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Low potential heat for electrical power generation
Dobiáš, Jiří ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Bartošík, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with low potential heat sources for electrical power generation. It mentions primarily low potential heat sources, their distribution by origin and where you can find such resources. Another part deals with the technology that uses low potential heat to heat production of higher temperature level and power generation. These are discussed here with a heat pump, regenerative heating, Stirling engine, solar collectors, Peltier cells, etc. In addition is to their use in practice. The last chapter deals with the replacement of the heater in the regeneration heating coil from the solar collectors. It is thus the use of renewable energy sources. Carry out technical and economic calculations for the real utility of such a plan.
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Thermoelectric Generators for Micro-CHP Units
Brázdil, Marian ; Navrátil, Jiří (referee) ; Masaryk, Michal (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
Small domestic hot water boilers burning solid fuels represent a significant source of air pollu-tion. It is therefore an effort to increase their combustion efficiency and to reduce the produc-tion of harmful emissions. For this reason, the operation of older and currently unsatisfactory types of household boilers has been legally restricted. Preferred types of boilers are low-emission boilers, especially automatic or gasification boilers. Most of them, however, in compar-ison with previous types of boilers, also require connection to the electricity grid. If there is a long-term failure in electricity grid, the operation of newer boiler types is limited. Wood and coal gasification boilers are currently available on the market and can be operated even in the event of a power failure, but only in heating systems with natural water circulation. In heating systems with forced water circulation, these boilers, fireplaces or fireplace inserts with hot-water heat exchangers cannot be operated without external battery supply in the event of a power failure. The dissertation thesis therefore deals with the question of whether it would be possible by thermoelectric conversion of waste heat of flue gases of small-scale low-emission combustion hot water domestic boilers to obtain sufficient electricity, to power supply their circulation pumps and to ensure operation in systems with forced water circulation independently of elec-tricity supply from the grid. In order to answer this question, a simulation tool predicting the power parameters of ther-moelectric generators was created. Compared to previously published works, the calculations and simulations include the influence of the generator on the boiler flue gas functionality. To verify the simulation tool, an experimental thermoelectric generator was built using the waste heat of the flue gas of an automatic hot water boiler for wood pellets. In addition to this genera-tor, there was also created an experimental thermoelectric fireplace insert and other equipment related to these experiments.
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Applications of thermoelectric generators
Kováč, Samuel ; Konečná, Eva (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
The work describes the principle of thermoelectric conversion and the phenomenons by which it is mediated, it also deals with the factors that need to be sought in an effort to achieve the best efficiency of thermoelectric conversion. The next part includes an overview of case studies that serve as inspiration for the last, main part of this work, which will deal with the design of thermoelectric generator (TEG) integration. In this work found the procedure of selection of individual components that are not be excluded for the proper functioning of the thermoelectric generator. While the testing is performed on the basis of a mathematical model.It should confirm or refute the implementation of this project. Today, there is an electrical circuit including a thermoelectric generator, a DC converter, and wireless network sensors. The mathematical model confirmed that the TEG would be able to power -pressure, humidity and temperature sensors, at current of 0.314 A. The assumed temperature difference is 70 ° C. The work should acquaint the reader with the main pitfalls of thermoelectric conversion. It could also serve as a support in solving a similar problem of TEG implementation in a particular application.
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Different way how to use solar radiation for the electric energy production
Obadal, Petr ; Křivík, Petr (referee) ; Vaněk, Jiří (advisor)
The thesis deals with the problem of potential use of solar energy through the conversion into electric energy. The thesis analyses in great detail several types of conversion. My special concern included photovoltaic conversion and thermal conversion of solar energy using steam turbines for energy production. In the subsequent parts, I focus on the problem of photovoltaic, photovoltaic systems, and solar thermal power plants, their installation and use.
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Low Energy Solid-State Converters for Energy Harvesting
Znbill, Laila ; Husák, Miroslav (referee) ; Salyk, Ota (referee) ; Boušek, Jaroslav (advisor)
Disertační práce je zaměřena na nízkoenergetické konvertory pro zpracování energie. Pro fotovoltaické generátory pracující při nízké úrovní osvětlení byly navrženy konvertory založené na konfiguraci single cell. Pomocí levných výrobních procesů a dostupných materiálů byl navržen a vyroben jednoduchý a spolehlivý termogenerátor. Výrobní postupy využívaly plazmatické aktivace povrchu pomocí výboje s dielektrickou bariérou a modifikované metody depozice PEDOT. Byly navrženy jednoduché a spolehlivé DC/DC měniče pro nízkonapěťové aplikace jako termoelektrické generátory a fotovoltaické články v konfiguraci single cell. Měniče pracují od napětí několika desítek mV a výstupní napětí může být na úrovni několika voltů. Účinnost se blíží 50% a náklady na materiál a výrobu jsou ve srovnání s použitím běžně dostupných integrovaných obvodů pro Energy Harvesting výrazně nižší. Pro řídicí obvody byly použity bipolární tranzistory, které v režimu velmi malých proudů mohou mít napájecí napětí od 0,5 V. Byla ověřena možnost výroby integrovaných obvodů s extrémně nízkým provozním napětím. Tranzistory FET zde pracují v podprahovém režimu a v režimu Bulk-driven.
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Low power thermoelectric generator
Lokaj, Jakub ; Pospíšil, Jiří (referee) ; Brázdil, Marian (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the description the physical nature of the conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy and construction of thermoelectric generator. The work is divided into a theoretical part, practical part includes the design and experimental measurement constructed device and final assessment of thesis. The theoretical part describes the thermoelectric phenomena, properties of materials used for the manufacture of thermocouple, construction and electrical parameters of thermoelectric modules and applications of thermoelectric generators including a description of parts of which help to complete overall device. The practical part includes the design and construction of low power thermoelectric generator and experimental measurement connected device with the calculation comparing the predicted performance. In conclusion, besides to assessment thesis also outlines suggestions for further improvements the device.
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MEMS Thermoelectric Generator for Aerospace Applications
Janák, Luděk ; Opluštil, Vladimír (referee) ; Hadaš, Zdeněk (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce se zabývá vývojem autonomního zdroje elektrické energie založeného na MEMS termoelektrickém generátoru. Uvažovaný generátor bude následně použit pro napájení autonomní senzorické jednotky pro letecké aplikace. Systémový pohled na autonomní senzorickou jednotku zahrnuje senzor se zpracováním a přenosem dat, energy harvester (termoelektrický generátor), power management, akumulační prvek a autodiagnostiku. Všechny výše uvedené komponenty jsou v práci podrobně popsány. V úvodu práce je provedena široká rešerše existujících termoelektrických generátorů pro letecké aplikace. Následně jsou popsány základní teoretické poznatky z oblasti DC/DC měničů pro energy harvesting. Zvláštní pozornost je věnována metodám MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking). Jako základ pro vývoj napájení autonomní senzorické jednotky bylo provedeno množství simulací za pomoci nástroje MATLAB/Simulink Simscape. Pro identifikaci prametrů modelu posloužilo měření na speciálním přípravku. Praktická implementace teoreticky popsaných problémů je provedena na k tomuto účelu navrženém technologickém demonstrátoru. Závěrem je zhodnocena reálná využitelnost navržené technologie pro finální aplikaci v leteckém průmyslu.
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