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Mitochondrial respiration at cold acclimated rats. Comparison of tissues.
Flégrová, Eliška ; Žurmanová, Jitka (advisor) ; Nováková, Olga (referee)
Acclimation to cold or hardening is known for many decades through its beneficial effects on human health. In contrast, sudden exposure to cold, cold shock, is a great risk of cerebral and cardiac injury, especially in the elderly. There is very little published data on the cellular and molecular mechanisms induced by cold adaptation in heart and brain. The aim of this work was to describe and compare different properties heart, liver, brain and brown adipose tissue mitochondria of rats housed at 25 ± 1 řC and at mild cold (9 ± 1 řC, 5 weeks). The high-resolution oxygraphy, spectrophotometry and Western blotting analyses were used. We found differences in the respiratory control between the heart and liver. Cold acclimation decreased activity of the Krebs cycle enzymes. Fatty acid contribution to the respiration reached the maximum in brown fat and the minimum in the hippocampus. However, further study is necessary.
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Investigation of changes in epigenetic modofications in rat brain induced by morphine treatment
Hronová, Anna ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Roubalová, Lenka (referee)
This study addressed the impact of varying lengths of abstinence periods on the epitranscriptomic modification of m6 A and the enzymes involved in this modification as well as on transcription factors in the brains of morphine-dependent rats. The methods used included a colorimetric kit to determine m6 A levels and Western blotting to quantify the levels of enzymes and transcription factors. The results showed that different lengths of morphine abstinence did not have a significant effect on m6 A modification, suggesting that this pathway was likely not influenced by morphine abstinence. However, significant changes were observed in the levels of enzymes involved in the regulation of m6 A, which were localized and time-specific, without a clear trend. Examination of transcriptional regulators ∆FosB and MeCP2 also revealed significant changes only in certain parts of the brain and at specific times, but without a clear trend in changes in levels. The outcome of this study is that the dynamics of transcriptional regulators, N6 -methyl-adenosine, and enzymes involved in m6 A modification are localized and time-specific, opening new questions regarding the mechanisms that govern neurobiological processes during the abstinence period.
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The role of cold acclimation in ischemicko-reperfusion injury
Marvanová, Aneta
Cardiovascular disease, including ischemic heart disease, its acute form of myocardial infarction and subsequent heart failure, is still the most common cause of death in the world. For decades, scientists have been aiming to find clinically usable cardioprotective interventions that effectively prevented this disease or reduced the consequences of this disease and improved the quality of life of patients. It is known that a healthy lifestyle, which includes long-term hardening, contributes to heart protection. The beneficial effects of hardening on personality have been known for two hundred years, but no one before us has investigated the effect of a cold environment on the magnitude of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage 10 years ago, we introduced a model of mild cold exposure (8 ± 1 řC) (MCE) which was protective on the size of the myocardial infarction and at the same time no negative side effects such as hypertension and myocardial hypertrophy were demonstrated. Our aim was to investigate the mechanism of cardioprotection induced by MCE. We asked the following questions: What is the metabolic profile of rats exposed to MCE? What is the effect of MCE on the magnitude of I/R damage in the short and long term? When does brown adipose tissue mature during MCE? Which signalling pathways are...
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Dopad alimentární expozice bisfenolu na vybrané krevní parametry samic potkanů kmene Wistar Han
JELENOVÁ, Natálie
This bachelor's thesis focused on assessing the impact of ten-week oral exposure to 50 ?g BPS/kg body weight per day in female Wistar Han rats on the concentration of hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit value (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), percentage of granulocytes (GR), lymphocytes (LY), and monocytes (MONO).
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Zhodnocení zdravotního stavu potkanů v zájmových chovech
BUREŠOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor's thesis was dealing with the issue of diseases in fancy rats (Rattus norvegicus). The literature part consisted of a brief history in the first chapter, in the second chapter there was an introduction to ideal hygiene conditions in rat care, basics of nutrition and diet and suitable breeding facilities. The third, most extensive chapter was focusing on specific diseases of fancy rats. The practical part was conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey, with 106 participants. It aimed to assess the health status and disease prevention of fancy rats in the Czech and Slovak Republics. The results were compiled into charts and graphs for better understanding and were subsequently discussed with the scientific literature and the owners' experiences.
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Působení bisfenolu S na lymfatické orgány potkanů
HOMOLKOVÁ, Alexandra
The presented bachelor thesis investigated the impact of a ten-week oral exposure to BPS (4 g/kg body weight/day, 50 g/kg body weight/day) in outbred Wistar Han rats. The study assessed the effect of chronic oral BPS exposure on body weight, absolute and relative weight, and dimensional parameters of the spleen, as well as histopathological changes in the thymus and spleen. Additionally, hematological parameters were monitored, including total leukocyte count and the percentage of monocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes.
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The role of cold acclimation in ischemicko-reperfusion injury
Marvanová, Aneta ; Žurmanová, Jitka (advisor) ; Čížková, Dana (referee) ; Králová Lesná, Ivana (referee)
Cardiovascular disease, including ischemic heart disease, its acute form of myocardial infarction and subsequent heart failure, is still the most common cause of death in the world. For decades, scientists have been aiming to find clinically usable cardioprotective interventions that effectively prevented this disease or reduced the consequences of this disease and improved the quality of life of patients. It is known that a healthy lifestyle, which includes long-term hardening, contributes to heart protection. The beneficial effects of hardening on personality have been known for two hundred years, but no one before us has investigated the effect of a cold environment on the magnitude of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage 10 years ago, we introduced a model of mild cold exposure (8 ± 1 řC) (MCE) which was protective on the size of the myocardial infarction and at the same time no negative side effects such as hypertension and myocardial hypertrophy were demonstrated. Our aim was to investigate the mechanism of cardioprotection induced by MCE. We asked the following questions: What is the metabolic profile of rats exposed to MCE? What is the effect of MCE on the magnitude of I/R damage in the short and long term? When does brown adipose tissue mature during MCE? Which signalling pathways are...
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Evaluation of the antineoplastic treatment effects on heart electrical activity in experimental telemetric study
Beňková, Daniela ; Janoušek, Oto (referee) ; Ronzhina, Marina (advisor)
This master´s thesis deals with the analysis of experimental telemetrical ECG records with intention to determine the long-term influence of anticancer drug sunitinib on the electrical activity of heart. A laboratory rat was chosen as a model organism for the experimental study carried out at the Department of Physiology at Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk university. The sunitinib was applied to the rats at an early age and the ECG was measured with a 20-week delay using the Stellar telemetry system. To measure the effect of sunitinib on the electrical activity of the heart chambers, an analysis of the duration of the RR and QT interval and the width of the QRS complex was chosen. These parameters were detected by the wavelet transform method. Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric tests - the Wilcoxon signed rank test, the MannWhitney test and the Friedman Test. The obtained results suggest that the use of sunitinib has no long-term effect on the observed parameters for the chosen animal model. After extension of the study, the results obtained could contribute to assess the effect of drugs on electrical activity of the human heart several decades after sunitinib treatment termination.
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Automatic Processing of DCE-MRI Data
Karela, Jiří ; Mézl, Martin (referee) ; Jiřík, Radovan (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the issue of automatic processing of DCE-MRI data. It describes some important procedures and methods. The work is divided into theoretical part, practical part and conclusion. The theoretical part mainly describes some methods, on the basis of which the practical part was then solved. However, another theory related to the topic is also described here. The practical part then builds on the theory and solves the problem of automatic detection of arterial voxels and the concentration of contrast agent in the arteries. The algorithms are tested on rat brain data obtained from DCE-MRI. The conclusion serves as a summary and evaluation of our results. It also serves as a reflection on the implementation of our methods.
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Segmentation of Cardiac MR Images
Dohnalová, Petra ; Mézl, Martin (referee) ; Jiřík, Radovan (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on the influence of myocardial fibrosis on cardiac activity, changes in end-diastolic and end-systolic volume, as well as changes in ejection fraction. The theoretical part is focused on studying the methods used in left ventricular segmentation. The goal is then to implement an algorithm suitable for left ventricular segmentation on the supplied dataset. Based on segmentation, the effect of myocardial fibrosis on the group of rats with induced fibrosis is monitored, at the same time the data are compared with the control group of healthy rats.
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