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The differences between perception of metonymy in photography and in movies from the perspective of reception aesthetics
Christovová, Tereza ; Fišerová, Michaela (advisor) ; Borecký, Felix (referee)
The diploma work "The differences between perception of metonymy in photography and in movies from the perspective of reception aesthetics" deals with different uses of the figure of speech - metonymy - in visual communication. The metonymy is primarily used as an ornamental device of language expression. It is also distinguishable in purely visual information that is provided in photography and certain film shots. In visual communication, metonymy is also used for embellishing of the visual content or, at least, its correction. This work is focused especially on these examples of the use of metonymy that employ the method of reception aesthetics, which was up to now applied only to literary works. The subjects of interest of the reception aesthetics are so- called places of indeterminacy and the horizon of expectation which is also the focus of this work in addition to its main focus on metonymic expression in movies and photography. The first part of this work deals with the theory of the reception aesthetics and its main exponents. The second part deals with the relationship between the recipients and the media, specifically photography and movie. The last part of this work deals with the theory of rhetorical figures, particularly metonymy and its special form - synecdoche, and it's application...
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Sacrifice and initiation in the myths of Ódinn
Kozák, Jan ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Antalík, Dalibor (referee) ; Starý, Jiří (referee)
This dissertation deals with the interpretation of four myths from early medieval Scandinavia, in which the main role is played by the god Óðinn. All four myths narrate how he achieved a state of permanent increase of his numinous knowledge. Based on the fact that the outcome of all of the narratives is the acquisition of the Mead of Poetry (or its equivalent), they can be percieved as "four reports on the same event". The analysis of myths itself has been executed in two steps: firstly the separate inquiry of the two more central myths and introduction of the other two followed by thorough analysis of the four together. All four myths demonstrate to a certain degree a presence of motifs and structures associated with the religious phenomena of sacrifice and initiation. By the means of said analysis the study reviews the systematic relations of the sacrificial and initiatory structures and postulates a common core which is subsequently named "monomyth".
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The differences between perception of metonymy in photography and in movies from the perspective of reception aesthetics
Christovová, Tereza ; Fišerová, Michaela (advisor) ; Borecký, Felix (referee)
The diploma work "The differences between perception of metonymy in photography and in movies from the perspective of reception aesthetics" deals with different uses of the figure of speech - metonymy - in visual communication. The metonymy is primarily used as an ornamental device of language expression. It is also distinguishable in purely visual information that is provided in photography and certain film shots. In visual communication, metonymy is also used for embellishing of the visual content or, at least, its correction. This work is focused especially on these examples of the use of metonymy that employ the method of reception aesthetics, which was up to now applied only to literary works. The subjects of interest of the reception aesthetics are so- called places of indeterminacy and the horizon of expectation which is also the focus of this work in addition to its main focus on metonymic expression in movies and photography. The first part of this work deals with the theory of the reception aesthetics and its main exponents. The second part deals with the relationship between the recipients and the media, specifically photography and movie. The last part of this work deals with the theory of rhetorical figures, particularly metonymy and its special form - synecdoche, and it's application...
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Rhetorical Figures in Visual Advertisements of Selected Fashion Houses
Dvořáková, Andrea ; Šafaříková, Radana (advisor) ; Švantner, Martin (referee)
Selected fashion houses that exclusively offer luxurious goods use specific form of promotion of their products. Each house usually holds onto traditions of its country and features essential for its own brand while creating new collections. From the point of view of neo-rhetoric it would be appropriate to analyze visual advertisements of the houses (Chanel, Dolce & Gabbana, Burberry) if they create certain models via them. The main advertising campaigns for the spring/summer 2011 season were chosen for this comparison. Under the terms of observation and semiotic analysis of the fashion advertisement focused on rhetoric figures it can be proved that individual fashion houses aim their attention to how their potential customers' thinking is influenced by their advertising. The model of Roland Barthes is used for the analysis of chosen visual advertisements. Out of all rhetorical tropes the attention is paid to main four - visual metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche and irony. Fashion advertising meets unwritten norm that sets a target to convince the customer of suitability of the products for him.
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Motivation of selected Prague city's toponyms in Czech sign language
Hejlová, Lenka ; Hudáková, Andrea (advisor) ; Macurová, Alena (referee)
Práce "Motivovanost vybraných toponym hlavního města Prahy v českém znakovém jazyce" se věnuje jedné z oblasti onomastiky - vlastním jménům zeměpisným, a to znakům pro stanice metra hlavního města Prahy (hodonymům). Práce zkoumá podstatu a princip fungování motivovanosti v českém znakovém jazyce, důraz klade na vizuálně motivované znaky. Cílem práce je i zkoumat a případně klasifikovat, jaké pojmenovávací postupy využívají znaky označující stanice pražského metra.
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Rhetorical Figures in the Translation of Political Speeches (the 1970s and 1980s)
Tihelková, Martina ; Králová, Jana (advisor) ; Eichl, Radek (referee)
The diploma work is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The first part is further divided into the theoretical linguistic subsection and theoretical political science subsection. The theoretical linguistic part comprises information on metaphors, metonymies and synecdoches taken from Czech and Spanish linguistic handbooks and is focused on a phenomenon of levelling and it also deals with the function of the aforementioned rhetorical figures. In the first part there is also a chapter on the rhetorical style and translation of rhetorical figures. The second, practical part deals with the analysis of the rhetorical figures in selected political speeches, their function, frequency and possible levelling when translating them into the target language. The analysis is carried out on the basis of a comparable sample of political speeches in the Czech and Spanish languages. They are the speeches of two important personalities of the 1970s, President Ludvík Svoboda's speeches in the Czech language and in terms of the Spanish linguistic background - the speeches of his Chilean counterpart - President Salvador Allende, and their Czech translation. Key words: levelling, metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, translation, political speech
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Figures of speech in non-literary translations
Mazancová, Zuzana ; Králová, Jana (advisor) ; Eichl, Radek (referee)
The present thesis deals with figures of speech in non-literary texts and with the problems connected to their translation. The first part is dedicated to the theoretical description of figures of speech. First we deal with their definition according to the Czech and Spanish terminology and next we proceed to the figures that can be expected in popular science texts. We deal mainly with metaphors, their classification and opinions of translation scientists about the possibilities of their translation; but we mention also simile, metonymy and synecdoche. The second chapter is dedicated to popular science texts, to the problems connected to their translation, to the presence of metaphors in this type of texts and to their translation. In the second part we describe the analysed texts and the methods used in our work; the third part deals with the results of our analysis. During our analysis we found the same amount of figures of speech in both languages. Metaphors predominate in both languages, but while in Czech they represent the absolute majority of all figures, in Spanish they represent only a half of all the examples. Personification also appears many times in Spanish texts, but in Czech texts it doesn't appear in such a large measure. Metonymy, synecdoche and rhetorical question are represented...
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Semantic Shift in Plant Names
DOSKOČILOVÁ, Iveta
The aim of the present work is to identify and list English plant names coined by semantic shift, namely by metaphor, metonymy or synecdoche, and to carry out a detailed categorisation of individual semantic categories based on different tendencies within them and interpretation of the results. The theoretical part of my work focuses on different approaches to semantic shift and its categories. It is followed by the practical part which deals individually with metaphor, metonymy and synecdoche, their sub-categorisations and then with overlapping of the above-mentioned categories. The work is concluded with several case-studies of interesting instances of semantically shifted plant names and with the summary and conclusion of the results of my study.
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Metaphor and Metonymy in the Contemporary Argot of the Parisian Suburbs
MEDÁČKOVÁ, Jana
The main topic of my dissertation is exploitation of metaphor and metonymy in current argot of Parisian suburbs. The paper defines metaphor, metonymy and synecdoche (special type of metonymy). It also describes the term argot and analyses present argot French on Parisian suburbs from social-linguistic perspective. In the end based on available sources my work analyses lexical units in argot created by means of metaphor and metonymy and describes in detail the process of relevant semantic change.
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