|
|
Depressive rumination: testing the analytical rumination hypothesis in patients with depressive disorder
Janíčková, Petra ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Dymešová, Gabriela (referee)
Depression is commonly viewed as a pathology. Depressive rumination, one of the key symptoms of depression is thought to be a maladaptive cognitive style that contributes to worse and longer depressive episodes. Here I present an alternative approach called the analytical rumination hypothesis (ARH). ARH proposes that depression is an evolved response to complex analytical problems. In a study on inmate patients of the National institute of mental health in Klecany with diagnosed depression we tested the validity of the ARH through assessing the influence of depressive rumination on mood, cognitive performance and electrophysiological correlates. Rumination was experimentally induced by expressive writing. In the control condition we used the distractive writing method. The results show a corresponding effect of rumination on the mood of our patients as expected. However, we were not able to see the proposed effects on cognitive abilities. KEY WORDS Depression, rumination, adaptation, cognition, affective state, neural correlates
|
|
|
Eating disorder
Loudová, Libuše ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
This thesis summarizes the multifactorial causes of eating disorders in the context of current socio-cultural determinants, with a special focus on children and adolescents. The theoretical background for this thesis, as specified in the introduction, is a general overview of the possible causes, occurrence, course, prognosis, and diagnostic criteria of eating disorders, with an emphasis on younger school age and adolescent age. The central topic of my Bachelor's thesis is a questionnaire-based survey of the knowledge, recognition abilities, interventions, general attitudes towards the issue, and the implementation of primary prevention of eating disorders among members of the teaching staff in the sixth to ninth grades of normal elementary schools. The secondary objective of the thesis is to provide statistical data for the last five years due to the increase in the number and hospitalization rate of paediatric and adolescent patients with eating disorders at the Clinic of Paediatric Psychiatry and the incidence of these disorders in combination with a dual diagnosis. The comparative method and a questionnaire were used in this thesis.
|
|
|
Analytical Rumination Hypothesis Testing: Depression as a Functional Adaptation.
Ševčíková, Marcela ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Bob, Petr (referee) ; Vevera, Jan (referee)
Next to the traditional medical concept of depression, there is an expert opinion suggesting that depression is a functional adaptation to adversity. In the theoretical part of the thesis, we present the adaptive hypothesis of depression, the Analytical-Rumination Hypothesis (ARH). According to ARH, depression has evolved as an adaptive response to the complex problems. Depressive symptoms, such as anhedonia, social isolation, and psychomotor retardation, may help individuals to undisturbedly analyze their personal problems in a process called analytical rumination. The limited ability to focus on an external problem, e.g. on neuropsychological tests, is a by-product of analytical rumination. The aim of the dissertation thesis is to test the ARH. In the practical part, we present five studies using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, cross-sectional and longitudinal design, and samples with different statuses (clinical and non-clinical). The results of Study 1 confirm that depression is a response to a complex problem. Using a qualitative methodology, Study 2 examined the form of rumination and detected the presence of adaptive rumination in depressed individuals (causal analysis, analysis of the aspects of the problem and problem-solving analysis). The results of cross-sectional Study 3...
|
|
|
Analytical Rumination Hypothesis Testing: Depression as a Functional Adaptation.
Ševčíková, Marcela ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Bob, Petr (referee) ; Vevera, Jan (referee)
Next to the traditional medical concept of depression, there is an expert opinion suggesting that depression is a functional adaptation to adversity. In the theoretical part of the thesis, we present the adaptive hypothesis of depression, the Analytical-Rumination Hypothesis (ARH). According to ARH, depression has evolved as an adaptive response to the complex problems. Depressive symptoms, such as anhedonia, social isolation, and psychomotor retardation, may help individuals to undisturbedly analyze their personal problems in a process called analytical rumination. The limited ability to focus on an external problem, e.g. on neuropsychological tests, is a by-product of analytical rumination. The aim of the dissertation thesis is to test the ARH. In the practical part, we present five studies using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, cross-sectional and longitudinal design, and samples with different statuses (clinical and non-clinical). The results of Study 1 confirm that depression is a response to a complex problem. Using a qualitative methodology, Study 2 examined the form of rumination and detected the presence of adaptive rumination in depressed individuals (causal analysis, analysis of the aspects of the problem and problem-solving analysis). The results of cross-sectional Study 3...
|
|
|
Ruminální aktivita jako možný ukazatel kvality chovného prostředí holštýnských dojnic
Dubenyuk, Alina
Bachelor’s thesis deals with masticatory activity of Holstein dairy cows. Its’ aim is evaluation of masticatory activity as possible quality factor of Holstein cows’ breeding area. Herewith, the dura-tion of the masticatory cycle, an amount of masticatory motions, mastication intensity and produc-tion of milk were simultaneously observed. The observation included 30 dairy cows. The observa-tion occurred 50 times each month. Totally, there was 150 observations of the breeding of Holstein dairy cows at school farm in Zabcice. Final results were graphically and statistically processed. It was found that influence of temperature over masticatory muscle activity and monitored month over production of dairy cows’ milk were statistically convincing. Any statistics dependence be-tween monitored hour and production of milk and between monitored hour and mastication of dairy cows.
|
|
|
Eating disorder
Loudová, Libuše ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
This thesis summarizes the multifactorial causes of eating disorders in the context of current socio-cultural determinants, with a special focus on children and adolescents. The theoretical background for this thesis, as specified in the introduction, is a general overview of the possible causes, occurrence, course, prognosis, and diagnostic criteria of eating disorders, with an emphasis on younger school age and adolescent age. The central topic of my Bachelor's thesis is a questionnaire-based survey of the knowledge, recognition abilities, interventions, general attitudes towards the issue, and the implementation of primary prevention of eating disorders among members of the teaching staff in the sixth to ninth grades of normal elementary schools. The secondary objective of the thesis is to provide statistical data for the last five years due to the increase in the number and hospitalization rate of paediatric and adolescent patients with eating disorders at the Clinic of Paediatric Psychiatry and the incidence of these disorders in combination with a dual diagnosis. The comparative method and a questionnaire were used in this thesis.
|
guest ::
