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Design and analysis of electronically reconfigurable filtering structures
Kříčka, Tomáš ; Dvořák, Jan (referee) ; Langhammer, Lukáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the proposal of analog filters with the ability of the electronic reconfiguration. The main aim was to propose three fully electronically reconfigurable filters using different methods. The work focuses on the use of modern active elements that ensure the electronic reconfiguration. Specifically on operational transconductivity amplifiers, second-generation current conveyors and current amplifiers. The transfer functions are simulated in the Orcad PSpice software, at the ideal and behavioral level. Sensitivity and parasitic analysis is applied to the two proposed filtration structures. Both structures are made on printed circuit boards, which are measured and then their transfer functions are compared with the simulated functions.
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Active Filters and their Transformation to Differential Structures
Bečková, Zuzana ; Herencsár, Norbert (referee) ; Vrba, Kamil (advisor)
Bachelor thesis is considered with transformation of single--ended frequency filters to fully--differential structures. Theoretical part contains a brief introduction to frequency filters and short summary of important features of signal flow graphs. Active elements, which are used in designed filters, are shown in the third chapter. Practical part of the thesis shows five single-ended filters (one already published, four newly designed) and their transformation to fully-differential structures. Results of simulations in programms OrCAD and SNAP are shown.
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Synthesis of the electronically reconfigurable frequency filters
Michalička, Filip ; Dvořák, Jan (referee) ; Langhammer, Lukáš (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with design of reconection-less electronically reconfigurable filter structures which have single input and single output using unconventional active elements, which have ability to adjust one of their parameter e.g. gain or transconductance. The first part describes basic parameters of frequency filters, the division of filters by frequency transfer response and used circuit elements, their operational modes, the principle of reconnection-less electronically reconfiguration and the circuit design method MUNV. Second part describes all active elements used in the proposal of filters, their properties and the implementation using existing transistor-level models. The third part contains the design of three reconnection-less electronically reconfigurable filters and the simulations results obtained from simulation programs OrCAD Capture and PSpice. The obtained results were compared with theoretical behaviour. This part also contains results of these analyses: sensitivity, parasitic, Monte Carlo and temperature to determine the behaviour in varied cases.
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All-pass filters based on modern functional blocks
Horák, Ondřej ; Petržela, Jiří (referee) ; Dostál, Tomáš (advisor)
The present thesis is focused on all pass filters. The principle of all pass filters, their properties, the design of nth degree of these circuits will be analysed in succession and then some of functional blocks, by which these structures can be made, will be described. After that, the allpass filters will be designed and simulated in program OrCAD PSpice. First of all, the analysis will be performed with ideal components, then with real components. After that, the sensitivity and tolerance analysis will be made and the influence of parasite effects on circuit parameters will be examined. Once the experiments are finished, the design of Printed Circuit Board's (PCB) will be realized. Circuit showing the best parameters will be chosen for the design.
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Analysis of methods of measurement of fully-differential frequency filters
Kučera, Tomáš ; Kubánek, David (referee) ; Jeřábek, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on measurements methods of differential frequency -selection filters with active elements in current mode. Firstly it describes differential frequency-selection filters in current mode and conversions from voltage to current mode. Next the thesis deals with measuring of particular voltage converters to differential current and back from differential current to voltage, which is an integral part for measurements of differential frequency-selection filters in current mode. For design of particular converters there was used program OrCAD there and subsequent simulation was executed in program PSpice.
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Design of new active filters, using signal flow graphs
Jašek, František ; Kubánek, David (referee) ; Vrba, Kamil (advisor)
This master’s thesis describes the design of the frequency filters by the help of the graph of the signal flows. There are defined by modern components like GVC (Generalized Voltage Conveyor), GCC (Generalized Current Conveyor), CF (Current Follower), DO-CF (Dual-Output Current Follower), OTA (Operational Transconductance Amplifier), BOTA (Ballanced Operational Transconductance Amplifier) and CFTA (Current Follower Transconductance Amplifier), the graphs of the signal flows, which describe their activity in the thesis. In the other part of the thesis is illustrated the procedure of the design of the frequency filters by the help of the graphs of the signal flows. For the concrete design was selected in the first case as the active component double output current follower and in the second case the CFTA. There are noted all designed circuits of the frequency filters also their characteristic equations in this thesis. The activity of the selected circuits was remitted to the analysis in the simulation program called PSpice. Because the active components, with which was engaged in the design of the filter which doesn’t exist in the real form, that is why the UCC, which is sufficing for attestation of the function of the circuit, was used for the simulation. The simulation was implemented in the frequency range 10 Hz to 10 MHz.
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Circuits for Analog Signal Processing Employing Unconventional Active Elements
Khatib, Nabhan ; Brzobohatý, Jaromír (referee) ; Zaplatílek,, Karel (referee) ; Biolek, Dalibor (advisor)
Disertační práce se zabývá zaváděním nových struktur moderních aktivních prvků pracujících v napěťovém, proudovém a smíšeném režimu. Funkčnost a chování těchto prvků byly ověřeny prostřednictvím SPICE simulací. V této práci je zahrnuta řada simulací, které dokazují přesnost a dobré vlastnosti těchto prvků, přičemž velký důraz byl kladen na to, aby tyto prvky byly schopny pracovat při nízkém napájecím napětí, jelikož poptávka po přenosných elektronických zařízeních a implantabilních zdravotnických přístrojích stále roste. Tyto přístroje jsou napájeny bateriemi a k tomu, aby byla prodloužena jejich životnost, trend navrhování analogových obvodů směřuje k stále většímu snižování spotřeby a napájecího napětí. Hlavním přínosem této práce je návrh nových CMOS struktur: CCII (Current Conveyor Second Generation) na základě BD (Bulk Driven), FG (Floating Gate) a QFG (Quasi Floating Gate); DVCC (Differential Voltage Current Conveyor) na základě FG, transkonduktor na základě nové techniky BD_QFG (Bulk Driven_Quasi Floating Gate), CCCDBA (Current Controlled Current Differencing Buffered Amplifier) na základě GD (Gate Driven), VDBA (Voltage Differencing Buffered Amplifier) na základě GD a DBeTA (Differential_Input Buffered and External Transconductance Amplifier) na základě BD. Dále je uvedeno několik zajímavých aplikací užívajících výše jmenované prvky. Získané výsledky simulací odpovídají teoretickým předpokladům.
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Direct realization of the transfer function using modern fuctional blocks
Vyskočil, Jiří ; Petržela, Jiří (referee) ; Dostál, Tomáš (advisor)
The aim of my bachelor’s thesis is a direct realization of the transfer function using modern functional blocks. It is a circuit design of multifunction frequency-selection filters. A merit of the direct realization of the transfer function is for example an easy modification of the circuit design using the signal flow graph. These circuit designs can work in current and voltage modes. My task is to design a few such designs using modern function blocks. Then I verify their function and basic characteristics, I make tolerance and sensitivity analyses and lastly I scrutinize effects of parasitic phenomena and real building components.
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Synthesis of frequency filters with ability of the electronic reconfiguration
Theumer, Radek ; Šotner, Roman (referee) ; Langhammer, Lukáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with proposal of frequency filters providing electronic controllability of its transfer function. The main aim was to propose new filtering structures working in voltage and current mode based on suitable proposal methods. Active elements are implemented by available operational transconductance amplifiers, current amplifiers and conveyors, eventually voltage amplifiers. Four different active controllable filters are presented. Their function is simulated in software PSpice with help of models at transistor level in comparison with ideal behavior (idealized models). Two designed filtering structures were chosen and complemented on parasitic, sensitivity, stability, temperature analysis and Monte Carlo analysis. These circuits were realized on PCB. Measurement results are presented at the end of thesis, including comparison with simulations.
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Multifunctional tuned active filter
Šotner, Roman ; Petržela, Jiří (referee) ; Dostál, Tomáš (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals about design of the ARC multifunctional filters using modern functional blocks. These active blocks are for example voltage feedback operational amplifiers (OAs), operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), current conveyors (CCIIs) or current mode analog multipliers, current feedback amplifiers (CFAs), integrated circuits with switched capacitors building blocks (SCs) and digital potentiometers. The filters are studied with ideal circuit models and models of third level (3) based on voltage controlled voltage sources, voltage controlled current sources etc. (analog behavioral modelling). The professional macromodels are used for example LT 1364 (Linear Technology), EL 2045 (Intersil), LT 1228 (Linear Technology), LM 13700 (National Semiconductor), EL 2082 (Intersil), AD 844 (Analog Devices) and others. The circuits of the designed filters are simulated in PSpice (OrCAD), parasite effects and effects of the real parts are studied. Tuning and electronic adjusting parameters these filters are discussed and controlled by simulation in PSpice. Properties some simulated circuits are compare with experimental results. In conclusion individual filters are discussed and compared their properties. The constructional details of the some filters are presented at the end of this work.
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