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Cavaliers on the journey through Europe and time. Traveller reflexions of three Bohemian aristocrats from the beginning of the 17th century to the beginning 18th century
Kubíčková, Irena ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Holý, Martin (referee)
The main topic of the thesis called "Cavaliers on the journey through Europe and time. Traveller reflexions of three Bohemian aristocrats from the beginning of the 17th century to the beginning of the 18th century" is an insight into the life and way of thinking of three early modern Bohemian aristocrats - travellers (Bedrich from Donin, Lev Vilem from Kounice and Krystof Vaclav from Nostice) through their literary work from their journeys. The main sources for this thesis were three contemporary travel books or rather travel diaries available to the wide public of researchers by the editions. The main subject of my research is to display and analyse the intellectual world of aristocrats-travellers on the basis of some specific categories and aspects characteristic to their literary works (social status, religion, age, type of journey and itinerary, representative retinue, the main spheres of their interest and attention, language form and stylistics, composition, etc.). The presented thesis also focuses on demonstrating the many-sided use of travel diaries and points to this specific type of document as a peculiar historical source. Key words: early modern era, travelling, travel books and travel diaries, czech lands, aristocracy
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King Pest and his theatre Prague. Plague epidemics in early modern-period Prague.
Jarošová, Eva ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee)
In 1348 the plague struck Europe and held it in its grip until the 18th century. The Czech lands were no exception, although regular outbreaks are not reported until after 1348. The disease was caused by yersinia pestis bacteria and transmitted primarily by the common rat. It took three different forms: pneumonic, septicemic, and bubonic. The year 1348 marked the most significant outbreak of the pandemic, referred to as the Black Death. However, the infection did not spread significantly to Prague and Bohemia until 1380. The societal crisis caused by the Black Death is reflected in art, particularly the so called Dance of Death and Triumph of Death paintings. Plague columns associated with the cult surrounding anti-plague saints became common sights in Bohemia. St. Maria was universally revered. St. Sebastian, St. Rocco, and St. Rosalie were invoked specifically for protection against the plague. Individual countries also sought protection from their national patrons, such a St. Wenceslas, the patron saint of Bohemia. In Bohemia, the plague is more commonly associated with modern rather than medieval times. Outbreaks recurred roughly every twelve years. In an effort to curb the epidemic, plague orders were enacted. These documents provided for quarantine measures, the closing of borders, the...
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Commented translation: Media and communication in the early modern period
Křížová, Kristýna ; Žárská, Monika (advisor) ; Kloudová, Věra (referee)
This bachelor thesis includes an annotated translation from the German language. The text was chosen from an internet server www.historicum.net. The text consists of some articles from the part Media and communication in the early modern period. Chapters Letter, Book market, Monument, Fashion and Newspapers are translated. The commentary contains four parts. The opening part consists of an analysis of the original text. The analysis contains two parts. The first part is an analysis of extratextual and the second part is an analysis of intratextual factors and describes the specific qualities of the source text. Another part is a typology of translation problems, describing linguistic and cultural non-equivalence and defending the translator's solutions. The third part is a typology of shifts occuring in the translation. The commentary is concluded by the description of the translation method.
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The Testamentary Practice in Jihlava in the Years 1578 - 1624 (Wills as Sources for the History of Family Structures, Historical Demography and Sociotopography)
Jirková, Pavla ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Horský, Jan (referee) ; Sulitková, Ludmila (referee)
THESIS ABSTRACT The subject of the research - the Early Modern burgher will - is viewed in the thesis from the standpoint of family structures, historical demography and sociotopography. The sample of 968 Jihlava wills from the period 1578-1624 were subjected to statistical analysis. Moreover, from a methodological perspective the nature of this research is similar to micro-historical and prosopographical approaches. The aforementioned theme was compared to conclusions of the literature concerning historical demography and family structures (especially English) as well as foreign sociological and anthropological studies. The results of this research were evaluated from the point of view of the annual number of wills as possible indicators of the chief trends in mortality, and possible connections were traced between the number of children named in the testaments and the inheritance system. Given the numerous marriage contracts concluded by testators, the study also looked into the "marriage market" and the duration of marriages. Other questions discussed in the thesis include, for example, family and household positions, disabled people, gender studies and intergenerational property transfer. Finally, in terms of the sociotopographical study, the houses of sorted testators were located within the framework...
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Catholic Reformation in the Prague Towns after the Battle of the White Mountain. Prague's New Town in a context of the process of the catholic confessionalisation
Fejtová, Olga ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor) ; Pešek, Jiří (referee) ; Hrubá, Monika (referee)
Catholic Reformation in the Prague Towns after the Battle of White Mountain. Prague's New Town in a context of the process of the catholic confessionalisation Abstract Olga Fejtová This thesis' methodological ground is a conception of both clerical and secular politics of recatholisation in a relation to Prague's New Town within the Post-White-Mountain period as part of a process of confessionalisation, i. e catholic confessialisation, within the paradigm that was introduced into European historiography in 1980s . The recatholisation within Bohemian lands in relationship to the paradigm of confessionalisation invokes a strategy of state and clerical power. Its enforcement and exercise in political practice were illustrated by normative materials that represented attendant signs of a development of the catholic confessionalisation. The target of this thesis is firstly to describe the progress of politics concerning recatholisation in a relationship to one of Prague's towns by using contemporary decrees of both secular and clerical origin. Furthermore, it shall investigate issues echoing within and from life of the New-Prague-Town's society of the 17th century. This within both public and private spheres of burgess' life. In order to reveal a correct reflection of the whole structure of the progression...
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A Study on the Techniques and Methods in German-Czech Translations at the Time of the Renaissance and the Reformation
Zemenová, Markéta ; Svoboda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Veselá, Gabriela (referee)
The thesis is a contribution to the field of Translation Studies focusing on Translation History. It is concerned with the techniques and methods used in German-Czech translations at the time of the Renaissance and the Reformation. Three selected German texts form the 16th and early 17th century and their first translations into Czech were analysed in this work in order to revise and further extend the current research findings on translations of the period and to provide an overview of the main problems connected with investigation of old prints. Based on our original analysis we conclude that the translation techniques and methods used in the time of the Renaissance and the Reformation were very diverse and often mutually contradictory. No evidence of consistent translation strategies or any universal translation norm was found within the scope of our analysis.
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Capital jurisdiction, criminality and everyday life on domain of Náchod and in king's town Nymburk between the years 1513-1618
Šmíd, Petr ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Hrachová, hana (referee)
Capital jurisdiction, criminality and everyday life on domain of Náchod and in king's town Nymburk between the years 1513-1618 In this diploma paper I dealt with criminality and everyday life on the early modern domain of Náchod and in the king's town Nymburk between the years 1513-1620. Firstly I tried to describe how the town councils worked and with which central regulations they operated. Secondly I did the statistic quatification of all criminal delicts which are mentioned in "pitch" or "black" books of Náchod and Nymburk and other materials of court provenance. Then I compared court causes from other "pitch"/ "black" books which were published in the past with material from Náchod's and Nymburk's archive. I managed to use modern historical methods such as microhistory and historical anthropology to show which postures took early modern society to different types of criminal delicts or problematic phenomenona like sexual life before marriage, suicide, rape or witchcraft. In connection with this I tried to clear up why were criminal delicts like infanticide or witchcraft punished with such a brutal death penalty. As well as this I attempted to describe in details the fact that punishment was not irreversible. The town council was very open to requests of mercy especially if a priest or a clerk of local...
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The Chronicle of Town Cheb of Pancras Engelhard of Haselbach. Contribution to the historiography of towns in the early Modern Period.
Kovařík, Tadeáš ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor) ; Zilynská, Blanka (referee)
The present thesis deals with city chronicles from the early Modern period with particular focus on the 1560 chronicle of the city of Cheb by Pancras Engelhard of Haselbach which is an important piece of work for the historiographical tradition of the city. The thesis first focuses on literature and other resources related to the topic. Scientific literature is used to define chronicles as genre with emphasis on city chronicles. There is a brief description of the development of chronicles of the Kingdom of Bohemia from the period before the battle of White Mountain and an overview of the history of chronicles of the town of Zhořelec. Another chapter presents the history of the city of Cheb, its economic background and political position within the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Holy Roman Empire. Furthermore, the development of literature of the city of Cheb in the early Modern period is described. A section on the chronicles of the city of Cheb from the period before the battle of White Mountain follows. Particular attention is paid to the manuscript of the chronicle by Pancras Engelhard of Haselbach and to other manuscripts of this chronicle still in existence. A special chapter is devoted to the illuminations this chronicle contains. The edition of the chronicle by Heinrich Gradl is described, too....
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