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Detoxification of coffee sediments by oxidation processes
Maňáková, Helena ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the detoxification of used coffee grounds by the oxidation processes. The theoretical section describes the characterization of coffee beans and used coffee grounds. Furthermore, this section describes the valorisation of coffee grounds, especially its application as a fertilizer. The final part of the theoretical section focuses on the characterization of phenolic compounds, which are responsible for toxic properties of used coffee grounds, and analytical methods are described, which include UV–VIS spectrophotometry and high–performance liquid chromatography. The aim of the experimental part is the sample preparation, the application of the effective detoxification process and the analysis of the detoxificated used coffee grounds, focusing on the content of phenolic compounds. At the end of the experimental part, data processing is described. Three types of coffee grounds were used for determination of phenolic compounds: raw, defatted and the third type was defatted and simultaneously hydrolysed. High amounts of phenolic acids were identified in every sample, especially the gallic, ferulic, chlorogenic and caffeic acid. After an oxidizing agent was applied, positive detoxification of every sample of used coffee grounds was confirmed. For the most effective and most economical oxidation, a 1% oxidizing agent was chosen, which after a 10–minute oxidization efficiently reduced the content of the phenolic compound.
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Removal of selected medicines from waste water by oxidation processes
Úterský, Michal ; Rusník,, Igor (referee) ; Kučerík,, Jiří (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
A concept of removing of pharmaceuticals from a wastewater is become more important topic. Currently we can see the increasing consumption of pharmaceuticals worldwide and an increasing effective doses of pharmaceuticals due to the resistance of microorganisms. Generally, a medicine means an active substance or their mixtures. The medicine is used for positive influencing of human’s and animal’s health. Nevertheless, a long term presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment leads to chronic toxic aquatic organisms, possibilities of multiplication of multi-resistant pathogenic bacterial strains, deterioration of reproduction of animals and their endocrine system. My dissertation is focused on a removing of pharmaceuticals from the wastewater via advanced oxidation processes. Results of research showed that the advanced oxidation processes are able to reduce concentration of pharmaceuticals. Mainly priority of this problem is other cleaning level of the wastewater which flows away from urban WWTP to river. Wastewaters consist of large volume of pharmaceuticals due to excrements, urination and flushing of outdated pharmaceuticals. An efficiency of advanced oxidation processes on the removal selected types of pharmaceuticals is a part of practical selection of the dissertation.
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Removal of selected medicines from waste water by oxidation processes
Úterský, Michal ; Rusník,, Igor (referee) ; Kučerík,, Jiří (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
A concept of removing of pharmaceuticals from a wastewater is become more important topic. Currently we can see the increasing consumption of pharmaceuticals worldwide and an increasing effective doses of pharmaceuticals due to the resistance of microorganisms. Generally, a medicine means an active substance or their mixtures. The medicine is used for positive influencing of human’s and animal’s health. Nevertheless, a long term presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment leads to chronic toxic aquatic organisms, possibilities of multiplication of multi-resistant pathogenic bacterial strains, deterioration of reproduction of animals and their endocrine system. My dissertation is focused on a removing of pharmaceuticals from the wastewater via advanced oxidation processes. Results of research showed that the advanced oxidation processes are able to reduce concentration of pharmaceuticals. Mainly priority of this problem is other cleaning level of the wastewater which flows away from urban WWTP to river. Wastewaters consist of large volume of pharmaceuticals due to excrements, urination and flushing of outdated pharmaceuticals. An efficiency of advanced oxidation processes on the removal selected types of pharmaceuticals is a part of practical selection of the dissertation.
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|
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Detoxification of coffee sediments by oxidation processes
Maňáková, Helena ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Diviš, Pavel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the detoxification of used coffee grounds by the oxidation processes. The theoretical section describes the characterization of coffee beans and used coffee grounds. Furthermore, this section describes the valorisation of coffee grounds, especially its application as a fertilizer. The final part of the theoretical section focuses on the characterization of phenolic compounds, which are responsible for toxic properties of used coffee grounds, and analytical methods are described, which include UV–VIS spectrophotometry and high–performance liquid chromatography. The aim of the experimental part is the sample preparation, the application of the effective detoxification process and the analysis of the detoxificated used coffee grounds, focusing on the content of phenolic compounds. At the end of the experimental part, data processing is described. Three types of coffee grounds were used for determination of phenolic compounds: raw, defatted and the third type was defatted and simultaneously hydrolysed. High amounts of phenolic acids were identified in every sample, especially the gallic, ferulic, chlorogenic and caffeic acid. After an oxidizing agent was applied, positive detoxification of every sample of used coffee grounds was confirmed. For the most effective and most economical oxidation, a 1% oxidizing agent was chosen, which after a 10–minute oxidization efficiently reduced the content of the phenolic compound.
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