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The effect of running a load on postural stability
Kellner, Petr ; Vágner, Michal (advisor) ; Majerčík, Petr (referee)
1 Abstract Title: The effect of running with a load on postural stability. Objectives: The establishment of changes in postural stability after a 3 km maximum effort run with a 15 kg load. Research sample: The tested subject group was constitued by seven soldiers of the Army of The Czech Republic at the average age of 25,6 ± 2,1 years who are students of the Military specialization at the Faculty of sport and physical education of The Charles University. Methods: This master's thesis was drawn up as a observational study of theoretic empiric character, realised through intraindividual comparative analysis on a group of 7 subjects. Postural stability was examined with RS Footscan forceplate and clinical balance test U.S. Military Academy Stance Test. The run was realised on a treadmill, without and with a load. For statistical analysis nonparametric statistic tests of significance were used. Results: The results of relations between postural control changes and 3km run with a load of 15 kg display a deterioration of postural stability tested after the run. The extend of deterioration of postural stability after 3-km run with a load within tested group is similar to one after 3-km run of analogous intensity. Key words: run, load, postural stability, balance
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Dependence of performance in selected athletic disciplines students in second level primary schools
Vopršálek, Radek ; Kašpar, Ladislav (advisor) ; Svobodová, Irena (referee)
NAME: Determine the dependence of performance in selected athletic disciplines students in primary schools AUTHOR: Radek Vopršálek DEPARTMENT: Katedra tělesné výchovy SUPERVISOR: PhDr. PaedDr. Ladislav Kašpar, Ph.D. ABSTRACT: The aim of this thesis is to explore the relationship and dependency between performances in chosen sports disciplines for pupils of primary school. The disciplines I have chosen to determine the relative performance are: long jump and 60 meters sprint. In the theoretical part there is a description and analysis of these sports disciplines. In the practical part there is a measurement of pupils' performances in that two sports disciplines and creating a dependency relationship between them. KEYWORDS: Long jump, Bounce, Run, Relationship.
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Comparison of winter prepare rowers and lightweight rowers
Imlauf, Jan ; Kašpar, Ladislav (advisor) ; Engelthalerová, Zdeňka (referee)
Main topic in this bachelor thesis is comparison of rowing training rowers and lightweight rowers during winter preparation. At the beginnig is briefly mentioned history of world rowing, history of czech rowing and personalities and achievements of the Czech republic. Other chapters deal with winter preparation of both weight categories. There are mentioned resources used in the winter preparation and main differences in their use of the different categories. Specifics of training in different categories and their comparison and identification of major differences in training in winter preparation. Key words Rower, rowing, trainer, gym, run, lightweight, strenght, endurance
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Evaluation of the most frequent injuries of marathon runners
Junová, Hana ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Novotná, Irena (referee)
Title: Evaluation of the most frequent injuries of marathon runners Objectives: The main objective of this research is to evaluate the most common injuries in marathon runners. The research is focused on amateur long-distance runners of both sexes from 23 years of age. Another goal is to analyze the possible causes and factors that influence injuries. Methods: In the diploma thesis, the method of literary research and the method of questioning is used. Theoretical knowledge is drawn from both domestic and foreign literature. Data for analytical evaluation are obtained using a non-standardized questionnaire filled in running races - Libouchecky ultramaraton and Jirkovsky crossmaraton. Total of 156 questionnaires were obtained, 122, of which 61 % were included for analytical evaluation. The IBM SPSS analytics program and Microsoft Excel 2016 is used for data analysis. Results: Study showed that 61 out of the total 122 runners were injured, which is 50 % of respondents. Of these were 23 women and 38 men. Research confirmed two hypotheses out of five. The statistically significant relationship between the cause of the injury and the sex has been confirmed. It has also been confirmed that the distance runners of both sexes and age categories are most susceptible to knee injury injuries. The most common...
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The influence of footwear on biomechanics of foot strike of recreational runners
Pekárková, Klára ; Pokorný, Jan (advisor) ; Illinger, Vojtěch (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of hyperpronation syndrome of recreational runners, whose frequency is 15-20 % in the running community. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of footwear on the degree of hyperpronation and related parameters of the running step. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the kinesiology of the foot with emphasis on the functional issues of hyperpronation, biomechanics of the running step and the connection of the running step with running injuries. In the practical part, running in footwear and running barefoot are compared using images from 2D kinematic analysis and data from the Zebris FDM-T System. The clinical examination of the modified Trendelenburg and Véle test is also evaluated. The monitored group consists of 13 recreational runners (7 men and 6 women, average age 26,5 years). The measured parameters are the degree of hyperpronation (objectified by the eversion of the heel and the progressive angle of the foot), the loading time of the functional sections of the foot, the inclination angle of the foot, the frequency and the length of the stride. The results of the thesis show that the change in afferentation and the associated change in the biomechanics of foot strike in footwear have a statistically significant effect on the degree...
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Analysis of a pressure distribution on the level of foot and shoe interaction when running in flatlands with minimalist and sport shoes.
Charousek, Jan ; Jandová, Soňa (advisor) ; Zvonař, Martin (referee) ; Zahradník, David (referee)
Problem: Running is one of the most widespread physical activities. Incorrect running technique, training quantity but also the runner's equipment can strongly affect health condition of the individual, both positively and negatively. For that reason various trends emerge in the area of running footwear. They include classical sports shoes with different types of impact attenuation as well as the minimalist footwear made to imitate barefoot running, which should be much more natural for humans, as insisted by B. Nigg in his book "Born to Run" - where he says that man was born to walk and run barefooted. Inappropriate shoes can cause various health complications, not only in the foot area. Objective: To find out how foot strike changes in the area of the foot-shoe interaction in running on flat ground when an amateur runner uses minimalist and sports footwear and to draw conclusions for training practice on the basis of the results. Methods: The thesis deals with amateur endurance running in different shoe types (minimalist and sports shoes). The study specimen consisted of 14 female runners (mean body weight 63,31 ± 4,89 kg, height 169,69 ± 4,71 cm, age 31,92 ± 5,34 years, speed in minimalist shoes (MO) 3,34 ± 0,06 m.s- 1 , speed in sports shoes (SO) 3,29 ± 0,06 m.s-1 , weekly mileage 37,54 ± 9,43...
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Kinematic analysis of running in children aged 6 to 8 years
Hrachovcová, Monika ; Slabý, Kryštof (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the biomechanics of running and the kinematic analysis of running in children aged 6 - 8 years. The paper consists of two parts. The first part deals with the biomechanics of running and its development, running injuries and describes the kinematic analysis of running. The PubMed, the ScienceDirect Database and sources of the National Medical Library and of the Charles University were searched for creating this theoretical part. The second part describes the experiment - methods and its results. 70 children were recorded during overground running at spontaneous speed. The obtained video recording was measured using the Kinovea 0.8.12. program. The video was scrolled through frames and three moments of the stance phase (initial contact, midstance and moment toe-off) were detected. At these moments selected angles in the sagittal plane were analyzed. These angles were described in the terms of descriptive statistics. Certain characteristics subdivided the cohort into two groups. These were compared in kinematic parameters to determine statistically significant differences. The obtained values from the experiment are discussed and compared with the the values from the recent literature dealing with kinematics of running. At last the suggestions for further research are...
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Caffeine and its influence on sports performance
Kadlecová, Nikola ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Tuka, Vladimír (referee)
This bachelor thesis is composed of theoretical and practical part. The first section focuses on characteristics and history of caffeine, its effects on different parts of the body, description of sport activity, and matters of using caffeine as a form of doping in sports. On the basis of the theoretical foundation, I have composed practical part where research project is described. The project consisted of observation of the effects of caffeine during medium- term endurance activity. The aim of this thesis is to discover how consumption of caffeine before a sport activity can affect performance of an individual. For that purpose, I have used an experiment which should determine if caffeine improves performance in 1,500-metre run. The experiment involved 16 people 25.6 years old on average and with average BMI of 24. The testing included test run without the consumption of caffeine and run with caffeine when 1 hour before the run the participants got caffeine of total dosage of 3 mg/kilogram of their weight. After the comparison, the results showed that 10 people had better performance after consumption of caffeine, and overall there was 3,5-seconds improvement. Nevertheless, the results are not significant according to statistical assessment (p=0,306), and therefore caffeine did not support the...
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