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Crisis of czech welfare state, its reform and impact on changing quality of life of people of retirement age
Klán, Jan ; Duškov, Ivan (advisor) ; Hedbávný, Petr (referee)
The author valorizes also his practical experiences of a left-oriented politician and first results from sociological research has set an objective to check two hypotheses: 1) that in the conditions of global capitalism development to save and fully revitalize the social state in his conception of a factor that is not only mitigating urgent social inequalities, but also raise the society and cultivates the human being, 2) that in the process of capitalist crises and the crises of a social state, senior citizens living from their pensions belong to the most threatened social groups. Methodologically the author claims to belong to modern Marxism and critically demarcate himself both from stalinism as well as from the recent official ideology, above all neoliberalism. The author refuses also the attempts to equate Marxism and the policy of KSČM to the ideology of the past governing class of controlling apparatus and comprehend the KSČM as a party disguised as Stalinist, anti human and non-democratic and in agreement with the program of this party that it represent in the Parliament of Czech Republic belongs to the self- managed socialism as a long-term objective of a societal transformation. As far as the method is concerned, in the view of a certain interdisciplinarity of the present publication, the...
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Language means of social differentiation of characters in literary translation. Alfred Döblin: Berlin Alexanderplatz
Patočková, Veronika ; Winter, Astrid (advisor) ; Svoboda, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis is devoted to a relatively little explored issue - the social differentiation of literary characters and the transfer of its linguistic means. The language material for exploring this field of translatology was provided by Döblin's novel Berlin Alexanderplatz (1928) and by two translations into Czech (1935 and 1968). We analyzed utterances of two characters. The first one represents a lower social class and criminal environment. In his speech the analysis showed many elements of Berlin urbanolect which were used for his social characterization. The second character represents the Jewish ethnic group. His direct speech contains elements of literary Yiddish, alluding to his Jewish origins. The subsequent utterance analysis of the first character in Czech translations showed an appropriate use of common Czech as a substitute for Berlin urbanolect in both translations. The analysis was set in the context where the usage of nonstandard elements in Czech and translated literature used to be a convention. Both translators followed these conventions successfully. When translating the literary Yiddish in the direct speech of the second character, significant differences in both translations were discovered. In the first translation the Yiddish elements were not replaced. In the second...
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Prestige and social stratification in Czech society between 1988-1999
Křepelková, Zuzana ; Duffková, Jana (advisor) ; Buriánek, Jiří (referee)
In 1989 the Czech history was significant for the revolution which meant that Czech society has shifted toward the east to west. The company which prevailed in the egalitarian principles finds itself face to face with the reality of the Western World where their orientation did not belong. In the opinion of people still persisted not only a desire for social security but also a certain amount of indignation over the rapidly growing income differentiation, which was reflected negative evaluation of wealthier people - a role also played a series of scandals (tunneling and rapid collapse of the newly establishing businesses). The Czech company was prior to the1989 only minimally stratified. After the revolution was necessary to create a new elite, the middle class and in parallel to create the new bottom layer. Dynamic development was the emerging middle class old (enterpriser), more gradually evolved a new middle class (professionals with university education) whose conversion is a matter of several generations. Compare prestige (at the time of transform and in front of it) must be used as the default range of 1967 because this is the last range created in communist Czechoslovakia. Communist society was a static society and therefore we believe that stratification in 1989 has not changed. On top...
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Slavery in Ancient Mesopotamia as social phenomenon.
PAROBKOVÁ, Ivana
The main purpose of this work is to investigate the phenomenon of slavery in ancient Mesopotamia from different perspectives. Concrete research of the phenomenon opens with a description of the territory and the historical background in which all events take place. The first aspect is slavery in the context of social structure. There are also depicted causes of this phenomenon, and then slavery is subjected to exploration in various legislative sources. The social structure is divided into three groups, which influence each other and in the context of which there is some limited mobility. The slavery might have been caused by a set of socio-economic factors. For a complete rendering of that phenomenon, the work shows the development of the law, in which stringent rules are released and slaves often achieve a better position than free citizens.
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Social differentiation of active sport participation in the Czech Republic
Špaček, Ondřej
Active sport participation (as a part of leisure time) is social differentiated activity. High level of active sport participation in higher strata of society is supported by theoretical thoughts and empirical findings. This contribution shows that in spite of the growth of the net level of sport participation in the Czech Republic between years 1984, 1991 and 2007, deep differentiation between different strata persists. Detailed analysis of the current situation considers importance of horizontal and vertical social characteristics of respondents in relation to their sport participation. Age and gender are significant determinants of sport participation, as well as education of respondents and the educational environment of the family of origin (education of father).
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