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Ropný sektor a jeho dopad na vývoj situace ve Venezuele
Šubová, Pavlína
This bachelor's thesis deals with the subject of oil industry and its impact on economic but also political situation in the country. This issue is inherently connected with the theory of resource curse, which is analyzed from both political and economic points of view. The next part focuses on the history of Venezuela, which is closely interconnected with and influenced by the oil industry in the last century. The concluding section inquires into the significant decline of oil industry during the regime of Nicolás Maduro and contains the data, which are used as a base for an analysis of political and economic situation in Venezuela.
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Analysis of the Oil-Rich Countries: Case Study of Russia and Azerbaijan
Tomanec, Jan ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Romancov, Michael (referee)
The subject of this diploma thesis is the analysis of oil-rich countries based on the case study of the Russian federation and the republic of Azerbaijan. This analysis will be based on the Resource curse theory which is fundamental for the conceptual framework of this diploma thesis. This theory describes the resource-rich states as more prone to be governed by an authoritarian regime. This relationship will be defined in the case study of Azerbaijan and Russia by comparative analysis of selected factors and state budget revenues from oil and gas. In the first chapter, the methodology and critical source analysis will be exercised together with the theoretical framework. In the second and third chapters, this paper will focus on the analysis of Azerbaijan and Russia based on factors of repression, war, corruption, and freedom of the press which is the core of this work-study. This diploma thesis is based on the presumption of superabundance on one source-focused export, mainly fossil fuels. Based on this relationship the hypothesis will be tested, which will subsequently confirm or refuse the theory of the resource curse. At the same time, the collected data will be compared with selected European countries and the United States of America which will add the required value to the research. The...
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Economic change in Russia: Oil dependency
Krupa, Mikuláš ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
This thesis concentrates on the case of Russian economy and assessment of its dependence on oil. Russia is often cited as an example of country suffering from resource curse as its natural wealth forms significant share of country's exports and revenues. Thesis will first concentrate on factors determining current state of Russian economy. Presence of the symptoms of Dutch disease in the Russian economy will be studied using the Vector error correction model (VECM) applied on the real effective exchange rate of country (REER). Thesis will also contain an assessment of Russian institutional environment to check for other symptoms of resource curse theory. Analysis of latest federal budget will be used to evaluate the sustainability of Russian federal finances. The thesis is concluded by discussion of results and possible paths of future development of Russian economy.
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The impact of natural resources on the intrastate conflicts in international relations - sale of booty futures in the African civil wars
Pazderník, Martin ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Werkman, Kateřina (referee)
This master's thesis deals with the potential impact of natural resources on intrastate conflicts in Sub-Saharan Africa. The major aim is to investigate the general validity of the resource curse theory and of Ross's hypothesis about selling booty futures in civil wars. The presumed negative influence of both theories is tested on the cases of recent intrastate conflicts in the region, namely in Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Republic of Congo, Liberia and Sierra Leone. However, the main contribution of the thesis is probably the analysis of another case, namely Botswana, which, unlike other countries, appears to be out of the generally valid standards of the resource curse theory, as the only one experiencing long-term positive economic growth. The partial aim of the thesis is also to analyze the Botswana's success in managing natural resources and then to suggest some possible recommendations for other states in the region. The thesis is written in the qualitative approach, particularly in the form of thorough work with academic literature. The research method is the Method of Difference by John Stuart Mill, in its revised form of the Most Similar Systems Design.
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Occurrence of the Dutch Disease in the Azerbaijani economy
Valiyev, Asim ; Sejkora, Jiří (advisor) ; Sankot, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the presence of Dutch Disease in the Azerbaijani economy. The substance of the thesis is the determination of, whether the Azerbaijani economy is showing the signs of the Dutch Disease and if necessary, to outline measures to mitigate the negative consequences of this disease. This thesis focuses on the symptoms of Dutch Disease, which include real exchange rate appreciation, slower manufacturing growth, faster service sector growth and higher overall wages. The largest part is dedicated to the evaluation whether above mentioned symptoms have direct context with extreme dependence of Azerbaijani economy on oil exports.
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Prokletí přírodních zdrojů: případ Ruska
Belyakova, Elena ; Frömmel, Tomáš (advisor) ; Máslo, Lukáš (referee)
The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into the problem of the natural resource curse, particularly in the Russian Federation, with respect to history, changes in oil prices and the situation in the world arena. With the hypothesis that the changes in oil prices affect the Russian GDP and the development of other non-oil based industries, two different regressions for two time periods are run. The results of the regressions and subsequent test confirm the hypothesis that Russian GDP depends on the oil prices and on changes on the world resource market. It is found, that in the Soviet period there was no dependence of Soviet economy on oil export and prices. The results are in support of the previous paper, written by Benedictow et al. (2010), that indeed Russian economy suffers from the natural resource curse.
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The Natural Resource Course? Regional Level Analysis
Burdych, Tomáš ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Tichý, Lukáš (referee)
The thesis deals with the existence or absence of a curse of mineral resource (more closely specified in the form of so-called curse of natural resources) namely on the most important mining regions of the selected group of developing countries with significant mining sector. The aim is to capture the regional benefits of mining, or its negative impact with the help of indicator of the relative position of the quality of life of the mining region (relativized to the other regions of watched country). You can see the greatest benefits of the work in this approach of monitoring the impacts of a possible curse (or benefit) of mineral resources at the regional level, as the majority of similar thesis is devoted to the comparison of countries, or the individual studies. The reader finds an overview of the basic mechanisms and factors affecting the use, benefit or a curse of mineral resources, as well as partial specifically aimed analyzes watched mining countries, including the determination of mining regions and finally a summary of reclaimed pieces of knowledgee, including the attempt of interpretation. The thesis also specifies the factors and mechanisms that underlie the curse, or the benefits of mineral resources among the group of countries and their mining regions. Key Words: Nature Resource...
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Influence ot the Income from Oil Industry on the Economies of United Arab Emirates and Algeria in the years 2000 - 2015
Weiss, Tomáš ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pekárek, Štěpán (referee)
The thesis is concerned with the influence of the income from oil industry on the economies of Algeria and the United Arab Emirates in the years 2000-2015. The topic is analysed from the point of view of the resource curse theory. This theory is defined as a negative relationship between excess of a non-renewable resource and economic performance. Alongside with the negative economic growth, the experts defined other factors linked to the resource curse. The method used in the thesis is an analysis of these indicators on the example of Algeria and the UAE, and subsequently the dangers of resource curse are identified. The thesis evaluates, based on the comparison of the performance of selected factors, the economical and institutional development of the chosen countries. In the conclusion the diversification efforts of the UAE in the economic field and relatively safe economic development of Algeria are commented. More or less positive tendencies may be observed also in the development of most of the institutional indicators of both countries.
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Curse or Blessing: natural resources and economic growth - comparison of the development of Botswana, Nigeria, Norway and Canada in early 21st century
Zubíková, Adéla ; Chytil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Zeman, Karel (referee)
This thesis seeks to verify the concept of so-called resource curse at the beginning of the new millennium. The theoretical part defines the symptoms of the alleged curse, curse transmission channels and criticism of the concept. Compared to other studies dealing with the theme of the resource curse this work is not focused on just one transmission channel. The practical part verifies several hypotheses established by comparing research papers on impacts of natural resources. The validity of the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis, Dutch disease symptoms and a negative impact on political institutions (inclination toward authoritarianism, high level of corruption, high government spending, low efficiency of economic and political decision-making and low investment in education) is verified. For the analysis have been selected two African countries (Nigeria and Botswana) and two advanced countries (Canada and Norway). The last part of this thesis provides policy implications. The results confirm the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis for selected commodities in the long term and some of the symptoms of Dutch disease at the beginning of the new millennium. Hypotheses regarding the impact on the political institutions have not been confirmed, since the results varied across the countries. The high vulnerability of the countries to movements in commodity prices was found.
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The Dutch disease theory and its application to countries with independent monetary policy and members of monetary union
Fiala, Vojtěch ; Šíma, Ondřej (advisor) ; Dvořák, Michal (referee)
This diploma thesis aims to give a comprehensive picture of a phenomenon called The Dutch Disease whose symptoms had been increasing in many countries during the second half of the 20th century, especially in connection with mining. The first part deals with the detailed description of traditional economic theory and its later upgrades. In the second part, the Dutch Disease theory is applied to the member countries of the European Monetary Union and highlights the problems of asymmetric shocks, which may include among others the discovery of mineral resources. The third part then attempts to look at the recent European balance of payments crisis through the eyes of the Dutch Disease theory and to highlight a number of common symptoms.
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