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Assessment of Speech as Language Skill of Secondary School Pupils during Russian Language Lessons
Bošinová, Veronika ; Rozboudová, Lenka (advisor) ; Konečný, Jakub (referee)
The topic of the thesis is assessment of speech as a language skill of secondary school students during Russian language lessons. The theoretical part is dedicated to assessment in the process of learning, its purpose, functions and types. The next part involves assessing as a part of teaching a foreign language, following up with detailed focus on assessment of speech of secondary school students. In practical part, it is analyzed to what extent the assessment of speech during Russian language lessons in secondary schools is being applied, or what types of assessment are represented. KEYWORDS assessment, speech, student, skill, formative assessment
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ESP Speaking Activities for Students of Information Technology
Pospíšil, Ondřej ; Smutný, Milan (referee) ; Ellederová, Eva (advisor)
Pojem mluvený jazyk se hojně používá pro označení každého hlasově produkovaného jazyka i neverbální řeči. Produkce mluveného jazyka zahrnuje vyhledávání informací z paměti, vytváření plánů artikulačního programu, exekutivní kontrolu a sebekontrolu. Tyto strategie lze spojit s názvy domén dlouhodobé paměti, motorické kontroly a exekutivní kontroly. Produkce mluveného jazyka se logicky dělí na tři základní kroky: rozhodnutí, co vyjádřit, určení způsobu vyjádření a samotné výsledné vyjádření. Ačkoli dosažení cílů rozhovoru, strukturování vyprávění a modulace průběhu dialogu jsou ze své podstaty rozhodující pro pochopení toho, jak lidé mluví, psycholingvistický výzkum jazykové produkce je většinou zaměřen na formulaci jednotlivých výroků. Z tohoto důvodu hraje vyhodnocení mluveného diskurzu ve třídě důležitou roli při vytváření zásadních poznatků o komplexní povaze třídních struktur, interakcí a vztahů. Tato práce uvádí, jakým způsobem se řeč vyvíjí, jaké důležité principy z gramatického a lingvistického hlediska je nutné dodržovat a v poslední řadě se zaměřuje na rozvoj řeči s ohledem na to, že se nejedná o mateřský jazyk. Pro úspěšného mluvčího je nutné řečové aktivity rozvíjet správným způsobem. Jak má vypadat vhodná aktivita pro rozvoj řečové dovednosti mluvení popisuje poslední kapitola teoretické části této bakalářské práce a její praktická část. Všechny aktivity byly navrženy na základě dotazníkového šetření, které bylo uskutečněno mezi 69 studenty Vysokého učení technického v Brně. Aktivity jsou zaměřeny na rozvoj řečové dovednosti mluvení v oboru informačních technologií.
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Linguistic analysis of current speeches
VÁVROVÁ, Kamila
This diploma thesis addresses the issue of spoken speech - it deals with speech by presenters of selected television programmes. The theoretical section discusses the functional style of journalism, summarises current knowledge about the production of speech and the audio aspects of language, while also providing basic information about lexis, syntax and nonverbal communication. The research section focuses on the ways of constructing spoken expressions and a description of linguistic devices at the phonetic-phonological, morphological, syntactic and lexical levels. Non-verbal communication is also evaluated. Expressions are analysed and compared.
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Non-finite clauses (infinitive, gerund, present participle) and speech
Černá, Daniela ; Müllerová, Eva (advisor) ; Jančík, Jiří (referee)
The aim of the thesis "Non-finite clauses (infinitive, gerund, present participle) and speech" is to describe the occurence and the use of the non-finite clauses in spoken French. The situation of the non-finite clauses in speech is established by means of the analysis of the essay "Usage du gérondif et du participe présent en francais parlé et écrit : étude comparée basée sur corpus" and the inquiry. Another aim is to suggest various expressions that could replace the non-finite clauses. These expressions result from the inquiry that was made with only natives speakers responding. We also try to consider the influence of different aspects such as age, profession, nationality on the usage of the the non-finite clauses. The conclusions that we come to in the thesis should enlighten the situation of the non-finite clauses infinitive, gerund, present participle in spontaneous speech and they could also serve as a tool for French teachers in the form of a review of the present state of the issue in spoken French. KEYWORDS non-finite clause, infinitive, gerund, present participle, speech
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Differences in communication between men and women
Kuželová, Markéta ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Šmejkalová, Martina (referee)
The topic of the thesis is to monitor differences in communication between men and women. The theoretical part summarizes the information about communication in general and outlines the differences in communication between men and women. The empirical part is based on interview. We examine possible differences of verbal communication between men and women with university education. Following characteristics were examined: formality, expressions, vulgar, addressing, topics, and the role in communication and interruptions. The results provide information about relatively specific differences in verbal communication between men and women. It was found that men use significantly more technical terms, use more vulgar words, while women choose such expressions exeptionally. Men do not interrupt the other speaker, women interrupt in more than 50% cases.. The results confirm previously published findings on this topic.
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Selected aspects of radio programmes on cooking
Jelínková, Blanka ; Andrlová Fidlerová, Alena (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
This thesis discusses selected linguistic aspects of two radio culinary broadcasts (Rozhlas u plotny, Pochoutky). The theoretical part deals with the tradition of spoken language research, its resources and the phenomena studied. The conclusion of this chapter is devoted to the approaches to spoken language focused on coherence and cohesion. For the purposes of analysis, transcripts of above mentioned radio culinary broadcasts were made. Specific transcription rules (based on different existing transcription rules) were created, to suit our type of analysis. In Rozhlas u plotny, the guest is a professional chef, in Pochoutky, the guest is an actor or a presenter. First part of the work briefly describes and compares language of these two types of speakers in the terms of phonetics, morphology, lexicology, syntax and stylistics. Subsequently, the main part of the thesis concentrates on textual syntax and describes cohesion and coherence of spoken dialogue. From this point of view, it focuses on comparison of two types of dialogues (and two types of speakers): predominantly continuous dialogue vs. predominantly interrupted dialogue (e.g. by overlapping talk). Thus, it gives examples representing various ways of retaining cohesion and coherence in continuous dialogue and in interrupted dialogue. Key...
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Verbal padding in spoken language on the Czech media scene exemplified by reporters of the Czech television and the Czech radio
Švejkovský, Jakub ; Šoltys, Otakar (advisor) ; Němcová Tejkalová, Alice (referee)
Speaking is an immensely complex area of human communication. Speakers whose speech is fluent, without hesitation, pauses and any other shortcomings, have been and are still admired most of all speakers. Most people are encouraged by the effects of fillers and performance additions. However, the two means that fill the language to be more coherent are, of course, considered to be significant language flaws. Still, the oral speech is inherent to us. The author of the bachelor thesis used it to prove that the fillers and performance additions are not spoken only by ordinary people, but also by those for who the language is living. Since neither oral speech by professional speakers is completely coherent in any circumstances, even the best speakers are occasionally forced to use paradoxically language flaws for smoother speech. In order to confirm this theory, the author chose a media scene environment where he analyzed the speeches of Czech TV and Czech Radio editors.
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Czech of Spanish Speakers (case study)
Petrželová, Ivana ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Rejzek, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor's thesis Czech of Spanish Speakers is divided into two parts. The first is theoretical and deals mainly with the issue of language transfer. The second part analyzes the errors in two specific texts provided by a Spanish native speaker, one being a written text and the other a transcript of speech. Errors are separately analyzed from a phonetic, grammatical, morphologic, syntactic and lexicological perspective. The central topic of the thesis is native language interference. The conclusion provides an overview and comparison of both texts.
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Non-standard functions of "like" in spoken discourse
Raušová, Veronika ; Brůhová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
This thesis is concerned with the non-standard functions of the word like in spoken discourse. The aim of this thesis is to categorize the non-standard functions that had been described in the past 30 years and create a comprehensive overview, which might serve as a guideline for further research. The theoretical part of the thesis offers a compilation of standard and non-standard functions that like may represent in spoken discourse. As a non- standard function is considered the use of like as a focus marker, hedge, quotative marker and a discourse marker. The second, methodological, part describes the method of extraction of the sample of 100 instances from the COCA. The following part then contains analysis of the extracted instances, which are categorized according to the theoretical frame created in the theoretical part of this thesis. The analysis also concerns the position of like in the utterance and frequent collocations. The result of this thesis is a confirmed theoretical frame containing the non-standard functions of like extended by an additional quotative construction, more detailed description of the hedge and the focus marker like and also a confirmation that non- standard like is certainly not only an empty intrusive word but a multifunctional, ever- developing, device with which...
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Supporting speaking competence of children in primary school
Khýrová, Lenka ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Šebesta, Karel (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with support of speaking competence of children in primary school. It focuses especially on the 5th and 6th grade students and on an expository writing whereas it explicates the basic developmental characteristics of this age group. In its crucial part, diploma comes with a unique set of activities, which could accompany the exercises in the Czech language textbooks used nowadays. Finally, in the closing chapter, the testing of selected activities with a group of 5th grade students is described including an evaluation and a feedback of students. Keywords: speaking competence, primary school, communication education, expository writing, word games, Czech language textbooks
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