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Biomarkers in Myocardial Damage Diagnostics
KOPŘIVOVÁ, Olga
Anotace (abstract) Biomarkers diagnosing myocardial damages have recently been a very dynamically developing part of clinical biochemistry. Implementing of new biomarkers is very prompt; they are mostly implemented into practice without wider clinical and analytical experience. During a few years these are new methods to determine myoglobin, troponins (cTnI, cTnT), CK-MB mass, BNP etc. The effort of clinical biochemists and cardiologists is to cover all phases and levels of myocardial damage in acute coronary syndromes by means of cardio markers. These investigations are dramatically changing the view of diagnosis, determination of prognosis and therapy in acute coronary syndromes. In my thesis I covered retrospective data analysis in patients with the pain in the chest, presented at an inpatient clinic. The value of myocardial damage indicators and their dynamism was analysed from the definitive diagnosis point of view. I performed my own analysis at OKB Nemocnice Písek, a.s. (Hospital Písek, Inc.). The aim of my thesis was to cover the significance of particular myocardial damage markers and find out if investigated set of markers is sufficient for correct and prompt diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. In terms of this thesis I tried to find out if the panel of cardiac markers contains excess values. In OKB Písek, a.s. the panel of myocardial damage markers includes: myoglobin, troponin I, CK-MB mass and the marker of heart failure BNP. In the samples of fifty-six patients I analysed the presence of the above mentioned markers of myocardial damage and heart failure. I examined only the markers which were determined by a physician. In the group of investigated patients with chest pain, measured values of troponins proved myocardial infarction in sixteen patients, values of CK-MB mass in sixteen patients and values of myoglobin in twelve patients. In the control group of twenty patients with chest pain the boundary values of troponin I were measured in two patients, without the increase of other myocardial damage markers. High value of troponin I was measured in two patients in non-ischemic myocardial damage (acute pericarditis), which agrees with data in scientific literature. The thesis shows that the level of troponin I reflects myocardial damage relatively accurately; troponin I is sufficiently cardio specific but is not a sufficiently early marker. For early management of acute myocardial infection it is important to determine myoglobin, which is detectable within two hours since the beginning of troubles but is not sufficiently cardio specific. The course of CK-MB mass elevation wave copies the course of troponin I elevation wave. That is why the investigation of this marker appears to be excessivet at current investigation of troponin I and myoglobin to prove myocardial damage, which is in agreement with scientific association recommendations.
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Laboratory diagnostics of infections caused by Campylobacter spp.
MRKVIČKOVÁ, Renáta
Bachelor´s thesis deals with problematics of bacterial Campylobacter species, their distribution, and increase in resistence to antibiotics. It also deals with campylobacteriosis prevention, diagnosis and identification of individual species of bacteria. The theoretical part focuses on the general characteristics of the genus Campylobacter, resources, and transmission of infection and possible prevention. This section comprises methods for the identification and diagnosis of Campylobacter spp., which are used in Bacteriology department in Ceske Budejovice Hospital, Inc. The practical part includes a statistical analysis of seasonal occurrence of infections caused by Campylobacter spp.; a comparison of occurrence within gender; a comparison of incidence in different age groups; and evaluation of profiles of antibiotic bacterial strains collected in the period between 2013-2014 in the Ceske Budejovice Hospital, Inc.
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Laboratory diagnostic of the thrombofilic diseases.
Studená, Šárka ; Blažek, Martin (referee) ; Pecka, Miroslav (advisor)
The thesis describes the occurance of trombophilic attacs and about their diagnostic possibilities in women with recurent spontaneous abortions. In the study, the sample of women tested were the ones who subscribed for treatment in the 2nd internal disease clinic - Department of clinical hematology of Faculty hospital and Medical faculty Univerzity Karlovy in Hradec Kralove in years 1995-2007. I have also used the materials from archive whilst investigating some samples from past. I was actively involved in this investigation in last couple of years. During writing conclusion of the knowledge gained, following criteria from the literature of our choice and search were used based on the described importance of trombophylic attacs with rising incidence of is capture: age - in this part we used the median of age from the observed sample number of undertaken abortions - this parameter has a great significancy, however it is needed to overview whole period of pregnancy, afterwhich the abortions arose (in first trimester is crucial third abortion and in second trimester the second abortion has been under the count) number of newborn children - the risk of spontaneous abortion is rising with every child the period of using contraception - the usage of contraceptives can in an early stage show the...
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