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Determination of toxic and essential elements in plants
Filipčíková, Marcela ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Vitoulová, Eva (advisor)
The aim of diploma thesis is occurrence of toxic and essential elements in vegetables and fruit, especially in fruity baby food. The diploma thesis also dedicates processing of vegetables and fruit for production of baby food. Attention is direct to monitoring of baby food quality in the analytical aspects and also to legislative that is in this area. Samples for analysis are prepared using microwave mineralization and ICP-MS for detection. This is described in the experimental part of the diploma thesis.
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Determination of toxic elements in wines
Hajdučková, Iva ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of selected toxic elements in wine. The theoretical part described technology of wine production and selected toxic elements (cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, nickel and chromium) in the terms of their impact on wine quality and their effects on the human organism. It provides an overview of instrumental analytical methods, which can be used for the analysis of toxic metals. In the experimental part inductively coupled mass spektrometry technique was used for the analysis of wine samples. The measured values are statistically processed and compared with current legislation.
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Content of toxic and esential elements in bio foodstuffs and their comparing with ordinary foodstuffs
Kohoutková, Nina ; Diviš, Pavel (referee) ; Vitoulová, Eva (advisor)
The aim of this study is to determine the content of toxic and essentials elements in samples of nuts and seeds produced by ecologic agriculture and to compare results with nuts and seeds from conventional agriculture production. These nuts and seeds can be bought in the Czech market (except bio pine nuts, bio pecan nuts and bio pistachios). The amount of elements was analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after previous digestion of samples using microwaves. This study summarizes the main physiological functions of toxic and essentials elements. Results were also compared with another studies. It does not results from all measured amounts of all essential elements, that bio nuts and seeds have higher amounts of these elements; however, all amounts of toxic elements in bio nuts and seeds are lower than in the no-bio ones. For more precise results it would be necessary to measure more samples.
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Influence of cadmium on the content of selected elements in spring barley (Hordeum sativum L.)
Trsková, Nikol ; Orsák, Matyáš (advisor) ; Hnilička, František (referee)
The theoretical part of the thesis consists of research on the spring barley and chemical composition of its grains. Attention is paid to the stress factors which has inpact on plants such as heavy metals and in particular cadmium and its influence on the plants. The last part deals with the importance of selected trace elements such as copper, iron, manganese and zinc.
The experimental part of the work is devoted to the influence of cadmium contamination on content of selected elements which are copper, iron, manganese and zinc in plants of spring barley. Two experiments were performed. In both experiments, plants were hydroponically cultivated in Knop nutrient solution. Plants were divided into two parts in each experiment, the first part was cultivated without contamination and served as a control samples, the second part was contaminated. The third day of cultivation was added CdCl2.2,5 H2O at a concentration of 10-5 mol/l to the nutrient solution of the second part. In the first experiment the plants were harvested on the 10th day of cultivation and divided into roots, hypocotyls and shoots. In the second experiment were plants harvested on the 13th day of cultivation and separated into roots, hypocotyls, stem base, 1st (oldest), 2nd and 3th (youngest) leaf. From each part of the plant were prepared samples, which were mineralized and consequentely was measured using the ICP-OES method the content of the above mentioned metals in the contaminated and control-sample plants and the content of cadmium in the contaminated plants. The content of cadmium in the control-sample plants was measured by the ETA-AAS. The measured datae were analyzed and described in to the taps and graphs. Highest concentration of cadmiu was discovered in roots of the control sample plants, in case of the first experiment the roots contained 91 %, in the second 95,5 % from the entire amount of cadmium contained in the plant. As a result of the contamination changes in contents of the selected elements ocured. In both of the experimentes the amount of Cu in roots increased, in the upper part of the plants (shoots) the amount was lower comparing
non-contaminated plants. The iron content in the first experiment increased in roots and hypocotyl, in the upper part of the plants (shoots) the content decreased in comparison with control variant. In the second experiment, was the iron content lower in all plant parts. The manganese content was lower in the contaminated plants in almost all parts, only in the first experiment was found minimal increase of manganese content in roots. In both experimentes was found minimal change in content of zinc in roots, in the first experimente increased zinc content in hypocotyls and decreased in the upper part of the plants (shoots), while in the second experiment there was little change of content in hypocotyls but zinc increased in the upper part of the plants (shoots).
The deferences in results of both experimentes may be dependent on varions lenght of the cultivation.
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Determination of toxic elements in wines
Hajdučková, Iva ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of selected toxic elements in wine. The theoretical part described technology of wine production and selected toxic elements (cadmium, lead, copper, zinc, nickel and chromium) in the terms of their impact on wine quality and their effects on the human organism. It provides an overview of instrumental analytical methods, which can be used for the analysis of toxic metals. In the experimental part inductively coupled mass spektrometry technique was used for the analysis of wine samples. The measured values are statistically processed and compared with current legislation.
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Determination of toxic and essential elements in plants
Filipčíková, Marcela ; Vespalcová, Milena (referee) ; Vitoulová, Eva (advisor)
The aim of diploma thesis is occurrence of toxic and essential elements in vegetables and fruit, especially in fruity baby food. The diploma thesis also dedicates processing of vegetables and fruit for production of baby food. Attention is direct to monitoring of baby food quality in the analytical aspects and also to legislative that is in this area. Samples for analysis are prepared using microwave mineralization and ICP-MS for detection. This is described in the experimental part of the diploma thesis.
|
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Content of toxic and esential elements in bio foodstuffs and their comparing with ordinary foodstuffs
Kohoutková, Nina ; Diviš, Pavel (referee) ; Vitoulová, Eva (advisor)
The aim of this study is to determine the content of toxic and essentials elements in samples of nuts and seeds produced by ecologic agriculture and to compare results with nuts and seeds from conventional agriculture production. These nuts and seeds can be bought in the Czech market (except bio pine nuts, bio pecan nuts and bio pistachios). The amount of elements was analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after previous digestion of samples using microwaves. This study summarizes the main physiological functions of toxic and essentials elements. Results were also compared with another studies. It does not results from all measured amounts of all essential elements, that bio nuts and seeds have higher amounts of these elements; however, all amounts of toxic elements in bio nuts and seeds are lower than in the no-bio ones. For more precise results it would be necessary to measure more samples.
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