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Comparison of the merits of a particularly serious crime of murder in the Czech and Slovak law
Vrajíková, Melinda ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Herczeg, Jiří (referee)
RESUMÉ The theme of this thesis is comparison of the particularly serious crime of murder in the Czech and Slovak criminal law. The aim of this thesis is to compare the legislation with regard to the particularly serious crime of murder in the Czech and Slovak law, to find its identical, similar or different characteristics and to point them out. The thesis first focuses on the historical development of the legislation with regard to prosecuting the crime of murder, as well as to the constitutional protection of human life in both countries, which are being compared, i.e. the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on the characteristics of crimes against life in general. The key chapter of the work deals with legislation regarding the particularly serious crime of murder and its qualified and privileged facts in the contemporary Czech law. This is followed by a chapter, which presents the current legislation with regard to facts of the crime of murder and related facts of the same crime in the Slovak Republic. The subsequent chapter includes a comparison of the legislation regarding the crime of murder in both countries. Based on the comparison of the legislation related to facts of the crime of murder in the Slovak and Czech law, it is possible to come to the conclusion...
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Psychosocial characteristics of juveline offenders commiting serious crimes
Spurná, Ivana ; Gillernová, Ilona (advisor) ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Jůzl, Miloš (referee)
Dissertation thesis Psychosocial characteristics of juvenile offenders committing serious crimes deals with the juvenile offenders sentenced for a murder commission in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two parts that are a casuistic part and empiric one. Both parts are based on a large research carried out by means of the sample of 19 juveniles within Czech prisons specialized at this age category. Furthermore the casuistic theoretical part is focused on particular socialization and personal characteristics related to juvenile crime. The empiric part lies in research findings on juvenile murderers including female perpetrators resulting from a set of psychological methods and interviews with the convicted persons. Key words Crime Murder - murderer Juvenile Family Education School Peer Leisure time Addictive substances Personality Self-reflection Life satisfaction Mental capability Aggression Psychopathology
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The Crime of Murder under Section 140 of the Czech Criminal Code, Criminal-law and Criminological Aspects
Kadlecová, Zuzana ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
This master's thesis entitled "The Crime of Murder under Section 140 of the Czech Criminal Code, Criminal-law and Criminological Acpects" provides a comprehensive analysis of the most relevant criminal-law and criminological aspects of the crime mentioned above. As the aim of this thesis is to compose a comprehensive text, this thesis also refers to related legal institutes. It is composed of seven chapters and other subchapters and parts, which are connected and arranged in a logical order. There are also considerations de lege ferenda throughout the entire text. The opening part of this thesis deals with the historical development of the legal codification of murder from the Middle Ages until the contemporary Criminal Code which came into effect in 2010. This Criminal Code introduced some significant changes to the area of intentional killings and murders, especially. This thesis also characterises human life and precisely defines the beginning and end thereof. Such moments are pivotal for the purpose of this thesis as these moments are important for determination whether the murder may have been commited or not. A summary of international and internal legal codification which protect human life is also included. The main part of this thesis analyzes systematically the valid legal regulation of...
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Crimes of murder and manslaughter under sections 140 and 141 of the Czech criminal code
Honzík, Jakub ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
(ENG) Crimes of murder and manslaughter under sections 140 and 141 of the Czech criminal code The main objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the codification of crimes of murder and manslaughter. The last recodification from the year of 2009 brought some significant changes into the area of intentional killings, the most important of which is an increased differentiation in the typology of these crimes. The Czech criminal code now differentiates between murder, premeditated murder and manslaughter. These changes can be seen as part of an effort by the Czech legislature to modernize the criminal law along the lines of legal systems typical in Western Europe. On the other hand, it can also be argued that the new Czech codification preserves its unique approach to certain problems. This thesis analyzes individual parts of sections of the Czech criminal code concerned with murder and manslaughter in a systematic manner. The first chapter deals with the historical context of intentional killings as well as providing an analysis of the new arrangement. Chapter two follows by introducing features common along all three types of intentional killings, specifically the actus reus of the crime. The following chapters then describe the different approaches towards intentional...
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Recurrent topics in Nick Cave's lyrics and prose
Wicheová, Eva ; Ženíšek, Jakub (advisor) ; Farrell, Mark Robert (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to compare Nick Cave's lyrics with his prosaic work, especially the novel And the Ass Saw the Angel. It focuses on the main topics covered in his work, such as love, sadness, suffering, death, murder, violence, music, drugs, sex and religion. The topic are observed in relation to the lyrical or epic elements of the text. There are many parallels in his novels that relate to his lifestyle as a musician and a performer.
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Woman as a Perpetrator of Murder
Hrabětová, Jaroslava ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Čírtková, Ludmila (referee) ; Nedbálková, Kateřina (referee)
The thesis is a descriptive study of female perpetrators of murder as viewed from the individual level, primarily focusing on the characteristics of the offender which could affect the murder, and the context of the murderous act. Following a theoretical examination, the empirical section presents the results of research in women's prison using an integrated research methodology of qualitative but also quantitative techniques of data collection and interpretation. The primary research analyzed prison's documents about murderers with the research sample consisting of all imprisoned women ie half of all incarcerated women in the Czech Republic. In-depth interviews were carried out with predominantly perpetrators of intimate homicides; other data collection techniques were used. The data detected the forms of murderous behavior of women, the typology of murder by motivation, mapping the social situation of female convicts in prison, selected attitudes of homicide offenders including the analysis of family murders. The results indicated that the prototype of homicides committed by women are intimate murders that fall within the largest group of intrafamily murder. The most common cause is a partner homicide conflict situations, long-term domestic violence and excessive alcohol consumption for both...
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Crime of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the criminal code
Černý, Ondřej ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
Resumé The goal of this thesis is to analyse corpora delicti of the crimes of murder and manslaughter according to sections 140 and 141 of the Criminal Code, evaluate their present application by Czech courts, and to point out possible solutions to some problematic or unclarified questions. In the beginning, the thesis concerns itself with historical development of intentional homicides in the Czech country with emphasis on great codifications of 18th and 19th century. Subsequently, the interest shifts onto the question of human life as an object of intentional homicides. The core of the thesis is a thorough analysis of the crimes of murder and manslaughter, their mutual relation, and systematic incorporation in the Criminal Code. After that, there follows a short comparative assessment of the same topic in French law according to Code pénal. Then, attention is paid to developmental stages of mentioned crimes. The chosen topic is methodologically addressed in a way that every subtopic is first examined from the doctrinal theoretical point of view, and then treated in the light of judicial practice. Thus, it is presented how Czech practise of the courts interprets the written law with emphasis on terms and features that have not been used in Czech law so far. The result of this thesis is mainly the discovery...
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Selected personality characteristics of homicide perpetrator and the features of their offence
Fajtlová, Zuzana ; Boukalová, Hedvika (referee) ; Bahbouh, Radvan (referee)
This doctoral thesis is based on the diploma thesis, that has been successfully accepted as a master thesis. It is focused on the topic from the field of forensic psychology, mainly on the relationship between the personality of criminal offender and its reflection in the commission of crime. The theoretical part deals with the analysis of crime scene and crime scene investigation from the perspective of criminalistics with an overlap to other parts of forensic psychology. It also involves the typology of organized and disorganized offender and description of their personalities and behavior at the crime scene, specifically the issue of the characteristics of the modus operandi of murder in relation to the crime scene is classified. Attention is also paid to the forensic medical issues, injuries of the victim, from the point of view of forensic psychology. Last chapter of the theoretical part is focused on offender's personality, especially potential psychopathology. The final part of the theory is dedicated to the perpetrators' motivation, to the general focus on homicidal motivation on one side, and to the different typologies of murderers' motivation on another side. The empiric part is focused on searching for the relationships between personality variables of the offender and the way how the...
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Crime of murder and manslaughter under section 140, 141 of the criminal code
Kočka-Amort, Václav ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
Resumé This Master's thesis concerns murder and manslaughter under ss. 140 and 141 of the Czech Penal Code. It is impossible to solve this problem globally, because it is a very broad topic. The thesis focuses on s. 140 (3), which covers qualified murders. The author tries to describe qualified elements in such murders on the background of jurisprudence and court decisions; then he considers them. The qualified elements under s. 140 (3) of the Czech Penal Code are divided into seven chapters. The author not only describes the elements in each chapter, he also tries to analyse the possibility of legal qualification of manslaughter in situations, where qualification elements under s. 140 (3) of the Czech Penal Code are formally satisfied. Each of the chapters contains a brief comparison with German law, too. The thesis is composed of ten chapters. Chapter One is the introduction to murders and intentional killings generally. It provides the system of intentional killings under the Czech Penal Code, Czech legal history of such crimes, obligatory elements in murders and it deals with differences between affective and premeditative murders. Chapter Two introduces legal regulation of qualified elements under s. 140 (3) of the Czech Penal Code. The following seven chapters are the main part of the thesis. Chapter...
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Crime of murder and killing under Section 140, Section 141 of the Czech Criminal Code
Stašková, Martina ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
- Crime of murder and killing under Section 140, Section 141 of the Czech Criminal Code The target of my thesis is primarily a closer analysis of the legal characteristics of subject matters of crimes of murder and killing under § 140 and 141 of the Criminal Code, based on the grounds of the available literature and case law. The first chapter outlines the history and conception of intentional killing on the Czech territory, including their punishment, since the primitive culture society until the adoption of the Law no. 40/2009 Coll. (Criminal Code). The second chapter is devoted to a brief definition of a new system of the problematics of crimes against life and health in the new Criminal Code, including various forms of intentional killing, and is designed as a general introduction for further explanation. In the next chapter, we discuss human life as an object of crime, with a focus on clarifying the issue of its beginning and end, because it is necessary to define the period in which human life is protected by the criminal law. In order to make the text more synoptic, the main explanation for the offence of murder is divided into two chapters. The first one is there for introduction to the basics of the subject matters of this crime. In the sub-chapter devoted to the subjective aspect I...
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