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Inhibiting and facilitating fear in mathematics in grammar school students.
Kratochvílová, Aneta ; Pavelková, Isabella (advisor) ; High, Radka (referee)
In the school environment, students commonly encounter various forms of fear. In the literature, the fear experienced by students is thematized as test anxiety and fear of failure. School anxiety is associated both with the deterioration of pupils' performance and with its potential improvement. The aim of this work is to map the relationship between pupils' experienced fear in mathematics lessons, their performance and other motivational variables. We focused on differentiating the facilitating, for the performance beneficial fear, and the inhibiting, for the performance debilitating fear. The data collection took place in the form of a questionnaire survey, with the involvement of students of the second year of the four-year grammar school and the corresponding year of the six-year grammar school. We investigated the students' attitudes towards mathematics, the degree of experienced fear, the average grade in mathematics, learning motivation for the subject and BIS/BAS sensitivity, representing an indicator of facilitating and inhibiting fear. We used open questions to map the moment of fear. The results show a connection between the pupils' experience of fear, attitudes towards mathematics, partly also learning motivation and their average grade in this subject. Success in the subject of...
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Achievement motivation and time perspective pupil
Stehlíková, Lenka ; Pavelková, Isabella (advisor) ; Škaloudová, Alena (referee)
The bachelor's thesis focuses on the concept of time perspective and partly on the concept of achievement motivation of primary school students. The entire text is structured into two parts - theoretical and practical one. The emphasis is mainly put on the practical part and related research. The first part aims at the theoretical concept of achievement motivation and time perspective. The description of the concept of achievement motivation defines the achievement motivation as such, reveals its sources, differentiates between its particular types, presents theoretical assumptions maily set by Atkinson, Heckhausen and shows the diagnostic methods by which it is assessed. The second phenomenon is the time perspective to which the major attention is paid. The description of the time perspective applies the knowledge of the time perception and of the impact of the time perspective on the behaviour and presents Gjemse's concept of the orientation to future. The crucial person for this thesis is the French specialist Joseph Nuttin who deeply analyses the personality-motivational concept of time perspective theory. Moreover we should not forget about the Czech author Isabella Pavelková who also comes with the concept of perspective orientation. The second part focuses on the research conducted in...
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Dynamic testing of cognitive abilities of children and adolescents
Rybářová, Karolína ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (advisor) ; Šírová, Eva (referee)
The thesis presents a dynamic approach to the assessment in school psychology and the current practice of its application with an emphasis on the context of the Czech environment. Characteristics of dynamic assessment, theoretical background and a comparison with traditional assessment are defined. The largest part is devoted to the use of dynamic assessment in practice. Various methods of dynamic assessment and their possible uses and applications are described. The text also discusses the role of teacher in the process of dynamic assessment, its meaning in the context of inclusive education and monitors the situation in the Czech environment. The research project focuses on comparing outputs of traditional and dynamic tests and their effect on teacher's work with a student. Keywords dynamic approach, educational psychology, assessment of children and adolescents, assessment methods, teacher, inclusion, comparing traditional and dynamic assessment
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Boredom among high school students
Nikorjaková, Petra ; Pavelková, Isabella (advisor) ; Hříbková, Lenka (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is of theoretical-empirical nature. The theoretical part of the thesis consists of the characteristics of the concept of boredom, including its etymology, history, typology. It also deals with theoretical conceptualizations of boredom relevant to pedagogical psychology, types of responses to boredom, coping strategies and description of the method for evaluating boredom. Finally yet importantly, it deals with motivation and it examines the characteristics of adolescent age and the pupils' attitudes toward school subjects. In the empirical part of the thesis, a research survey is carried out with the aim to find out the difference in the inclination to boredom by gender, the difference in the inclination to boredom by year, the difference in the experience of boredom in graduation and non-graduation subjects, and the importance of graduation and non-graduation subjects. The data was collected through the BPS questionnaire, which was completed by attitudes of students towards selected subjects. Due to the pandemic situation, the data collection took place online.
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Mental representation of parents of children in institutional care
Myšková, Lucie
MENTAL REPRESENTATION OF PARENTS OF CHILDREN IN INSTITUTIONAL CARE Abstract of dissertation Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Education, Psychology Department Supervisor: PhDr. Irena Smetáčková, Ph.D. Author: Mgr. Lucie Myšková Most children in institutional care have their families and are in contact with them, but for various reasons these children grow up in a familycan not. We know from scientific works, that there is usually a cold atmosphere, weak interest in children, or violence in these families. But children placed in institutional care positive express of parents, practice show and it is known, that children, who do not live with their parents, idealize them. Children selected in the study were in development of the older school age, which is characterized among other critical look at adults. The work is based on the above-mentioned ambivalence and focuses on the mental representation of parents ofolder school children placed in institutional care. The theme is monitored by using several methods (questionnaire, drawing, interview, determining polarities). The obtained data were quantitative - qualitative processed and compared with similar data obtained in a group of children growing up in a family. It was found that ideas of parents of older school age children living in institutional...
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Time perspective and fear about the future of pupils
Jelínková, Kristýna ; Pavelková, Isabella (advisor) ; Škaloudová, Alena (referee)
The thesis deals with the relationship between the time perspective and the concerns of second grade elementary school students. In the theoretical part we briefly introduce the time perspective and various theoretical views on it. Furthermore, we will get acquainted with the theory of Zimbardo and Boyd, from whose theory of the time perspective we are based on and use their diagnostic tool to examine the time perspective. Then we will introduce fear, its various concepts and define it against anxiety and concerns. Subsequently, we will focus on the theory of J. A. Gray, which we have chosen to examine fear. In the empirical part of the thesis we will present our research sample, which are pupils of the 8th and 9th grade of elementary school. Our goal is to explore the relationship between the future and fear in these students, and we also want to chart the specific concerns they have, about the future. We used both quantitative and qualitative methods to examine our goal. Quantitative methods include the Swedish version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI) and the BIS / BAS questionnaire. Qualitative methods include open-ended questions, which we want to use to chart the specific concerns of the students and it will also help us to illustrate the results from the quantitative...
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