definition of the term ``youth{\crqq}, the personality of a young delinquent, structure of the juvenile delinquency, analyses of the risk factors which most frequently participate in the occurrence of juvenile delinquency, and outlines the possibilities of intervention against the juvenile delinquency and various kinds of prevention. The research is focused on the occurrence of risk factors among the young respondents and on protective factors and attitudes of the respondents in respect of the juvenile delinquency and the crime at all. Structured interviews were held with the youth which are placed in the reformatory or special correctional institutions in the territory of the Regional of Plzeň. The main objective of the degree paper is to describe the factors which significantly affect the occurrence of the juvenile delinquency and to map the occurrence and impact of such factors on the juveniles placed in the correctional and reformatory social retraining institutions in the Region of Plzeň. Hypothesis No. 1 is: The youth commit property crimes at the most. Hypothesis No. 2: The youth behave improperly namely when in groups. Hypothesis No. 3: The decisive factor affecting the juvenile delinquency is the family. I think that the objectives of the degree paper were fulfilled. Hypothesis No. 1 was confirmed. The respondents mostly stated that they were adjudicated treatment in special reformatory institution due to property crimes. Hypothesis No. 2 was also confirmed. The replies of the respondents mostly contained the possibility that they committed crime within a gang. Hypothesis No. 3 was confirmed, too: Analyses of the research proves that all factors participating in the occurrence of the juvenile delinquency are penetrated with the impact of the family and family environment on the juveniles. Results of the performed research will be used for further education of the students at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, as well as for the students of other auxiliary professions at other universities. The results will be further used as the source of information for parents and pedagogical professionals working with the youth and as source materials for seminars about the given topic.
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Comparison of Selected Impacts of New Frontier and Great Society Programs in 1960s
Kojan, Christian ; Johnson, Zdenka (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
This thesis deals with New Frontier and Great Society programs and their impact on social policy of the United States in the 1960s. The main goal of the thesis is to compare impact of both programs on selected indicators of standard of living with primary focus on the poverty rate. Thesis describes antipoverty measures of both programs and analyzes their impact on the standard of living. Hypothesis stating that the Great Society was more successful than New Frontier at reducing the poverty rate could not be proven true because of the immense influence of strong economic growth in the 1960s. Thesis suggests that the biggest success of both programs was the positive impact of the Great Society on education.
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The Public Attitude towards Preventive Oncology Examinations
KAULICHOVÁ, Markéta
The Public Attitude towards Preventive Oncology Examinations The object of this paper is to find out how laic and health professional public uses the potential of preventive oncology examinations and to uncover the barriers in use of these programs from the point of view of the laic and professional public. The public attitude towards preventive oncology examinations is more important these days as the incidence of oncology diseases is growing. Prevention is considered the principal in modern medicine, also from an economic point of view. The attitude of society towards its health is one of problematic public health areas, the attitude of self-responsibility and the underestimated meaning of primary prevention. Moreover, there is a psychological problem related to oncological diseases: the fear of positive findings and the fear of the disease itself which is traditionally connected with incurability, cruel pain and inevitable death. This notion is no longer true. A dictatorial doctor{\crq}s approach to patients in the past has been replaced with cooperative and more equal relation, where the patient takes part in decision making. However, doctors are too busy to find the proper way and proper extent of informing the patient or these doctors often underestimate the importance of a good way of giving this kind of information. This thesis presents current preventive care offered in the Czech Republic and it shows the negative bias towards cancer which is a stumbling block to a more successful fight against oncology diseases. This research was undertaken amongst laic and health public. Quantitative data collection was used in the form of questionnaires. The research file is made up of men and women over 18 years, with or without health occupation. The hypothesis was not proven that laic public use preventive oncology examinations more than health public. The laics use these programs less mostly due to lack of awareness about them. One of the most common obstacles in using preventive programs is the misunderstanding of prevention itself, when people contact a doctor only when they have problems. The results have also shown that laics are not satisfied with the activity of doctors in informing them and that laic public search for information is done less actively. This thesis can be used as a foundation for further discussion about problems of informing the public about preventive programs and for future education of health personnel within oncology matters.
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Hazards of HIV, What Know About Them the Secondery Young People in Česká Třebová
Záleská, Lenka ; Bernard, Josef (advisor) ; Urbánková, Olga (referee)
This thesis treats of the HIV virus and its hazards. It is composed of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part deals with the HIV virus, it clears up the history of its discovery and the ways of transmission. It also describes the development and classification of the HIV infection, makes clear the possibilities of therapeutics and emphasizes prevention. As one of the possibilities of prevention the peer education in the sphere of HIV/AIDS prevention is mentioned here. In the practical part the questionnaire is analysed which was filled in by students of the second and third years of several secondary schools in Česká Třebová. By means of the questionnaire it was found out how the students are informed of the HIV virus, if they know how to protect themselves from it, where they get information and who they would turn on if they wanted to learn something about the virus. Another point of research was to find out if the obtained knowledge is somehow reflected in the common life of the interviewed people and if they feel to be threatened by the virus. My aim was also to find out the students' opinions on some specific situations which are concerned with HIV, like for example having one-night affairs or taking drugs. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Administrative development of the village Cernice during the period of the First Czechoslovak Republic and in the initial phase of the occupation
Lišková, Sonja ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Janečková, Jitka (referee)
The thesis deals with the development of self-government of a small village Černice. The micro-historical research of municipal government is a key topic not only for understanding national history, but it's also useful as a basis for studying the origins of the current legislation and the activity of administrative bodies. Researching the development and various phenomenons of the society in the past often helps us to better understand the current attitudes and conclusions, as these are often derived from past experience. First of all, the work represents an outline of the history of first reference regarding the village. The following sections then characterize the development of a small village, located near the large city of Pilsen in modern times. It represents the village and it's development during the First Czechoslovak Republic, a significant part of Czech history, and describes the key turning points. The last part of the thesis is devoted to the life of citizens, education, religious life, culture and also activities of local associations and organisations.
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Problems relating to the visually handicapped pupils at Jaroslav Ježek School
Němeček, Tomáš ; Segeťová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Vindušková, Jitka (referee)
Title: Problems relating to the visually handicapped pupils at Jaroslav Ježek School Aim. of work: Mapping and evaluating the present sports possibilities of the visually handicapped pupils in the 2. stage of Jaroslav Ježek basic school in Prague. The aim is to concentrate on the facts that the pupils perceive as barriers and that hinder them from physical activities. Method: To reach the above mentioned aim there were compiled and sorted the necessary data. We made a survey for the pupils and furthermore we evaluated the acquired data. On the basis of the acquired information we proposed the enlargement of sports possibilities and proved them in practise. Results and conclusions: The school currently offers a wide portfolio of sports possibilities and thus both within the physical education lessons and in various sport clubs, and further by arranging the participation of the pupils in various republic sports competitions. The visually handicapped pupils have a chance to familiarize themselves with the basics of athletics, swimming, cycling, applied sports and physical games, traditional skiing, and also for example water sports, wall climbing, horse riding, in-line skating and other outdoor activities. The activities that tend to the compensation or reduction of the visual handicap or the weakened...
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Anti-Plague texts in the late Middle Ages and the Early modern period.
PAMPUSCHOVÁ, Marie
The theme of this work are late medieval and early modern time anti-plague treatises and official regulations against plague. In times when many countries and even continents were affected by plague, many city councils and rulers themself had the treatises printed in order to reduce the risk of transmission of the infection and development of the illness. The treatises adjusted regulations of towns and villages. These official decrees against plague were supplemented with plague treatises that were written for inhabitants of towns affected by black death. Many of them were written in Latin and therefore incomprehensible to uneducated people. It changed when a doctor Jan Černý wrote such a treatise in Czech language. The treatises advised not only how to prevent plague but also how to treat it. I divided my work into two parts. In the first part I describe particular plague epidemics that took place especially in Bohemia and Moravia. I progressed chronologically from antiquity to the 18th century and described whole course of epidemics in various regions. In the second part I focused mainly on different ways how these treatises deal with prevention and treatment of the disease. I made a comparison of various plague treatises from Prague, České Budějovice and Nepomuk. In order to gather data and informations I focused on historical sources and literature that give us informations from people who had first-hand experience of plague. I do the overall comparison and critique of these sources in seperate chapter. I believe this work can work as an educational material for students and teacher
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