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Analysis of the Economic Development of BRICS Countries in 2007–2015
Berka, Kryštof ; Procházka, Pavel (advisor) ; Dyba, Karel (referee)
The aim of the bachelor's thesis is economic development assessment among and within BRICs countries in the context of developed world during 2007-2015. Based on yearly panel data, an analysis for following macroeconomic indicators was carried out: gross domestic product, inflation rate, unemployment rate, current account on the balance of payments, exchange rate. The profound analysis of selected indicators is instrumental in the comparison of member states and is supplemented by the comparison of BRICs and G6. Based on its evidence, I come to a conclusion that the BRICs as a whole succeeded in establishing as a strong global actor. That has been achieved with the help of global financial crisis, but also with regard to the economic policy implemented in 2007-2015. As a result, GDP of BRICs in terms of GDP of G6 achieved stable growth rate leading to its increase by 52 %. Besides providing main findings, outcomes of this thesis enable to identify main weaknesses and strengths of BRICs economies affecting the prospects for continuance of stable economic growth.
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The 2008 crisis and the response of France in the European context
Giusiano, Grégoire ; Maitah, Mansoor (advisor) ; Anna, Anna (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to analyze what have been the impacts of the 2008 financial crisis in France and what were the direct reactions of the government to it. This analysis would be put in perspective by comparing it to the policies taken by various European neighbors. In the first part we analyze the cause of the crisis bubble-burst cycle and more precisely of the financial crisis. We conclude that a financial crisis comes from an accumulation of debt badly invest. We then study the example of the crisis of 1929 and the measure taken by the American government during the Great Depression through the New Deal. We explain that the measures not only planned on distributing money for the demand but set people to work and reformed the general economic environment. After studying the crisis of 2008 in the United State we see that even if the crisis began in the financial sector, its repercussion were felt on the entire economy. In the second part we analyze the main economic trends of France since World War Two. We will see that after thirty years of high growth and social development, the country was for thirty years on a downward trend of the economic development. We will study the case of unemployment, which is representative of the politic and economic system of France. We will realize that the different governments do not seem to be able to reform the country through sustainable measures that go beyond the impact of the announcement itself. We will then analyze the first effects of the crisis on the French economy to conclude that it resulted in the worsening of all the main macro-economic indexes, with the deepening of the debt and the development of a recession. We will then be able to compare those results to three major indexes of two other Europeans countries: the Czech Republic and Germany. We will see that those two countries, due to the importance of exportations on their national economies, and in the case of the Czech Republic, the importance of Germany, suffered more, in proportion, compared to France. In the third part we will study the measures taken by the French government in the aftermath of the crisis and the effects of those measures. We will see that if they plan to support the country through the help to the companies, the measure lack of long term planning. They are short terms measures that helped the country pass the worst of the crisis, but with long lasting effects on the country's debt. We will then compare them to the measures taken by the United Kingdom and Germany. Those two country are interesting to study since the British government made the choice of mainly directly supporting the consumption and Germany, with the largest European stimulus package was acting on all fronts. We will conclude that the main result for the two countries are the growing debt in percentage of GDP, but also that the long term effects are more taken into account in those two plans.
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The effects of method of castration on quality of pork
Polcar, Bronislav ; Čítek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Daniel, Daniel (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to assess the effect of the method of castration on the characteristics of pork and assess the effect of gender on the composition of a carcass.
Carcass value is expressed in quantitative and qualitative characteristics that affect the value of the carcass. The quality of the carcasse is also involved internal factors which influence gender significantly influences the composition of the carcase and quality.
Significant impact on meat quality in fattening male pigs have boar odor. Boar odor is strongly linked to surgical castration, which appears to be an effective solution for eliminating undesirable odors. Nowadays in the European Union there is a higher pressure on pigs welfare and thus to enforce the ban on surgical castration of piglets which is painful and stressful.
Therefore is one of several options to eliminate boar odor using an immunological castration, which is nowadays the subject of many studies and brings very positive results.
The purpose of our test was to compare groups of barrows, gilts, entire boars and imunocastrated boars and monitor the composition of the carcasses, meat quality and level of skatole and androstenone and confirm the hypothesis that the influence of various types of castration of boars, barrows and imunocastrated boars show different quality pork meat.
Significant effect of gender on the composition of pig carcasses was proved whenboars and imunocastrated boars achieved the highest growth ability. On the contrary, gilts had the lowest growth ability. During fattening was determined highest daily gain in a group of barrows at favorable feed conversion and higher daily consumption compared to other groups of pigs. Also, barrows achieved best results in some parameters of carcass value, such as carcass weight and carcass yield of the hull on the contrary lean muscle ratio had the lowest percentage in comparison to other categories.
Barrows were characterized by the highest thickness of back fat. A higher ratio of back fat was also determined in the group of imunocastrates who are otherwise characterized
by good growth ability and quality of the carcass hull, whose parameters equal group of boars.
The immunological castration of imunocastrated boars caused weight reduction of sexual glands and stopped their physiological activity and that led to lower concentration of androstenone and skatolebelow the level of boar odor. Boar odor-causing substances exceeded the levels of acceptabilitytwice in the group of male pigs.
The group of gilts was evaluated with best results in major meaty parts ratio of both weight and percentage of weight of the carcass of the hull. Gilts were characterized with the highest meat ration the leg and in the roast. Boars had the best neck ration and weight and imunocastrated boar had the best shoulders parameters. Influence of gender had no significant impact on the quality parameters of meat.
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Institutional financing principles
Rákosník, Jiří
The system of funding research institutions from public resources in the Czech Republic has undergone a complicated development since 1990 and, particularly during the last decade, arrived at a very unsatisfactory state. The decision process about which organisations should receive institutional support for R&D, and at which level, lacks strategic information. It relies on mere mechanical recording of outputs, with the rules changing every year, and ad hoc measures must then compensate for serious flaws. One of the main goals of the Individual National Project “Effective Evaluation and Financing System for Research, Development and Innovation” is to propose mechanisms for effective public funding of research institutions based on a new evaluation system and emphasizing excellence, motivation and medium-term stability.
Slides: idr-466_2 -  PDF
Video: idr-466_1 -  MP4
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Beer Industry Analysis and Development in the Czech Republic
Janebová, Monika ; Maier, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hlavatý, Robert (referee)
This Bachelor thesis studies the environment of the Czech brewing industry environment and the development of indicators that shape this sector. The theoretical part defines terms such as market, market structure, sector and beer. It also includes a brief description of the brewing and its historical development. The practical part is divided into two main units. The first unit is devoted to the beer market development. Firstly, this unit analyzes production, consumption, price, imports and exports of beer. Secondly, it describes significant changes in the development of the industry and provides some causal link. The second one analyzes how micro and macro environments affects the brewing industry. The macro environment is described using the PEST analysis. The Porters five forces analysis and the indicators of industry concentration and growth are used to describe the micro environment. The conclusion summarizes findings about the industry structure and the major changes that occured in the beer market in recent years.
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The nutrients balance on the farm when fertilizing by organic fertilizers
Pejsar, Petr ; Černý, Jindřich (advisor) ; Lucie, Lucie (referee)
The aim of this thesis is the evaluation and balance calculation of the basic nutrients in soil. The content of this thesis is focused on the evaluation of nutrients input, particularly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and sulphur in organic fertilizers, while taking into account the direct influence of the nutrients after their application as well as long-term effects during delayed and recurring application of the organic fertilizers. During the observed period from 2008 to 2014 the following individual fields were assessed Březinka (68,51 ha), Jiříkovo (16,93 ha), Kocourovské (58,16 ha) and U Akátu (35,84 ha). The balance of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and sulphur in these certain areas was assessed within the scope of balance on individual fields for one crop rotation period. The balance calculation inputs include the amount of nutrients that was provided in form of organic and mineral fertilizers, which in case of nitrogen was furthermore extended by the amount acquired by its symbiotic fixation, overall deposition and sowing inputs (i.e. soil surface balance of nitrogen). The outputs of the balance calculation consist of amounts of major nutrients that were drawn away by crop yield including the calculated losses in case of surface balance of nitrogen. In the thesis an elementary balance of organic compounds was performed together with evaluation of change of the supply state of P, K and Mg based on the available data from agrochemical soil properties conducted in the period of 2009 to 2015 and balance results for individual nutrients. The results of surface balance of nitrogen in individual fields exhibited notably positive values, which according to the final balance might be the cause of heightened or excessive nitrogen loss. It is however difficult to determine the direct and residual effect of nitrogen applied trough the organic fertilizers and its utilization by plants. Without the mineral fertilizer inputs, the resulting values of other nutrients in specific years were dependant on the amount of input trough organic fertilizers. Within the scope of simple balance of organic compounds for individual fields, the overall sum of organic compound requirements were achieved over the observed years.
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Gravidita western lowland gorilla Gorilla gorilla gorilla in captivity
Kubů, Pavlína ; Masopustová, Renata (advisor) ; Kracíková, Olga (referee)
This bachelory work is focused on analyzing and compiling available knowledge and findings regarding the process of gravidity in gorillas of subspecies Western Lowland Gorilla
Gorilla gorilla gorilla bred in captivity and it is divided into seven prime parts.
Taxonomic inclusion of the genus Gorilla is not stabilised yet. According to the newest taxonomy of mammals we distinguish two species of the genus Gorilla, Eastern Gorilla Gorilla beringei and Western Gorilla Gorilla gorilla. Most commonly bred species in captivity is subspecies of Western Gorilla Gorilla gorilla, Western Lowland Gorilla Gorilla gorilla gorilla. Wild populations of Western Lowland Gorilla occur in several states of
Central Africa. Up to 23rd of March there are 797 individuals of subspecies Gorilla gorilla gorilla bred in captivity and approximately more than half of them are being bred in captivity on the European continent. Europe is simultaneously the most successful region in reproduction of the Western Lowland Gorillas.
Diet composition of this subspecies in the wild consists of food with high level of
dietary fibre and low content of calories. On the other hand in captivity the diet composition is reversed which can directly affect the reproduction.
Reproductive organs of male and female gorillas resembles the human reproductive
organs by its shape and placement. During oestrus the female gorilla changes her behaviour and she tries to be attractive for the male and thereby attain the copulation with subsequent gestation. While mating, gorillas use two main positions with many variations. In captivity there can supervene complications with gestation, therefore assisted reproduction is commonly used technique. First young gorilla spawned by assisted reproduction was successfully bred in 1995 thanks to IVF method in captivity. The duration of gravidity of
female gorillas is approximately 250 to 260 days. Symptoms of gestation in Western Lowland Gorillas as the growing abdomen or edema of the breast are present around second or third month before delivery.
The parturition usually occurs during the night, starts with first contractions and ends with leaving of placenta. Social relationships are constantly changing within the group in accordance with different situations. After the birth of young gorilla, all of the members of the
group become more closer to each other and the mother seeks company of the dominant male gorilla who can protect her offspring against the attacks of other individuals from the group or male gorillas from other groups. A female gorilla who has an offspring at the same time is
superior to a female gorilla without an offspring.
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Nutrient content in the needles of main woody species in relation to foraging ecology of large herbivores in Europe
Köhlerová, Markéta ; Hejcmanová, Pavla (advisor) ; Holá, Michaela (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to determine the content of principle macroelements and fibre fractions in needles of five woody species (Taxus baccata, Pinus sylvestris, Abies alba, Picea abies, Larix decidua) with regard to the nutrition of wildlife and forage resources. See if differ substantively macro nutrient elements by different ages needles. The individual objectives was to further determine, firstly, if different levels of major and fiber between tree species and secondly if different levels of major and fiber between the years of needles. Annual needles has a higher content of macroelements and lower fiber content than two years. The theoretical part deals with herbivores and their foraging strategy.Five European indigenous coniferous species were chosen: P. sylvestris, P. abies, A. alba, L. decidua and T. baccata. There were selected four locations: towns of Mšeno, Nové Strašecí and Oldřichov v Hájích and Příbram`s territory where the samples of conifers were collected. After drying the samples in the oven there were laboratory tests carried out/conducted, based on which a subsequent statictical evaluation was performed. The actual evaluation was focused on contents of macroelements N, P, K, Ca and Mg. In addition also ratios of the macroelements (N/P, Ca/N and K / (Ca + Mg) were considered. As regards fibre analysis, we focused on content of ADF, NDF and lignin. Results showed that annual needles, compared to biennials, have higher content of macroelements and lower fibre content. The highest values of macroelements and fibre content were found in T. baccata. P. abies and P. sylvestris had similar results.
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Změny alpinských ekosystémů na území KRNAP‚ NPR Králický Sněžník a CHKO Jeseníky v kontextu globálních změn
Ekogroup czech, s.r.o., Olomouc ; Zenterová, Adéla ; Škrottová, Pavlína ; Ráčková, Marie ; Misiaček, Radim ; Lešková, Martina ; Jirásková, Eva ; Hošek, Jan ; Duchoslav, Martin ; Červinka, Jan ; Zahradník, David ; Hofmeister, Jeňýk ; Zeidler, Miroslav ; Banaš, Marek
Projekt řeší jeden ze základních cílů resortního programu výzkumu v působnosti MŽP, kterým je zastavit pokles biologické rozmanitosti. Předmětem zkoumání jsou reakce alpinské vegetace a půdního prostředí pod vlivem globálních změn prostředí. Tato problematika je studována v prostředí alpinské tundry na území chráněné krajinné oblasti Jeseníky, národní přírodní rezervace Králický Sněžník a Krkonošského národního parku. Metodika řešení spočívá v kombinaci několika metodických přístupů tak, aby bylo možné postihnout jak rané, subtilní změny podmínek prostředí tak i jeho středně a dlouhodobé změny pod vlivem globálních změn prostředí. Navržené postupy vycházejí ze současných scénářů očekávaných změn globálního klimatu, které lze aplikovat na alpinské prostředí sudetských pohoří. Ve zprávě za poslední rok řešení jsou prezentována teoretická východiska studované problematiky, charakteristika studovaných lokalit, design a obecná metodika řešení projektu, výstupy pětiletého výzkumu v hlavních tematických okruzích (sledování abiotických faktorů prostředí; fenologické odezvy významných druhů rostlin na simulované globální změny prostředí; vliv simulovaných globálních změn prostředí na druhové složení vegetace a zastoupení jednotlivých rostlinných druhů v alpínských vřesovištích; vliv simulovaných globálních změn prostředí na nadzemní a podzemní produkci rostlin; vliv simulovaných globálních změn prostředí na minerální složení biomasy; vliv simulovaných globálních změn prostředí na chemické vlastnosti půd; dlouhodobé změny alpínské a subalpínské vegetace na svahu Petrových kamenů v Hrubém Jeseníku) včetně popisu metodiky, výsledků a jejich diskuse, predikce změn alpínských ekosystémů a navržení opatření k minimalizaci negativních dopadů globálních změn na alpínské ekosystémy.
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