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Legal principle of superficies solo cedit and its significance in land law
Švarc, Ondřej ; Franková, Martina (advisor) ; Žákovská, Karolina (referee)
The topic of this thesis is the return of the legal principle of superficies solo cedit into the Czech legal order. The thesis aims at the comprehensive overview and the analysis of the issue of this principle based on its inclusion both in the historical and contemporary context. Another objective of this thesis is to look at the registration of the principle, including related institutes, into the public register - the cadastre of real estates. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part of this thesis follows the development of the superficial principle across the history, including the comparison of its use in given legal orders. This section begins with a glance at Roman private law and its selected institutes which have been incorporated into modern Czech private law by the reception of Roman law. The room will be also given to the law of the Habsburg monarchy and the provisions of the ABGB, civil code that has been valid on our territory until the 1950. The last chapters of this part are devoted to land law in the socialist Czechoslovakia and, in particular, to the 1964 Civil Code. The following section is the core chapter of this thesis. It aims to offer a comprehensive view of the re-establishment of the superficial principle in the context of not only the 2012 Civil Code...
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Principle of superficies solo cedit and its importance in land law
Štěpánková, Jana ; Franková, Martina (advisor) ; Žákovská, Karolina (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to describe the concept of the superficial principle in the valid legal regulation and its influence on land law relations. As a result of the reintroduction of the superficial principle into the legal order of the Czech Republic by Act No. 89/2012 Coll., The Civil Code, all that is associated with the earth's surface becomes part of the given land. The thesis is divided into five structured chapters. The first chapter is devoted to land law as an interdisciplinary law system. The aim of second chapter is to explain the key importance of the superficial principle within the context of land law. The third chapter deals with the historical background of the development of legal relations to immovables in the territory of the Czech lands, also including the introduction of the Roman settlement as the basis of the superficial principle. The next part of the thesis contains the interpretation of the most important legal institutes related to the superficial principle in the context of the valid law. The chapter further describes exceptions to the principle. The fifth part of the thesis is focused on the analysis of selected land law relations influenced by the superficial principle.
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Right of Superficies and Different Possibilities of a Building Construction on Another's Land
Březina, Jan ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
This Master Thesis deals primarily with the legal institute of the right of superficies. It also deals with some another legal institutes which can be used for a building construction on another's land. The Thesis' aim is primarily the analysis and evaluation of the effective legal regulation of the right of superficies and furthermore its comparison with historical regulations, with the Swiss regulation, as well as the comparison with another institutes which can be used for a building construction on another's land. The Thesis is divided into five chapters which are divided into subchapters. The first chapter defines the basical relevant terms which are important for understanding of the legal institute of the right of superficies. The second chapter is dedicated to the history of the right of superficies and introduces historical legal regulations of this legal institute. At first, the original Roman law institute of superficies is introduced, furthermore all the acts which governed the right of superficies in the history in the area of the Czech Republic are analysed, including the regulation of the proposed Czechoslovak Civil Code that never came into force. The attendance is dedicated also to the period when the right of superficies did not exist in the Czechoslovak or Czech legal order. The...
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Superficiary right of building and other possibilities of building on land of another
Lupač, Petr ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
The topic of this thesis is the superficiary right of building (and other possibilities of building on the land belonging to a third party, though the focus is primarily on the institution of the superficiary right of building). The principle "superficies solo cedit" was reintroduced in Czech legislation when the new Civil Code (Act No. 89/2012, Coll.) came into force. Along with this principle, the institution known as superficiary right of building has also returned to Czech law after a hiatus of more than 50 years. This thesis seeks to provide a comprehensive interpretation of the superficiary right of building, to explain the individual rights and obligations arising from the superficiary right of building, and to compare the institution of superficiary right of building to other possibilities of erecting a building on land which belongs to someone else. The first chapter defines some of the basic concepts which facilitate the explanation of individual issues and the understanding of certain connections in the following chapters. The second chapter describes the history of the superficiary right of building, which has its roots in the times of ancient Rome. This chapter also undertakes a characterization of legal regimes which were previously in force on the territory of todayʼs Czech Republic. Over the...
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Contract of Sale in Private Law
Chvátalová, Daniela ; Dvořák, Jan (advisor) ; Salač, Josef (referee) ; Zahradníčková, Marie (referee)
1 ABSTRACT CHVÁTALOVÁ, Daniela: Contract of Sale in Private Law. [Dissertation thesis]. Charles University. Faculty of Law; Department of Civil Law. Tutor: prof. JUDr. Jan Dvořák, CSc., Head of Department of Civil Law, Vice-Dean for the Doctoral Study Programme and Rigorosum Procedure. Level of professional qualification: Ph.D., Praha: PF UK, 2015. Key words: Civil Code No. 40/1964 Sb. Commercial Code No. 53/1991 Sb. Civil Code No. 89/2012 Sb. Principles of civil law. Purchase. Dual regulation. Precontracting negotiations. Offer and acceptance of the offer. Contract of sale. Purchase of personal property. Purchase of real property. Subject of the contract. Superficies solo cedit. Construction is a part of the land. Hardship clause. Purchase price and manner for determining the purchase price. Commercial terms and conditions. Decrease in a purchase price. Unreasonable decrease in the purchase price Laesio enormis. Price clause. Delivery of goods. Seller's delay in delivery of goods. Transfer of title. Rights in case of defective performance. Quality, quantity, type, and package. Rebus sic stantibus clause. Contractual penalty. Cancellation of a contract of sale. Sale of a plant. Advance payment and retainer. Supranational projects. Draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR). Principles of European Contract Law...
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The new right to the surface
Petr, Pavel ; Hendrychová, Michaela (referee) ; Thöndel, Alexandr (referee)
The new right to surface Abstract The superficiary right of building is a legal concept on the boundary between ownership right and rights in rem in things of others, and should be approached as such. If we compare the relationship between the builder and the owner of the land before and after the end of 2013, that is, if we compare the two opposing principles of superficies non solo cedit and superficies solo cedit, we can clearly see the primacy of the latter approach to land ownership. The scholastic debate about the stage at which building becomes a thing in a legal sense is irrelevant, because from the beginning it is either part of the land, or part of the superficiary right of building conceived here as an immovable thing. It simplifies the modus vivendi between the owner of the building and the builder (there is no need to regulate the mutual relationship using obligation methods, or less stable in rem concepts that govern the possibility of building on the land of another).
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Comparison of building legislation according to current and new Civil Code
Popelková, Eliška ; Šustek, Petr (advisor) ; Hendrychová, Michaela (referee)
Comparison of building legislation according to current and new Civil Code In my master's thesis I focus on building legislation according to the Civil Code. The building, either as a separate thing or part of other things, is mainly the subject of ownership, but also of other civil relations. Therefore it is very widely used and discussed concept. The main goal of the thesis is to describe in detail concept of building in the current Civil Code, with focus on shortcomings and the most problematic areas, and confront it with changes in the new Civil Code. The purpose is also to provide summary of building issues and possible advantages or disadvantages its enactment in the new Civil Code. I mainly concentrate on different division of things and problems with definition of the term building, which apply to specific examples. Last but not least, the thesis evaluates new building enactment and tries to point out problems that may arise in connection with the transition to the principle superficies solo cedit. The master's thesis is, apart from the introduction and conclusion, composed of three chapters. Chapter one is introductory and deals with the principle superficies solo cedit, which is the pivotal principle related to building legislation. Describes its development from Roman law, via ABGB, until...
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