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Cognitive deficits in children with visual impairment and the possibilities oftheir early diagnosis
Štrofová, Helena ; Květoňová, Lea (advisor) ; Vítková, Marie (referee) ; Lopúchová, Jana (referee)
The dissertation entitled Cognitive deficits in children with visual impairment and the possibilities of their early diagnosis responds to the need for a tool for the early detection of visual impairment at the level of the visual apparatus in children with cognitive deficits for special pedagogues. The aim of the thesis is to design and verify the reliability and usability of a tool for the early detection of visual disorders at the level of the visual apparatus, which could be used by special pedagogues. Based on them, identify children with an indication for a complete ocular and orthoptic examination. The partial goals are to determine the coincidence of visual impairment with cognitive deficit, to compare the reliability of individual stereotests and to evaluate the practical use of the tool for special pedagogues. The theoretical starting points are current findings on the issue of cognitive processes and their deficits, the visual analyzer and its defects at all levels, with an emphasis on defects at the level of the visual apparatus and the relationship of cognitive deficits to visual disorder in childhood. The research part is based on a tool created to detect defects at the level of the visual apparatus for special pedagogues and to determine its reliability using the quantitative method...
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Nursing care for a child patient with visual ampairment - strabismus
ŽLIČAŘOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor thesis deals with the nursing care of a pediatric patient with the visual impairment/ strabismus. The name of this visual defect is derived from the Greek word strabidzein - squint. The Czech name for this visual impairment is squint. If this defect is not detected and diagnosed early in a child's life, it can cause health complications later in his life. If treated late, it can cause health complications also in adulthood. The first aim of the bachelor thesis was to map the specifics of nursing care in a pediatric patient with this diagnosed defect, especially in hospitalized children. The second aim was to map the role of the nurse in the education of the pediatric patient with diagnosed visual impairment/ strabismus, especially in the preoperative and postoperative care of hospitalized children. The third aim was to map the impact of the disease on the psychological needs of pediatric patients with strabismus, both in hospitalised children and in families with children with strabismus. The final aim was to map the impact of the disease on the social needs of the pediatric patient with strabismus, also in the case of hospitalised children, as well as the impact on the social needs of the child's family. The research part of the study was created based on a qualitative investigation, using the method of interviewing families with children with strabismus and their parents and nurses working at the Eye Clinic of the Children's Hospital FN Brno. Data collection was carried out using in-depth interview technique. Data collection in families was conducted in person or online and in-depth interviews with nurses were conducted in person on the ward at the hospital. The results were processed using the pencil and paper method into categories and subcategories. The survey found that currently the approach in pre - and post-operative care is very individual and adapted to the needs of pediatric patients. Hospitalization of a pediatric patient with a legal representative or an attendant becomes a matter of course according to the possibilities of the department. In the course of our investigation, it was found that the specifics of nursing care are mostly related to the fact that the child cannot see, has one or both eyes covered after surgery. And medical staff becoming the "eyes" of the child and all care is then based on that. Furthermore, the roles of the nurse in the education of the pediatric patient were mapped, where it was found how important it is to educate the child according to his age, but it is also essential to educate the parents. And thanks to this, the whole hospitalization is usually calmer, because parents have enough information and the mutual cooperation between hospital staff and parents works. Furthermore, it was confirmed that young children with strabismus do not have problems with integration into the collective, neither does strabismus cause them problems in sports activities. However, no child in the interviews is doing the sport at a professional level, the possibility of restrictions cannot be assessed here. It has also been found that often the strabismus itself and its diagnosis are psychologically more difficult for parents to bear than for the children themselves. In the end, it was found that the children found it most difficult to use the occlusor among the compensatory aids. Here, further adaptation of this compensatory aid to the child is needed so that it is as suitable as possible and the treatment can be effective. The results obtained from the research can be used to create an educational leaflet for children and their parents motivating them to wear the occlusor and other compensatory aids for strabismus. The reason for this is that families were found to frequently refuse to wear an occlusor or glasses as a compensatory aid, or to take them off.
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Comprehensive rehabilitation of people with visual disabilities
Hlaváčová, Barbora ; Ondrušová, Jiřina (advisor) ; Cimrmannová, Tereza (referee)
The diploma thesis on the topic of Comprehensive rehabilitation of people with visual impairment gives an overview of the possibilities and importance of comprehensive rehabilitation for this target group. In the introductory part of my work I will focus on the definition of vision, visual impairment and comprehensive rehabilitation for people with visual impairment and possibilities of social services. In the final part there are interviews conducted by clients and staff of provided focused services of social rehabilitation. The aim of the thesis is to describe the psychosocial issue of a person with visual impairment and to give an overview of the possibilities and importance of comprehensive rehabilitation for this target group.
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Old age and blindness
Kantorová, Alexandra ; Šumníková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Květoňová, Lea (referee)
This bachelor's thesis, titled "Old Age and Blindness," is concerned with the gradual loss of eyesight in late adulthood. It provides an overview of the changes which take place in the later stages of an adult's life. Key areas of interest include the symptoms of and conditions associated with loss of eyesight, mobility, self-sufficiency, mental and emotional state, all of which are analysed in detail. The first section outlines and describes those aspects of everyday life which pose the biggest challenges in connection with the gradual loss of eyesight in seniors. Based on a number of international studies, this section provides a delimitation of those activities which may effect an individual's quality of life. The effect of leisure activities on an individual's mental and physical state is also evaluated. The second section of this thesis begins with a description of qualitative research methods, followed by a phenomenological interview with a selected senior whose eyesight is currently deteriorating. The interview focuses on how the current situation is experienced and perceived by the respondent. Based on previously prepared research questions this thesis aims to draw attention to the areas and everyday situations in which an individual could be in need of special pedagogical support or...
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Social Work with Visually Impaired Clients
Šírlová, Nela ; Krahulcová, Beáta (advisor) ; Zelinková, Olga (referee)
The thesis is focussed on social work with visually impaired clients. The theoretical part deals with eyesight, anatomy, physiology of the eye and various visual defects; further, on personality of handicapped individuals, quality of their lives, provided social assistance, methods of typhlo- rehabilitation and appropriate utensils. The application section searches by means of qualitative research, namely semi-structured interview and observation, complex functioning of an asylum for the handicapped - Home for Visually Impaired Clients PALATA, Prague. The dissertation presents, according to the findings, personalities of the interviewed, their subjective difficulties, the way they cope with the obstacles, their level of contentment, and considers bounds of assistance possibilities from the social background. The objective of the thesis is to describe options of social work with visually impaired clients. To present their personalities and difficulties they deal with due to their handicap. And as well as to show how they cope with them and how their social environment can help with the acceptance of their impairment. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Welfare system for persons with visual impair in České Budějovice
TLAPÁKOVÁ, Jana
This thesis deals with the system of care for persons with visual impairment in the České Budějovice. For providing insight into this issue, introduction to two main areas is provided. First area describes definition of the meaning "persons with visual disabilities". The second area describes the entities participating in providing care for persons with disabilities, both disabled person's family and providers of special care in various areas (health, employment, education and social). The main part is devoted to provide list of organizations that provides special care for disabled in the Czech Budejovice. Based on the list, work concludes by evaluating the representation of each individual area of the service in České Budějovice with special regard to age availability.
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