|
|
Study of pesticide degradation using advanced oxidation processes
Vlach, Tomáš ; Repková, Martina (referee) ; Mravcová, Ludmila (advisor)
In the master’s thesis are expleined and described proceses and terms related by problematic degradation of pesticides using advenced oxidation proceses and their possibilities of determinations. The essence of the experimental work was development and validate created method for determination of chosen pesticides. Degradation of this pesticides by advenced oxidation proceses and their determination after degradation. The aim of the work was compare chosen oxidation methods and summary of results for designe of the most appropriate method.
|
|
|
Removal of selected pharmaceuticals from the treated wastewater by oxidation processes
Novotný, Hana ; Macsek, Tomáš (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
The aim of the work is research and summarize the currently available information about micropollutants with a focus on drugs and pesticides. The first part deals with the description, occurrence of micropollutants and their effects on organisms. The second part deals with the possibility of removing selected drugs from wastewater and the application of such methods in practice, and evaluates the effectiveness and economic aspects of O3, O3 + H2O2, O3 + UV and O3 + H2O2 + UV.
|
|
|
Monitoring drug removal efficiency from water by selected adsorbents
Moravčíková, Světlana ; Talašová, Lucie (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the efficiency of removal of pharmaceuticals from drinking water by selected adsorption materials. The first part describes sources of pharmaceuticals in drinking water and possible ways of contaminating water by pharmaceuticals. Subsequently, the pharmaceuticals most commonly found in the environment - nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, psychiatric drugs and sex hormones - are described in more detail. Next, the thesis describes the processes used for removal of pharmaceuticals. These are activated carbon adsorption, membrane processes and advanced oxidation processes. The last chapter of the theoretical part of the thesis deals with water treatment plants, where the technologies for removing drugs are already in operation. In the practical part of this thesis an experiment was performed and evaluated, for a purpose of comparing the efficiency of selected sorption materials in the removal of diclofenac from water. Filtrasorb F100, Bayoxide E33 and GEH were used.
|
|
|
Assessment of the effectiveness of advanced oxidation processes via ecotoxicity tests
Procházková, Petra ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
Recently, an increasing problem in wastewater treatment is the insufficient removal of organic pollutants. These substances can be toxic to the environment already in a small amount, either acutely or chronically. The goal is therefore to develop of technologies that ensure their effective removal. One possibility is to use advanced oxidation processes. Advanced oxidation processes work on the principle of non-selective oxidation mediated by OH radicals. Several methods such as O3/H2O2 (Peroxone), UV/H2O2 or Fenton´s reaction can be used to generate them. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effectiveness of the used advanced oxidation processes in wastewater treatment via ekotoxicity tests. Wastewater samples treated with advanced oxidation processes on the pilot unit showed low values of acute toxicity for selected test organisms (D. magna, T. platyurus, S. alba, L. minor). For the sample of waste water that was treated with the UV/H2O2 on AOP laboratory unit, there was an increase in acute toxicity on the testing organism D. magna and L. minor. The similar effect was observer in the tests with the D. magna with the model samples treated with the same method, while the tests on the L. minor showed a reduction in toxicity.
|
|
|
Removal of sulfonamide antibiotics using advanced oxidation processes
Fučík, Jan ; Suková, Petra (referee) ; Tulková, Tereza (advisor)
This thesis deals with a present problem of increasing concentrations of pharmaceuticals and other micropollutants in aquatic environment, because these micropollutants are not treated sufficiently in conventional wastewater treatment plants. It is necessary to develop new technological processes, that are able to treat these pollutants sufficiently. One of the options is that conventional methods would be complementary with advanced oxidation processes (AOP), which would work as a tertiary cleaning process on wastewater treatment plants. The actual knowledge, principle of the plasma discharge and principle of analytical methods is described in theoretical part of the thesis. In experimental part of the thesis, the plasma discharge is used for removal of sulfonamide antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole), as the representative of AOP. Samples were taken during the plasma treatment of the model solution of sulfamethoxazole. These samples were analysed by LC-ESI-MS as the appropriate analytical method. An efficiency of degradation of sulfamethoxazole in different solutions (neutral, acidic and alkaline) was evaluated in this bachelor thesis. A suitability of plasma application on degradation of sulfonamide antibiotics was reviewed by comparing with other AOP.
|
|
|
Study of glyphosate degradation in water plasma application
Vašinková, Alena ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Mravcová, Ludmila (advisor)
This work deals with the current problem of increasing concentrations of glyphosate in groundwater and wastewater due to insufficient efficiency of methods used in wastewater treatment. From this point of view effective removing of glyphosate from water have to be developed by new methods and technological processes. The methods used so far in wastewater treatment plants should be replaced or supplemented by advanced oxidation processes. The practical part of this work is devoted to glyphosate and its degradation in water by plasma. Samples were taken sequentially during plasma application and further evaluated by LC/MS selected as suitable analytical methods. The aim of this work was to determine the efficiency of plasma in water with admixture of glyphosate.
|
|
|
Use of plasma for degradation of ibuprofen in water
Bača, Ondřej ; Landová, Pavlína (referee) ; Mravcová, Ludmila (advisor)
This Bachelor’s thesis deals with the current problem of increasing concentrations of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water. The concentration increase of these drugs is due to rised anti-inflammatory drugs intake in modern era. Wastewater treatment plants are not capable of sufficient elimination of these drugs in wastewater. That leads to contamination of groundwater and surface water. The long-term impacts of these drugs on human health is not fully understood, so it is necessary to develop new methods, which will lead to complete degradation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other pollutants. Theoretical part of the Bachelor’s thesis focuses on description and properties of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and their consumption in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, the paper deals with advanced oxidation processes especially with plasma. This part of the paper also deals with determination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in water. For degradation of ibuprofen was used plasma. During the plasma treatment, samples were taken in regular time intervals, which were afterwards determined by an appropriate analytical method LC-ESI-MS. The results were compared with scientific studies dealing with this topic.
|
|
|
Removal of selected organic pollutants from water using advanced oxidation processes
Dalajková, Nikola ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Repková, Martina (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is the determination of selected organic pollutants with a focus on artificial sweeteners in waste water from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) Modřice and the subsequent degradation of the thus obtained concentrations in model water using advanced oxidation processes (AOP). Two sweeteners were determined, namely sucralose and saccharin found in waste water. Synthetic sweeteners are not sufficiently cleaned in the WWTP and penetrate the environment. Effective processes for removing organic substances, including alternative sweeteners, are AOP processes. These processes are based on reactions of highly reactive hydroxyl radical (OH·), which is produced by many chemical reactions. Generally, they use ozone (O3) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). On sampling, wastewater samples were treated with Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) and then evaluated by HPLC/MS (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). In observing the degradation of selected sweeteners, three AOP methods were used: O3/UV, H2O2/UV and O3/H2O2. For each of these methods, the efficiency of degradation of sucralose and saccharin was investigated. From the evaluated data it was found that the most efficient AOP process for removing artificial sweeteners from water is the O3/H2O2 method.
|
|
|
Removing organic contamination from water, using UV radiation.
Venská, Petra ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Repková, Martina (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on possibilities of applications of UV radiation to remove pollutants from water. It summarizes sources of UV radiation and list their benefits and properties. The thesis characterizes so called advanced oxidation processes using UV light. Degradation pathways od pyridine and its derivatives especially halogenated pyridines are described. The photodegradability of pyridine and a rate of this reaction in model water is investigated in the experimental part. Also, the effect of concentration and dose of H2O2 is assessed. Gas chromatography was used to determinate concentrations of pyridine in samples.
|
|
|
Advanced oxidation processes in environmental applications
OLŠAN, Pavel
The aim of this thesis is the study of application of the synergistic effects of various advanced oxidation processes (AOP) used for decomposition of chemical compounds resistant to biodegradation. The synergistic effect of photocatalytically active material and low temperature plasma were tested in my thesis. Model substances with photocatalytically active material were exposed to atmospheric plasma discharge (Gliding Arc) in order to improve generation of the active hydroxyl groups and oxidation processes. The first chapter of the theoretical part summarizes the knowledge of advanced oxidation processes, their principles and utilization. Next chapters are dedicated to basic summary of titanium dioxide and types of creating the thin films. The last part of theoretical chapter describes the types of plasma discharges. The experimental part describes the equipment for decomposition of chemical compounds resistant to biodegradation using AOP. Next chapter of the experimental part is dedicated to decomposition of organic dye AO7 and antibiotic Verapamil hydrochloride. The last chapter summarizes the results of the experiments.
|
guest ::
