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Psychological Mimesis, the Sacred and Power: A Study in the Sociology of Power in the Context of René Girard's, Gabriel Tarde's and Émile Durkheim's Thought
Kišš, Marián ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Váně, Jan (referee) ; Lužný, Dušan (referee)
The main subject of the presented work is the question of power within the context of sociological theory, and in relation to the mechanism of psychological mimesis and the phenomenon of the sacred. Our starting point is René Girard's mimetic theory, which systematizes the relationship between the mechanism of psychological mimesis and the sacred - in the light of the phenomenon of violence. We, firstly, present Girard's mimetic theory, explicate its main concepts, and situate all into a broader context. Further, we critically examine Girard's theoretical scheme and come to the conclusion that his theoretical and conceptual framework calls for a revision, if it is to be utilized within the context of sociology and social theory. Consequently, we try to "sociologize" Girard's thinking. First, we position his line of thought into the wider sociological context, and then examine his theory in the light of thinking of two classical sociologists, Gabriel Tarde and Émile Durkheim. We then project this examination into a theoretical and conceptual synthesis on the basis of which we formulate our own conceptual scheme, which is based on the assumption of psychological mimesis as an anthropological constant, and which overcomes the main shortcomings of Girard's theoretical framework. On the basis of this...
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Psychological Mimesis, the Sacred and Power: A Study in the Sociology of Power in the Context of René Girard's, Gabriel Tarde's and Émile Durkheim's Thought
Kišš, Marián ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Váně, Jan (referee) ; Lužný, Dušan (referee)
The main subject of the presented work is the question of power within the context of sociological theory, and in relation to the mechanism of psychological mimesis and the phenomenon of the sacred. Our starting point is René Girard's mimetic theory, which systematizes the relationship between the mechanism of psychological mimesis and the sacred - in the light of the phenomenon of violence. We, firstly, present Girard's mimetic theory, explicate its main concepts, and situate all into a broader context. Further, we critically examine Girard's theoretical scheme and come to the conclusion that his theoretical and conceptual framework calls for a revision, if it is to be utilized within the context of sociology and social theory. Consequently, we try to "sociologize" Girard's thinking. First, we position his line of thought into the wider sociological context, and then examine his theory in the light of thinking of two classical sociologists, Gabriel Tarde and Émile Durkheim. We then project this examination into a theoretical and conceptual synthesis on the basis of which we formulate our own conceptual scheme, which is based on the assumption of psychological mimesis as an anthropological constant, and which overcomes the main shortcomings of Girard's theoretical framework. On the basis of this...
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Mircea Eliade - Narrator - Initiator. The Initiation Dimension of His Fantastic Prose
Mikulová, Tamara ; Valentová, Libuše (advisor) ; Šrámek, Jiří (referee) ; Vajdová, Libuša (referee)
Our work is devoted to the Romanian philosopher and author of fantastic prose, Mircea Eliade. The unique feature of his fiction lies in the narrative building upon the initiating structure, and reflecting the mythological consciousness, which is perceived by the author as a means of escaping historical relativism. In order to analyse his work we applied the hermeneutic approach, which is in our view best suited for interpretation of Eliade's prose. The hermeneutic approach shows that the author-narrator assumes the function of a religious initiator, who is in possession of a vision of the world and conveys it to his readers. The initiated author can see a different world, a possible world that surpasses the material one, and he is able to bring this vision, inexpressible by words, to the reader. Thus, the process of reading and analysing such a text then turns into gradual initiation into the secrets of existence through its esoteric dimension. Eliade's aim in his fantastic prose is to show that even in the desecrated world the sacred is hidden anywhere and a man is still able to reveal it anytime. Key words: Eliade, initiation, narrator, symbol, sense, hermeneutics, imagination, inner and outer face of literature, sacred, profane, reality, death initiation, dramatic performance, salvation,...
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