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Changes in runoff from selected glaciated catchments in the Alps
Chytil, Jan ; Jeníček, Michal (advisor) ; Nedělčev, Ondřej (referee)
Glaciers are crucial in alpine regions, especially during the summer months when they supply water to lower-lying regions. However, they are expected to melt more rapidly in the future and glacier water is expected to decline gradually. As a consequence, the seasonality of runoff from glacial catchments will change and the water deficit in the summer months will intensify. The goals of this thesis were (1) to assess the current state of knowledge on the hydrological regime of mountain glacier catchments and its changes, and (2) to evaluate the hydrological regimes of selected mountain glacier catchments in the Alps. Long time series from 5 glacier catchments in the Swiss Alps were used to find trends in monthly runoff. Trends were calculated using the Mann-Kendall trend test and quantified by the Sen's slope estimator. In general, the results indicated that summer flows increased the most in the catchments with the highest percentage of glaciation and also with the highest mean elevation. A decreasing trend in summer flows and an increasing trend in winter flows occurred at stations with low percent glaciation and large catchments area. Catchments with both low percent glaciation and the lowest average elevation were the least subject to trends in both average and extreme flows. Accelerating...
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Food webs of glacier-fed streams.
Komárková, Julie ; Kopalová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Fuksa, Josef (referee)
This work focuses on glacier-fed stream ecosystems, with the centre of attention being on the community composition and characterization of their food web structure. Glacier-fed streams are harsh environments in terms of their physicochemical characteristics. These streams exhibit low temperatures and specific flow regimes, with the peak of meltwater generation, and thus discharge, in the summer. In turn, streamwater nutrient concentrations, light availability, and turbidity all vary seasonally according to the flow regime. Compositionally, glacier-fed stream habitats host chemolithotrophic bacteria along with photoautotrophic producers, such as diatoms, Chrysophyceae, and Cyanobacteria, which together serve at the bottom of food webs as primary producers. These streams also host some fungal taxa, that together with heterotrophic bacteria, represent the primary decomposers. Macroinvertebrates, including the water larvae of species Diamesa and Pseudodiamesa, or from the Ephemeroptera or Plecoptera groups, are important secondary producers with high feeding plasticity; that is, they are mainly grazing biofilm or collecting/filtering organic matter, with the possibility of predation. Other than that, in glacier-fed streams, there is usually no presence of higher trophic levels with large- bodied...
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Steam turbine for biomass power plant
Urbánek, Roman ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The master's thesis deals with the design of a condensing steam turbine for a biomass power plant with off-takes for heating heaters with a temperature drop of 60/80 °C in summer and 70/125 °C in winter, and off-takes for low-pressure regeneration. The nominal thermal output of the heat exchangers is 0-10 MWt in summer and 0-50 MWt in winter. The thesis includes a detailed design of the flow parts of the steam turbine, from the design of the control stage, the staged part of the turbine, and the strength verification of individual stages to the design of the balancing piston, sealing system, and bearing design. In conclusion, the operational characteristics of the proposed steam turbine are depicted.
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Car showroom ventilation with workshop
Kordula, Lukáš ; Rubinová, Olga (referee) ; Uher, Pavel (advisor)
The bachelor thesis titled "Air Conditioning for an Auto Salon with Workshop" focuses on designing an air conditioning system for an auto salon with a workshop for cars located in Brno. For the facility, we have designed two air conditioning units, with one serving the auto salon and the other serving the car workshop. The unit for the auto salon aims to cool during the summer months and heat during the winter, while for the workshop, the goal was to extract harmful emissions from the workshop environment. The thesis employs methods for designing air conditioning systems, including selecting suitable equipment. The outcome of the thesis comprises two proposals for air conditioning units tailored to the needs and conditions of the auto salon and workshop environment, with an emphasis on energy efficiency and sustainability. The theoretical part focuses on acoustics in HVAC systems. The computational part addresses the individual steps necessary for designing the air conditioning unit. Software tools used in the design include Teruna and AeroCad. The project part develops the necessary project documentation within the specified scope.
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Gemini
Mikulcová, Klára ; Marek, Jiří (referee) ; Šindlar, Jiljí (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is the building modifications of a secondary school for handicapped students in Brno, in the city district of Lesná. The existing building is inadequate for the needs of students with disabilities, therefore only the existing supporting structure of the building (columns, ceiling above 1NP, foundation structures) will remain, the perimeter walls and roof will be replaced by newly designed structures that meet the current thermal requirements. The building consists of two parts – a two-storey former nursery building (designated as Building A) with a single-storey glazed extension with atrium and a two-storey heat exchanger building (Building B), of which only 2NP is used for school purposes. The school and heat exchanger buildings are connected by a newly designed link across the width of the secondary school building, replacing the existing neck. A new material-contrasting glass staircase extension with a lift is proposed on the north side of Building A to allow wheelchair access to the building from Vaculíkova Street. In addition, a steel structure escape staircase extension with lift is proposed on the east side with a metal trellis with climbing plants. A reinforced concrete structure of the entrance ramp with a terrace for students' meeting is added to Building B from the north side (from Vaculíkova Street). On the south side, a pre-set steel terrace with a trellis for climbing plants has been added, which serves as a shade during the summer months. The school building is functionally divided into a student accommodation part located on the 2NP in the eastern part, a teaching part (classrooms and teachers' offices) on the 1NP of the A building and the 2NP of the exchanger, an operationally separated administrative part (offices, boardroom, headmaster's office, secretariat) accessible from the street by a ramp. In the western part of the 1NP there are technical facilities of the building - janitorial, kitchen, training kitchen and food stores, the facilities are accessible by a separate supply entrance accessible via the existing road leading from the south. The design emphasizes the pleasant, comfortable and safe stay and movement of students not only during classes but also during breaks.
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Reprodukční užitkovost v chovu prasnic
AIDELOMON, Emmanuel Onosimuan
The objective of this study was to analyse the level of reproductive efficiency of sows. Data of 1013 records of sows between 2019 to 2022 from a commercial herd were collected and analysed (Large White and cross between Large White and Landrace sows). Sows ranged from parity 1 to 7 with the number of parity grouped into 1-2 (1); 3-5 (2); 6-7 (3). Sows were raised in well-ventilated pens and were vaccinated according to the veterinarian's recommendations and sows were well-fed to meet their nutritional requirement. Water was available ad libitum via the drinking nipple system. All-born piglets and live-born piglets were analysed by monitoring the influence of parity, season at first conception, genotype, age at first farrowing, gestation length, farrowing interval, weaning-to-conception interval, year of conception and boar. Data were analysed using Statistika.12, TIBCO software package. Significant influence (P < 0.05) was observed between parity group 1 (parity 1-2) and parity group 2 (parity 3-5) for all-born piglets and live-born piglets with the highest value at parity group 2 (parity 3-5) and decreasing thereafter. Prolificacy (all-born piglets and live-born piglets) appeared highest in animals during the summer months and the lowest in autumn (statistically unconfirmed differences). Crossing sows between Large White and Landrace produced the highest number of all-born piglets, and sow Large White produced the highest number of live-born piglets. Crossing sows between Landrace and Large White produced a statistically lower number of piglets. Prolificacy at 361-381 days (age of first farrowing) was significantly different from < 361 days. There was reduction in number of all-born piglets and live-born piglets for above > 381 days when compared to 361-381 but it was not different statistically. Higher value was recorded for gestation length of 114 days compared to 115 days in all-born piglets and live-born piglets (but no significant influence). The mean of all-born piglets and live-born piglets shows that the larger the litter is, the shorter the gestation length becomes. Farrowing interval for 146 days had a high mean value for both all-born piglets and live-born piglets compared to 147 days but no significant influence. Weaning to conception interval for 4 days is significantly different from 5 days in all-live born piglets. The highest average for all-born piglets and live-born piglets was recorded in 2022 and the lowest was recorded in 2019. Result for 2022 was significantly different from 2019 and 2020 results. In conclusion, this study showed that sow parity, genotype, age at first farrowing, weaning to conception interval and boar can be used as indicators of reproductive performance. Furthermore, this study has provided the basis for future development of a benchmarking tool to monitor and improve productivity in sow herds.
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Seasonal variation in renewable energy supply
Rymešová, Lucie ; Škorpík, Jiří (referee) ; Linda, Jakub (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis focuses on seasonal fluctuations in energy supply from renewable sources, specifically photovoltaic and wind power plants. It includes a literature review on renewable energy sources and their importance in the energy sector. It further explores the principles and utilization of photovoltaic and wind power plants. The thesis analyses seasonal fluctuations in energy supply by processing data from the ČHMÚ station and examines their impacts on the energy system. The results of the analysis of seasonal fluctuations are presented and compared. It is evident that solar energy has the largest share during the summer months, while wind energy has the highest contribution during the winter months. The results suggest that a suitable combination of photovoltaic and wind power plants could suppress seasonal variations in electricity supply and contribute to its stable production within smaller energy units.
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Summer Children's Camps for Children of Imprisoned Parents in the Practice of the Prison Fellowship International
LAUTSCHAMOVÁ, Carola
LAUTSCHAMOVÁ, C., Summer Children's Camps for Children of Incarcerated Parents in the Practice of the International Prison Community, České Budějovice 2024, Bachelor's Thesis, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. Faculty of Theology. Department of Social and Charity Work, Head of thesis PhDr. Jaroslav HÁLA. This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of summer children's camps for children of incarcerated parents in the practice of the international prison community. The aim of the thesis is to examine the process of setting up and organising these camps, to identify the problems and challenges faced by the organisers of these camps and to suggest possible optimisation measures. The thesis is based on an analysis of literature and relevant documents, as well as primary research conducted through interviews with camp organizers and other stakeholders. The findings suggest that administrative difficulties on the part of families and lack of funding are key challenges to be faced. Suggested actions include improving communication with families, providing financial support and support from government institutions. The results of this work may contribute to a better understanding and optimization of the process of establishing and operating summer children's camps for children of incarcerated parents, which may lead to enhanced support and care for these children in challenging life situations.
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The use of musical elements and activities at a children's summer camp
MAŠKOVÁ, Kristýna
The bachelor's thesis deals with the presentation of music and related activities in the context of leisure pedagogy, with the main focus on the design of suitable activities for summer camps. The first part is focused on the theoretical presentation of leisure pedagogy, basic musical concepts and summer camps. The second part deals with designing specific activities connected with music when working directly with children at a residential camp. All activities were applied at the camp organized by the Spolkový Dům in Vlašim. The main goal of this thesis is to introduce suitable games and activities that can be applied not only at the camp, but also in other leisure facilities.
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Ventilation and air conditioning of a car cabine
Viščor, Petr ; Hejčík, Jiří (referee) ; Fišer, Jan (advisor)
In this work are described kinds and functions of air-conditioning systems which are used in cars. Further is described heat transfer between car cabin and ambient environment and issue of reduction of air-conditioning energy consumption. Last part of the work contains numerical simulation made by the THESEUS-FE 2.1 software package. This simulation was done on a model of the Toyota Prius car and was focused on effect of glazing on a temperature of the air inside the car cabin during hot summer days.
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