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The role and status of women in top politics in Czechoslovakia in the years 1948-1968
Kočišková, Jana ; Pernes, Jiří (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee) ; Konečný, Karel (referee)
Univerzita Karlova Filozofická fakulta Ústav Politologie Doktorský studijní program: Politologie Studijní obor: Politologie Annotation to the Dissertation Thesis Role a postavení žen ve vrcholné politice v Československu v letech 1948-1968 The role and status of women in top politics in Czechoslovakia in the years 1948-1968 Mgr. Jana Kočišková Vedoucí práce: Doc. PhDr. Jiří Pernes, Dr. Praha 2017 Annotation: The aim of dissertation thesis is to comprehensively assess and analyze the role and participation of women in top level politics in Czechoslovakia in the years 1948-1968. Selected time period belongs in terms of political participation of women to the less studied. The dissertation deals with and explores the relevance of the three basic kinds of factors affecting the proportion of women in top level politics (institutional, socio-economic and cultural), with regard to the specifics of a given type of undemocratic political regime, the pervasive communist ideology and the leading role of the Communist Party. Cultural factors include historical tradition of female political participation in Czechoslovakia, women's issues in the communist ideology and its application in the USSR and Czechoslovakia in practice. Socio-economic factors include living standard of population, level of education, level of...
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Presidential System in Brazil
Michal, Petr ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
(English) Brazil is not gifted by greatest conditions for its existence - president do have strong legislative powers, which allow him to dominate politics, and he is confronted by severely fragmented legislature. This kind of political constellation should cause strong political crises and should be responsible for unstability of political regime. In this paper, we are trying to describe reasons why it is not so. Thanks to the change of international ideological and political context (i.e. end of Cold War) democracy has been internalized by various political actors and army returned back to barracks. Parliament and president were left alone to face their own fate. Even though president dominates legislative process (thanks to his strong powers) and can structure parliament's choices, constitution (de facto) forces him to seek support in parliament and create wider coalitions. On the other hand parliament has strong tools how to offer president alternative proposals and de facto decides if president's policy will be permanent or not. In extreme cases (i.e. political crises) is parliament proactive actor, which controls presidents survival.
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The role and status of women in top politics in Czechoslovakia in the years 1948-1968
Kočišková, Jana ; Pernes, Jiří (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee) ; Konečný, Karel (referee)
Univerzita Karlova Filozofická fakulta Ústav Politologie Doktorský studijní program: Politologie Studijní obor: Politologie Annotation to the Dissertation Thesis Role a postavení žen ve vrcholné politice v Československu v letech 1948-1968 The role and status of women in top politics in Czechoslovakia in the years 1948-1968 Mgr. Jana Kočišková Vedoucí práce: Doc. PhDr. Jiří Pernes, Dr. Praha 2017 Annotation: The aim of dissertation thesis is to comprehensively assess and analyze the role and participation of women in top level politics in Czechoslovakia in the years 1948-1968. Selected time period belongs in terms of political participation of women to the less studied. The dissertation deals with and explores the relevance of the three basic kinds of factors affecting the proportion of women in top level politics (institutional, socio-economic and cultural), with regard to the specifics of a given type of undemocratic political regime, the pervasive communist ideology and the leading role of the Communist Party. Cultural factors include historical tradition of female political participation in Czechoslovakia, women's issues in the communist ideology and its application in the USSR and Czechoslovakia in practice. Socio-economic factors include living standard of population, level of education, level of...
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Sweden's migration policy and its approach to the migration crisis
Utinková, Hana ; Brunclík, Miloš (advisor) ; Kaleta, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis examines the form of Swedish migration policy in a relation to migration crisis. It describes and analyses kinds of migration policies and examines its openness and restrictiveness. This theoretical framework is then used in the practical part for analysis, if the Swedish migration policy was changed by the events of 2015 to be restrictive. Changes are demonstrated on legislation and actors, who can influence its creation.
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Migration and Economic Voting Outcomes: Theory and Empirics from Moldova
Pascanean, Ludmila ; Gregor, Martin (advisor) ; Švarcová, Natálie (referee)
The focus of the present research is to explore several dimensions and their interconnections: migration, election results and implemented policies. It will analyse how emigration is affecting the elections results and voting patterns, of both, migrants and non-migrants, thus influencing the undertaken policies and institution development in the home country. This thesis is based on evidence from Republic of Moldova, an Eastern European country with a Soviet Union heritage. The study covers the years 1998-2010 using data for 6 election results in Moldova and data about emigration during the corresponding years. The key assumption, confirmed in this thesis is that with increase of number of emigrants to the West countries, especially countries of European Union, the percentage of votes offered to Communist Party decreases, while there is a positive connection between the number of emigrants to eastern countries, namely Russia, and the number of votes given to Communist Party. Therefore, the migrants have different voting patterns from non-migrants, which with time are passed to their families and connections in the home country, using the spillover effect and hence being able to change the political and economic institutions in the home country. Data is modelled using OLS and GMM. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Presidential System in Brazil
Michal, Petr ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
(English) Brazil is not gifted by greatest conditions for its existence - president do have strong legislative powers, which allow him to dominate politics, and he is confronted by severely fragmented legislature. This kind of political constellation should cause strong political crises and should be responsible for unstability of political regime. In this paper, we are trying to describe reasons why it is not so. Thanks to the change of international ideological and political context (i.e. end of Cold War) democracy has been internalized by various political actors and army returned back to barracks. Parliament and president were left alone to face their own fate. Even though president dominates legislative process (thanks to his strong powers) and can structure parliament's choices, constitution (de facto) forces him to seek support in parliament and create wider coalitions. On the other hand parliament has strong tools how to offer president alternative proposals and de facto decides if president's policy will be permanent or not. In extreme cases (i.e. political crises) is parliament proactive actor, which controls presidents survival.
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Trust in Political Institutions in the Czech Republic
Čermák, Daniel ; Kostelecký, Tomáš (advisor) ; Sedláčková, Markéta (referee) ; Müller, Karel (referee)
The aim of the PhD dissertation is to research political trust, specifically to describe trends in political trust and to identify factors which are related to reported trust. Political trust is vertical trust oriented to selected political institutions which are grounded in the Constitution of the Czech Republic. Following political institutions are analyzed in this study: the Government of the Czech Republic, the Chamber of Deputies, the Senate, regional councils and municipal councils. Life-time learning model proposed by Mishler and Rose, which combines cultural and institutional approaches to explanation of trust in political institutions, is used as a theoretical framework in this study. All conducted analyses make use of data from surveys carried out by CVVM and other departments of the Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The key finding of the study is the fact that the level of trust in political institutions is mainly determined by factors associated with 1) institutional performance which is related to political situation and the perception of own economic situation or the economic situation of the state; 2) party preferences (presence of so called "the winner effect"). The level of trust in political institutions on national, regional, and local...
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Confidence in Constitutional Institutions and Satisfaction with Political Situation in October 2007
Kunštát, Daniel
In October 2007 within the regular survey CVVM SOÚ AV ČR, v.v.i., questioned respondents about their confidence in constitutional institutions. In this month there was a question about their trust to Chambers of Parliament, Government, President, Local and Regional Councils. As a part of the CVVM surveys there is a question about public satisfaction with current political situation in the Czech Republic. The regular survey of public confidence in constitutional institutions and satisfaction with political situation help to monitor development of public attitudes in the long term.
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