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Growth rate of dominant cyanobacteria with different strategies from pond ecosystems
SYSLOVÁ, Petra
The thesis deals with fast growing unicellular cyanobacteria (Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Cyanobium gracile A1) and slower growing filamentous cyanobacteria capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen (Anabaena lemmermannii, Anabaena compacta and Anabaena reniformis). The experiment was designed to observe the growth of selected representatives from both these types at different temperatures in media with different concentrations of nitrogen. Growth was measured using on optical density at a wavelength of 550 nm. The results from the individual measurements were graphically evaluated using growth curves. The cell size and cell volumes of each strain were also determined. It was concluded that at higher temperature and at higher nitrogen concentrations, most of the cyanobacteria showed higher growth. It can be concluded that during the summer period, in our ponds with sufficient nitrogen, these cyanobacteria will readily increase their biomass and thus influence pond management.
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Rychlost růstu dominantních rybničních sinic
SYSLOVÁ, Petra
The bachelor thesis deals with the determination of cyanobacterial growth from ponds. The results are used to determine the growth potential in connection with eutrophication, i.e. increasing the concentrations of nutrients in water. Cultured strains of Cyanobium gracile A1 and Synechocystis sp. PCC7509 were used in the experiment. To determine their growth, static cultivation was used in culture plates with different well volumes of Thermo Scientific NunclonTM Delta Surface 96 Well and Cellstar 48 Well Cell Culture Plate, which were evaluated as the most suitable from the first part of the experiment. Cyanobacteria were cultured in concentrations from 0.06 to 30 mg P mg/l in Z medium. To measure the growth, a spectrophotometer measuring fluorescence and absorbance was set up at OD750 nm wavelength. At this wavelength cyanobacteria have negligible absorption and therefore turbidity was used to measure biomass. Growth curves were created from individual measurements and are shown in the form of graphs. The results show that the highest concentration used, 30 mg P/l, caused growth inhibition. Cyanobacteria in an environment with a concentration of 0.06 mg P/l showed acceptable growth values. However, at a concentration of 0.46 mg P/l, which is twice the current concentration of P in ponds, cyanobacteria showed much higher growth values. And even at a concentration of 15 mg P/l, cyanobacteria reached the highest growth values. It can therefore be expected that if the concentration of P in the ponds rises to the values of 15 mg P/l, a rapid development of cyanobacteria will take place in the pond. At the end of the experiment, I was supposed to measure the growth rate in the lighting gradient, but due to the announcement of the closure of universities due to the COVID - 19 virus, I was not able to fulfil that.
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Potential and limits of cultivation of brackish and freshwater populations of tubular morphotypes of Ulva (Ulvophyceae) in food industry or biotechnologies
Kantnerová, Veronika ; Neustupa, Jiří (advisor) ; Hejduková, Eva (referee)
The green macroalgae from genus Ulva are commonly used in biotechnology as a source of biomass for the production of biofuels or in bioremediation, but mostly for processing in food industry in Asia and other coastal regions. Within Europe, these algae belong to the so-called "approved novel food", however the species which are mainly used have the leaf-like morphology and they are usually imported, so the usage of local European resources is relatively very low. However the tubular morphotypes of the genus Ulva (originally included in the genus Enteromorpha) might probably be an equally promising source of biomass for the use in food industry and other sectors. They show high resistence to wide range of abiotic conditions and they occur not only in marine localities, but also in brackish or even freshwater ecosystems. Considering this, they seem to be a promising source for processing in Central Europe as well. In this study were isolated and cultivated two populations of the genus Ulva typical for the tubular morphotypes. One was from brackish locality in the Baltic sea (Ulva flexuosa) and one from freshwater locality in Czech Republic (Ulva pilifera). The aim was to evaluate their cultivation potential for their potential use in food industry. Their growth rates were observed during the...
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Growth in children after allogenic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation
Tomešová, Jitka ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Keslová, Petra (referee)
Nearly 80 % of child oncological patients survive treatment nowadays and live in adulthood. Therefore, one of the main current children's oncology task is not only to cure the patient but to assure the life after treatment in as highest quality as possible. Related to the quality of life is the adequate adult body height which is in these children after hematooncological treatment ussualy known as impaired. The aim of this diploma thesis was to specify the frequency and level of impaired final body height in children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and find its relation to sex, diagnosis and age at the time of transplantation. Thesis criteria met 89 children (35 female), who recieved the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between years 1989 and 2012 in University Hospital in Motol, Prague. Children were observed prospectively in Laboratory of Clinical Anthropology of the Pediatric Clinic of University Hospital in Motol since the date of their transplantation till they reach their final body height. Each survey consists of the measurement of body height and weight, BMI calculation, Tanner pubertal stages and bone age assessment by the TW3 method. These, completed by clinical data about diagnosis, growth hormone deficiency treatment, and menarche in girls, were compared to the...
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Differences in physiology between r and K bacterial strategists.
Moserová, Andrea ; Konopásek, Ivo (advisor) ; Krištůfek, Václav (referee)
Differences in physiology between r and K-bacterial strategists. The definition of bacterial r/K-strategists is currently based on the time interval they need to form a colony on agar plate. Also, their growth rate which is often used to identify r/K-position within a pair of bacterial strains. To date it was evidenced that also other physiological characteristics relate to bacterial r/K-status, for example their different ability to 1) adapt for changing conditions 2) utilize complex or very diluted substrates, 3) use secondary metabolites to cope with other strains and possibly also others. The intersection of macro- and microbiological r/K-conceptions lies in time distribution of r/K-strategists during succession. The aim of this study was to verify the basic r/K-characteristics on nine chosen strains and to correlate them with their physiological differences that are implicitly regarded as characteristic for r/K-groups. The study deals with growth rates measurements on both liquid and solid media, identification of fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity of strains cultivated at near-optimum and cold temperature in order to track the differences in cold adaptation. The study also deals with the description of possible new K-strategist characteristic: the lack of correlation between the colony...
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Differences in growth parameters in SGA / IUGR children and patiens with growth hormone deficiency treated with recombinant growth hormone
Kročilová, Kateřina ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Lisá, Lidka (referee)
In the Czech Republic is born to 5 % of SGA / IUGR children, about 5, 000 children a year, and their incidence is increasing. In 10 - 15 % does not occur postnatal compensation growth acceleration and growth retardation is then further deepens. Since 2003, these children can be treated by recombinant growth hormone in supraphysiological doses. Master thesis brings informations about SGA / IUGR children and their growth parameters during the first 2 years from the beginning of treatment when the monitoring was carried out at three - month intervals. The results are compared with the group of patients treated with growth hormone for growth hormone deficiency. Growth data was processed by a group of 57 SGA / IUGR children, which was compared with data of 34 children with growth hormone deficiency treated between 2003-2015 with growth hormone. Treatment of both groups of patients was carried out by a suitable therapeutic protocol, with the dose of GH by the respective diagnosis. These parameters were monitored: body height and weight, growth rate, BMI and weight - height ratio of patients. SGA / IUGR and GHD patients showed different growth profile in the initial phase of treatment when GHD patients had higher acceleration peak after 3 months of starting treatment and steeper increase in growth rate....
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Effect of stress factors on carotenoid production in isolated soil algae strains
Očadlíková, Terezie ; Němcová, Yvonne (advisor) ; Nedbalová, Linda (referee)
Microscopic green algae produce a number of beneficial substances. The commercially used ones include mainly pigments, especially secondary carotenoids. While primary carotenoids are part of the photosynthetic apparatus, secondary carotenoids are produced only under certain specific conditions (e.g. high exposure to light, nitrogen deficiency). Secondary carotenoids have antioxidant properties that protect the cell from adverse effects. The strains currently in commercial use and the strains that are tested for potential use come almost exclusively from algal collections, so this thesis focuses on strains isolated from nature. Two strains of aeroterrestrial green unicellular algae, which showed potential of producing carotenoids, were found and isolated. These strains were identified as Tetracystis pulchra (clade Dunaliellinia) and Tetracystis sp., a strain related to Tetracystis tetraspora SAG 98.80, belonging to the clade Stephanosphaerinia. The culture conditions for T. pulchra were subsequently optimized and then the culture was subjected to a series of experiments, examining the effect of stress factors on carotenoid formation and accumulation. Specifically, the effect of nitrogen starvation, light intensity, temperature and UVA radiation was tested. It has been shown that especially the light...
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Ontogenetic development and behaviour of captive Blue-winged Kookaburra (\kur{Dacelo leachii})
SVOBODOVÁ, Yveta
The Blue-winged Kookaburra is among the species of birds in which there is a sex dimorphism manifested in two characteristics. The first is the more pronounced coloration of the tail of the male; the second is the weight difference between the sexes. The female is about 70 - 100 grams heavier than the male. These differences do not occur earlier than after the first year of life. Although globally, there are 133 individuals of the Blue-winged Kookaburra (61 males, 58 females, 14 young) in human care in 45 institutions in 5 regions, it is successfully reproduced in only 9 institutions. Ostrava Zoo, as one of the three zoos and zoo parks in the world, keeps the Blue-winged Kookaburras in a group of eight, which is the optimal number of individuals forming a breeding cooperative group. In breeding seasons 2011 - 2016, Ostrava Zoo showed excellent results in breeding these Coraciiformes, with 15 successfully raised individuals. It therefore provided the data, together with Prague Zoo. This diploma thesis is a summary of own ethological observations at Ostrava Zoo and of a short observation at Prague Zoo. Summarizing the data from these two zoos, the thesis assesses weight differences of fertilized and unfertilized eggs, ontogenesis, growth rate and sex of the Blue-winged Kookaburras. On the basis of the growth and weight differences between the sexes, it deals with the sex determination of the young. It further describes social behaviour and vocalization within a breeding group with a predominance of females, evaluates general group relationships, and compares the results with a wild population
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Are there any temperature related changes in morphological integration of Micrasterias cells?
Buchtová, Edith ; Neustupa, Jiří (advisor) ; Kleisner, Karel (referee)
Micrasterias rotata is a phylogenetically and morphologically well defined species that is widely distributed in Central Europe in a broad temperature gradient. For its complex cell shape Micrasterias rotata is a suitable model organism for cell morphogenesis research. This thesis investigated whether there could be a different pattern in morphological integration resulting from the temperature stress in Micrasterias rotata cells cultivated on a temperature gradient. The optimum and a limits of growth on the temperature gradient were related to the sampling locations of the studied strains isolated from a lowland wetland and an high alpine lake. Differences in the growth rates among the strains suggested a local adaptation to the climatic conditions of the original locations but relatively high values of the assumed optimum growth temperature suggested an intra- species evolutionary adaptation. The temperature-related size reduction rule was not confirmed; however, a similar pattern of variation in shape occurred in both strains. The morphological integration analysis has basically confirmed that the Micrasterias cell is composed of a number of morphological modules related to its differentiation into the lobes and sublobes. Integration between the lobes of the opposite semicell was primarily...
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Differences in growth parameters in SGA / IUGR children and patiens with growth hormone deficiency treated with recombinant growth hormone
Kročilová, Kateřina ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Lisá, Lidka (referee)
In the Czech Republic is born to 5 % of SGA / IUGR children, about 5, 000 children a year, and their incidence is increasing. In 10 - 15 % does not occur postnatal compensation growth acceleration and growth retardation is then further deepens. Since 2003, these children can be treated by recombinant growth hormone in supraphysiological doses. Master thesis brings informations about SGA / IUGR children and their growth parameters during the first 2 years from the beginning of treatment when the monitoring was carried out at three - month intervals. The results are compared with the group of patients treated with growth hormone for growth hormone deficiency. Growth data was processed by a group of 57 SGA / IUGR children, which was compared with data of 34 children with growth hormone deficiency treated between 2003-2015 with growth hormone. Treatment of both groups of patients was carried out by a suitable therapeutic protocol, with the dose of GH by the respective diagnosis. These parameters were monitored: body height and weight, growth rate, BMI and weight - height ratio of patients. SGA / IUGR and GHD patients showed different growth profile in the initial phase of treatment when GHD patients had higher acceleration peak after 3 months of starting treatment and steeper increase in growth rate....
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