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Adolescents knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases
Dudová, Dominika ; Thorovská, Alena (advisor) ; Váchová, Alena (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with knowledge of adolescents about the prevention and transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with adolescence, the medical field of venerology and veneral diseases. The aim was to examine the knowledge of chosen high school students. Then to compare whether it differs according to the region where the studied school is located or according to the type of school studied. Furthermore, evaluate the assumptions. The quantitative method was chosen as the research method, and a questionnaire was designed for the survey itself, which was sent to the respondents online. It contained 26 questions, open, closed and semi-open, that focused on the prevention and transmission of sexually transmitted diseases and education in high school. After evaluating all the answers from the research, it shows that the majority of students in chosen high school know how sexually transmitted diseases are transmitted and also how to prevent them. It was also discovered that the region in which the selected school is located does not play a role in the difference in knowledge, but the type of school studied does. It was found that most students know about sexually transmitted diseases from the internet. Respondents agree with the teaching of sexually...
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Genus Sergentomyia and its role in the transmission of Leishmania
Hlavačková, Kristýna ; Dvořák, Vít (advisor) ; Sádlová, Jovana (referee)
Sand flies, members of the subfamily Phlebotominae do not occur in the CzechRepublic, but as near as in the Mediterraneantheir fauna is quite abundant. Sand flies can be found approximately between 50řN and 40řS. Species of genus Phlebotomus, Sergentomyia and Lutzomyia include medically and veterinary important vectors of viral and bacterial diseases as well as leishmaniasis, one of the most important human protozoal diseases. 321 years have passed since the first sand fly was described, but only 110 years ago intensive taxonomic work began. Over the years many classification systems have been proposed, mainly based on division of morphological characters. The classification is not clearly settled even after several taxonomic revisions and many questions remain, especially about genus Sergentomyia, which is repeatedly mentioned in connection with transmission of mammals' leishmaniasis. This bachelor thesis gives contemporary summary of taxonomic knowledge of sand flies; special attention is given to genus Sergentomyia.
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Transmission and detection of the crayfish plague pathogen under experimental conditions
Svoboda, Jiří ; Petrusek, Adam (advisor) ; Fiala, Ivan (referee)
The crayfish plague pathogen, Aphanomyces astaci, is one of the most serious threats to European indigenous crayfish species, e.g., the noble crayfish (Astacus astacus). The only way to protect susceptible crayfish species from the disease is to prevent the dispersion of the pathogen to their populations. One of the most important sources of the crayfish plague pathogen in Central Europe is the spiny-cheek crayfish (Orconectes limosus), a species of North American origin, which can carry the parasite in its cuticle for years. Some literature sources claimed that the pathogen dispersion from the American vectors is restricted to periods of moulting or to the time before and after the crayfish death. However, experimental evidence for such hypotheses was lacking. The main aim of my thesis was to test these predictions, and the alternative scenario that the crayfish plague pathogen can be transmitted from the infected spiny-cheek crayfish also in other periods. For this purpose, experiments were set up to investigate A. astaci transmission from infected spiny-cheek crayfish to non-infected spiny-cheek or noble crayfish. As expected, the pathogen was transmitted to noble crayfish much more easily than to the uninfected American host. Nevertheless, we succeeded in the pathogen transmission also among spiny-cheek...
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The Interest Rate Pass Through during the Crisis: Evidence from Slovakia
Ševcech, Marián ; Havránek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Pečená, Magda (referee)
The effectiveness of interest rate pass-through is crucial when shaping monetary policy. In this paper we use error correction framework in order to estimate the speed and the completeness of pass through in Slovakia. Our thesis brings a unique research on how the financial crisis and Euro adoption affect the pass-through. In Slovakia those events occur at the same time; we attempt to distinguish between what phenomenon has greater impact. We also distinguish between what bank characteristics have impact on individual bank's spread during financial crisis. Our results suggest that the interest rate pass-through completeness increases in long term. We however found evidence of decreasing pass-through in case of deposit rates during crisis. Banks are unwiling to lower them and hence harm their competitve position. The pass-through in Slovakia is found to be relatively fast and consistent throughout periods. With the crisis, the speed for mortgages rates however decreases. We conclude that the impact of financial crisis outweights the impact of Euro adoption. Concerning the banks' characteristics, we conclude that higher portion of loans on assets, higher costs over income and better liquidity position decrease the spread. This is explained by the size of Slovakian banking market; banks lower their spread to...
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Influence of Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment on the development of children cognitive abilities
Pokorná, Daniela ; Váňová, Eva (advisor) ; Klusák, Miroslav (referee)
In the theoretical part, this work deals with the problem of comparison between Feuerstein cognitive function and partial cognitive abilities which are mentioned at the Educational Interpretations of the WISC-III. Research study follows up changes in partial cognitive abilities which could be viewed as a consequence of FIE (Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment) intervention lasting several months. By comparison of pre-test and post-test, which is realized by WISC-III and processed with Educational Interpretations of the WISC- III the study tries to describe impact of the method to child's cognitive functions as well as its school successfulness, self-concept, and behavior. Study also pursues possibility to use factor analysis of WISC-III for planning of the FIE intervention. Information was taken from tests, questionnaires for teachers, videos and records of FIE lessons. Research was realized at the Elementary school in a small town with 1700 inhabitants, nearby to Prague. This was the only school in this town. We noticed more or less significant changes in all areas of interest. In some cases, there was agreement in the test results and teacher's evaluation whereas in other there were differences. KEY WORDS Reuven Feuerstein, modifiability of intelligence, deficits of cognitive functions, mediated...
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The Importance of Laplace Transform in Regulation Theory
Kovářová, Karolína ; Dobrovský, Ladislav (referee) ; Dosoudilová, Monika (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the significant role of Laplace transform in regulation theory. The theoretical part is dedicated to the properties of this integral transform and the description of the control system. The usage of Laplace transform in search of process variable, step and impulse function is demonstrated on specific examples of oscillation theory. The final part offers a view on Laplace transform using MATLAB software.
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Hosts and transmission of the crayfish plague pathogen Aphanomyces astaci
Svoboda, Jiří
The crayfish plague pathogen, the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, has been decimating populations of European crayfish species for more than 150 years, and is therefore considered one of the 100 worst world's invasive species. A. astaci is highly specialised for a parasitic life, but it can be isolated from moribund crayfish and grown on synthetic media, as it is the case also for several other oomycetes (chapter 7). The life of A. astaci includes three basic forms: mycelium in host's tissues, and the infective units occurring in water, zoospores and cysts. All North American crayfish species tested so far have shown some resistance to A. astaci, i.e., they could carry the infection for long, serving as vectors of the pathogen. Massive sporulation from infected North American crayfish starts when the host is moulting, stressed, or dying (chapter 4). However, I could show in my experiments that some sporulation occurs even from apparently healthy and non-moulting American crayfish hosting A. astaci, so infected North American crayfish must be considered a permanent source of the infection (chapter 4). Five genotype groups of A. astaci have already been distinguished. Strains from a particular genotype group probably share the same original host crayfish species of North American origin. Nevertheless, they can...
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