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Role of protein NtRGS1 in cell signaling and regulation of growth of tobacco BY-2 cell line.
Šonka, Josef ; Srba, Miroslav (advisor) ; Martinec, Jan (referee)
5 Abstract The thesis is focused on the role of regulator of G-protein signaling NtRGS1 in control of growth and cell proliferation of tobacco cell line BY-2. The protein NtRGS1 is an important candidate for being plant G-protein coupled receptor. Heterotrimeric G-proteins are involved in key signaling mechanisms in eukaryotic cells. Basic principles of this type of signaling are well conserved between plants and animals and related higher taxa. Outstanding difference of plant G-protein system is altered enzymatic activity of Gα subunit of the G-protein heterotrimer. These alterations correlate with chimeric structure and function of investigated NtRGS1 protein. The interaction of Gα and NtRGS1 is absolutely essential for running of heterotrimeric G-protein signaling in plants. Truncated versions of NtRGS1 fused to GFP were crated in the aim of protein characterization. The truncated proteins were investigated in respect of analysis of the role of NtRGS1 domains in protein targeting. Dynamic changes in NtRGS1 and selected truncated versions induced by experimental application of nutrition, especially sugars were described. Expression if Gα and NtRGS1 were investigated simultaneously. Influence of modulation of Gα and NtRGS1 expression on growth parameters of tobacco cell line BY-2 were described. Key words:...
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Animals and plants in Italian and Czech phrases
Gábová, Renata ; Špaček, Jiří (advisor) ; Štichauer, Pavel (referee)
(in English): My Thesis analyses Italian and Czech phraseological units containing animal and plant themes. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with phraseology, idiomatic and basic terminology. The practical part deals with symbols, weather saying and the phraseological unit analysis based on their level of equivalency. The following chapters are analyzing morphological, lexical, syntactical and work-making point of view.
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Molecular base of plant HSP90-MT interaction
Benáková, Martina ; Krtková, Jana (advisor) ; Malcová, Ivana (referee)
Microtubules (MTs) are one of the essential cell structure that participate in a number of key events in the plant cells and their properties and functions are influenced and modified by many other proteins. These proteins belong to a group of microtubule- associated proteins (MAPs, microtubule-associated proteins). One of the MAPs, the molecular chaperone Hsp90, examines and fulfills a large number of different functions in the cell. Its colocalization with MTs has been demonstrated previously by Freudenreich and Nick (1998) and Petrášek et al. (1998). However, direct interaction with MTs was described only recently using cosedimentation assay. The specific cytosolic isoform of tobacco Hsp90 bound to MTs was called Hsp90_MT due to its ability to bind MTs. It has been also found that the binding to MTs is independent on the activity of ATP (Krtková et al., 2012). The authors also described a positive effect of Hsp90_MT on MT recovery after their exposure to cold stress. Although MT cytoskeleton dynamics is influenced by a large number of MAPs, it is surprising that the molecular mechanism of MAPs interaction with MTs and their MT-binding domains have not been described yet. Therefore, we decided to determine the tobacco Hsp90_MT MT-binding domain by production of a set of recombinant proteins...
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Thermal requirements for plant development
Chuchvalcová, Lucie ; Skálová, Hana (advisor) ; Jarošík, Vojtěch (referee)
Plant development is strongly influenced by temperature. Other factors affect plant development to smaller extent. Plant development is affected by rate of enzymatic reactions which depend on temperature surrounding plant. Temperature and time are integrated into thermal time which is defined as sum of temperatures above temperature at which development ceases which is called base temperature. Cardinal temperature at which is the rate of plant development highest is called optimal temperature. When temperature exceeds optimum temperature rate of plant development, rate of development diminishes in higher rate than it increased between base and optimum temperature. Thermal time is mostly being used in agriculture for rate of development prediction, for optimizing crop yield, for prediction of particular developmental stage of weeds. There are also works that focus on wild plants. The easiest way to study temperature effect on plant development is to study leaf development. Rate of leaf appearance on the main stem and its reciprocal called phyllochron (duration separating appearance of two successive leaves) are plant development characteristics most frequently used. Use of thermal time instead of calendar days improved considerably prediction of plant phenological events. The goal of this bachelor thesis was...
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Lanscape design of the roof gardens at MCEV II - CZUPrague 6
Hoštičková, Lucie ; Vaněk, Jan (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
This diploma thesis of a project charakter consists of several parts. The theoretical part under the title of Literary overview of the current state of the problem deals with roof gardens from the begining of time, where it describes the original purpose and function. Continues with development mainly in west countries and hightlights interesting examples from 20th century. It brings informations about composition of the roof vegetation, describes individual layers and materials, which can be used here. Included are detailed cuts and description of the following maintenance. The chapter about modern roof gardens contains examples from Czech republic and around the world in the form of extensive and intensive roof vegetation, interesting by their construction and their concepts.
Practical part consists of two main chapters. First one evaluates the main underlying data and the layer structure of the already prepared flower-beds, for which there was then created koncept and planting plan. Separate project points out the proposal in the form of design parts, devided into individual subheads. First part shows a color variation of the thought, second is in the form of planting plan with the tables of used plants. There are presented techniques of the material transportation and deposition of individual components, which are used in the proposal. Final subheads contain informations about proposed maintnance of the roof garden and original budget.
The space of the roof garden is intended for educational purposes for students, because it brings colorful sortiment of plants and also it is representative element of the Inter-faculty center of Enviromental Sciences II. Because the original design (plan, proposal) was not fully implemented, there is realistic plan added to the project part, which can be seen on the roof of MCEV II. All copyrights of this project belong to the Czech university of Life Sciences in Prague.
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Influence of bioeffector RhizoVital on the soil phosphorus availability and P uptake by maize
Beneš, Zdeněk ; Kulhánek, Martin (advisor) ; Černý, Jindřich (referee)
Phosphorus is likely to become, in the near future, a critical element in plant nutrition. The main reasons are primarily limited resources of P for fertilizer production. Therefore, it is necessary to look for a long term solution. One option is to use P -containing waste, such as sewage sludge, digestate or ashes. Another option arises from the fact that approximately 90 % of P in soil is found in non-bioavailable forms. Therefore, mobilization of these forms could secure enough P for plat growth in the long term horizon. So-called bioeffectors are developed for this purpose; to promote the accessibility of nutrients for plants. It is evident, however, that the application of bioeffectors alone could lead to a gradual outflow of the most P from the soil. Therefore the most favourable appears application of bioeffectors in combination with various phosphatic fertilizers or wastes. Especially rock phosphates, ash and digestate contain significant amounts of non-bioavailable P-forms. That implies that the joint application of these fertilizers and bioeffectors should lead to more efficient utilization of P, and thus reduce the input of fertilizers into the soil.
The aim was to verify influence of a combination of 3 bioeffectors (effective microorganisms: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, strains FZB42 and FZB45, and the combination of FZB42 strain with Paenibacillus mucilaginosus strain JX - 1) in combination with rock phosphate, sewage sludge, torrefied sewage sludge, separated digestate, straw and wood ash on increase of aboveground biomass of maize and on the content and uptake of phosphorus and other selected nutrients.
The evaluated alternatives of fertilization regardless of applied bioeffectors suggest that the greatest effect on the yield of above-ground biomass showed sewage sludge, wood ashes, and especially straw ashes. These fertilizers significantly increased the content and uptake of S as well. In other monitored parameters it was not possible to clearly identify the tendencies.
The application of bioeffectors alone or in combination with the above mentioned materials did not bring the positive effect on the monitored parameters. On the contrary, the combination of Paenibacillus strains FZB42 mucilaginosus showed in many cases significantly negative impact.
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Influence of bioeffector Trianum on the soil phosphorus availability and P uptake by maize
Vukliševič, Zdeněk ; Kulhánek, Martin (advisor) ; Sedlář, Ondřej (referee)
Phosphorus is likely to become, in the near future, a critical element in plant nutrition. The main reason is primarily limited resources of P for fertilizer production. Therefore, it is necessary to look for a long term solution. One option is to use P -containing waste, such as sewage sludge, digestate or ashes. Another option arises from the fact that approximately 90% of P in soil is found in non-bioavailable forms. Mobilization of these forms could secure enough P for plat growth in the long term horizon. So-called bioeffectors are developed for this purpose; to promote the accessibility of nutrients for plants. However, it is evident, that the application of bioeffectors alone could lead to a gradual outflow of P from soils. Therefore most favourable appears application of bioeffectors in combination with various phosphatic fertilizers or waste materials. Especially rock phosphates, ash and digestate contain significant amounts of less bioavailable P forms. The joint application of these fertilizers and bioeffectors should lead to more efficient utilization of P, and thus reduce the input of fertilizer into the soil.
The aim of this study was to verify influence of bioeffector Trianum (Trichoderma harzianum, strain OMG 08) to yield of above-ground biomass, plant height and consumption of P by maize plants from the low P soils. Our aim was also to verify mobilization of P from less available forms in different fertilizers through due to the bioeffector influence and impact assessment to consumption of other limiting nutrients (sulfur and zinc) by maize plants.
Along with the unfertilized control variant the bioeffectors were also applied in combination with following fertilizers: straw ash, wood ash, sewage sludge, torrefied sewage sludge, solid fraction of the digestate, minced phosphate). As an additional control bioeffector was selected a biological fertilizer OD containing microorganism Penicillium bilalii.
The evaluated results did not shown any significant influence of bioeffector to yield of above-ground biomass, plant height or phosphorus mobilization. Statistically significant effects were obtained only by combinations of fertilizers and bioeffector in the case of uptake and content of sulfur. Statistically significant differences were proved within studied variants of fertilization without regards to bioeffector applied.
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Historie a tradice litomyšlských školek a využití jejich výpěstků v regionu
Kotoučková, Michaela
This bachelor thesis is written on the history and traditional roots of ornamental and fruit nursery gardens in the Litomyšl area, with focus on the creation and further expansion of Okrasné a ovocné školky Litomyšl s.r.o. as a leader in the field of gardeing. The firm is located on the edge of the city of Litomyšl and is one of the largest ornamental and fruit nursery gardens in the entire Czech Republic. I decided to focus my thesis on blending the firms past with its present. I furthermore deal with the activities and operations conducted by the firm on a day to day basis. The nursery gardens were established in 1946 by the gardener Josef Peňáz, who directed the company until 1983. The expansion and development of the gardens was directly impacted by their successful market activities and the political upheavals in our recent past. After Mr. Peňaz's departure, the firm was transferred to Ing. Václav Truhlář, Ing. Michal Andrusiv and Oldřich Chadima, who direct the company to this day. The introduction of various species and varieties of plants by the firm had a direct impact on the gardening activities of the Litomyšl region that continue to this day.
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