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Insects as a model group of organisms for the research of knowledge about and attitudes to invertebrate animals
Jelínek, Filip ; Mourek, Jan (advisor) ; Janšta, Petr (referee)
This thesis is a literature review that aims to process the available literature on attitudes towards insects, knowledge about insects and the ways in which the perception of insects by humans can be influenced. In the chapters focused on attitudes towards insects, I show how the emotions of disgust and fear lead to negative views of insects and, conversely, how the perception of their beauty and importance promotes positive views of insects. In the knowledge section, I show how people confuse true information about insects with myths, inaccurately distinguishing between what is an insect and what is not, which insects are dangerous and which are not. In the last chapters, I present the literature that deals with the ways in which attitudes towards insects and knowledge about insects can be influenced. I deal with the effect of urbanization, experiential educational programs and the picture of insects in human culture, namely in language, poetry, fictional literature and fine arts
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The effect of a child's hospitalisation on the whole family
Lejnarová, Andrea ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the hospitalization of a child and all the factors that affect other family members in connection with the child's admission to a medical facility. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on the child, the perception of illness, the impact of hospitalization on the child, as well as on the family, siblings and cooperation with medical staff. The empirical part is based on a quantitative research investigation and analysis of the data collected. The aim of the empirical part was to find out whether the child's hospitalization affects the family, family life and siblings. A quantitative research method was used using a non-standardized questionnaire of own design, which was intended for parents of children hospitalized in pre- selected wards of Motol University Hospital. 123 completed questionnaires were included in the actual survey. The reserch results of the survey show that parents of hospitalized children do not have sufficient support from the medical staff. The greatest support is provided by the family, which also provides help in the home and with other children. In conclusion, after evaluating the data collected, I believe it is important and could be beneficial to explore this issue in more detail. The results of the investigation will be forwarded to the...
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Procedural pain and emotions in children during Covid -19 vaccination
Hnyková, Veronika ; Raudenská, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Vlachová, Marie (referee)
Premises: This thesis focuses on mapping the share of fear and procedural pain during Covid-19 vaccination of children aged 5 to 18 years. Objectives: The aim of the bachelor thesis was to map the extent of fear and procedural pain during Covid-19 vaccination and to determine which factors influence them. Methodology: Data collection for this bachelor thesis took place at the vaccination centre of the Motol University Hospital and Thomayer University Hospital. The statistical dataset was collected from 39 children meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. The questionnaire survey was conducted personally by approaching the parent whose child was vaccinated against Covid -19, obtaining the parent's written informed consent to provide information, obtaining the child's verbal consent, and then conducting a 5-10 minute joint interview while asking questions. Results: Based on the statistical data processing, a statistical dependency was confirmed in the perceived intensity of pain during injection between girls and boys. The differences lie in the fact that girls show a greater dispersion in responses, meaning they distinguish the perceived pain more, while boys generally report the same intensity of pain. From the analysis of hypotheses, a significant statistical correlation was also found between...
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Tourism participants' psychological responses to terrorism and related security threats: Geographical conditionality and manifestations
Krajňák, Tomáš ; Vágner, Jiří (advisor) ; Siwek, Tadeusz (referee) ; Daněk, Petr (referee)
Existing literature examining the impacts of safety and security on tourism has paid considerable attention to the role of the psychological responses of tourism participants. It has also confirmed the centrality of these responses in the process of how security threats influence tourist behaviour. However, no attempt has been made to clarify whether the psychological responses are also geographical in nature. The dissertation primarily intends to address this shortcoming by examining the influence of political- security threats. Therefore, its main aim is to identify and clarify the geographical conditionality and manifestations of tourism participants' psychological responses to terrorism and related security threats. The empirical part of the dissertation is the result of several conducted studies published in four journal articles. Therefore, multiple methods of data collection and analysis were used to achieve the main aim of the thesis. The work required a certain pragmatic approach to engage both positivist and more interpretivist methods. Still, consistency between the philosophical starting points and the adopted methods was not neglected, as it prevailed in the treatment of the sub-aims and in the resultant publication outputs. Specifically, the methods employed include a systematic...
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Boo Boo
Švantnerová, Izabela ; Fišerová, Lucia (referee) ; Gravlejs, Ivars (advisor)
We dedicate ourselves to the time of our rest, which many of us look forward to all day long. However, there are those among us who do not consider night, dreaming and sleep to be a time of rest. Sleep disorders are an unpleasant part of many of us and are becoming an increasingly discussed topic / problem. Sleep paralysis does not give us obvious answers to reality and dream - The work deals with monsters that become our houseplants during the night. And it is these monsters that are the basis for the ominous sleep experience. How else to deal with fear than to get to know him and understand him. So we create an "encyclopedia" of night monsters / flowers, based on which are illustrations of different people from different groups, working with the supplied materials and creating prototypes of a scary creature.
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Distress
Kašubová, Barbora ; Alster, MgA Darina (referee) ; Ruller, Tomáš (advisor)
The topic of the diploma thesis is fear, the form is an audiovisual installation with social overlap. Audio created from recordings of interviews on a given topic and spatial installations. It is therefore a matter of creating several elements that will put together a complete installation. One of the elements is conversations with people about their feelings, fears and fears - work also has a social overlap. The second element is the installation and use of sound recordings of the requested persons. The end result is a room where the voices of people are played, the walls are formed of reflective surfaces so that the visitor can see himself in the spacious darkness. Reflective material is not mirrors, I want to create a blurred image of faces.
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Subjective and psychophysiological parametres of emotions elicited by various animal taxa
Peterková, Šárka
SUBJEKTIVNÍ A PSYCHOFYZIOLOGICKÉ PARAMETRY EMOCÍ, KTERÉ VZBUZUJÍ RŮZNÉ SKUPINY ZVÍŘAT Mgr. Šárka Peterková Abstract The central theme of this dissertation is human evaluation of animals from the perspective of subjectively experienced emotions and their psychophysiological correlates. It deals mainly with the emotion of disgust and its connection with aesthetic evaluation and perception of animal beauty, and, on the other hand, with another negative emotion, fear. It also aims to assess the findings from an evolutionary perspective and to understand the role of emotions evoked by animals in present times. It contains a total of six papers that were part of broader scientific projects, each of which addresses the subject from a slightly different angle. The first paper is a review dealing with negative emotions evoked by animals and is thus part of the theoretical introduction to this dissertation. It provides an overview of the subjective evaluation of animals according to fear and disgust, places the role of negative emotions in an evolutionary context, and finally analyses specific morphological features of representatives of different taxa that influence human perception. The second article details the assessment of emotions evoked by amphibians. In this case, the degree of perceived disgust is so...
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Response to dangerous animals in Europe and Africa - attention and emotions
Štolhoferová, Iveta ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Telenský, Petr (referee) ; Burda, Hynek (referee)
The focus of this thesis on the emotions elicited by certain animals and the attentional bias towards these animals in two completely different human populations - the Czech Republic and the Republic of Somaliland. Animals have long been at the center of human interest, yet our knowledge of what emotions animals evoke is surprisingly incomplete, especially outside of the so-called WEIRD societies. We found that snakes, scorpions, and large carnivores elicited the greatest fear in Somalis. Among Czechs, however, spiders were also among the most feared animals. Both populations were the least afraid of beetles and grasshoppers. Spontaneous attentional bias during free viewing of two simultaneously presented images reflected both this cross-cultural difference and agreement. When a scorpion and a spider were presented together, the Somalis looked significantly more at the scorpion, but the Czechs distributed their attention more evenly between the two animals, although a slight bias in favor of the scorpion was apparent. In contrast, when the grasshopper was presented with a spider or a scorpion, both Czechs and Somalis looked much less at the grasshopper. In the case of snakes, a stimulus highly feared by both Somalis and Czechs, we focused on the effect of the threatening posture on the spontaneous...
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Subjective and psychophysiological parametres of emotions elicited by various animal taxa
Peterková, Šárka ; Landová, Eva (advisor) ; Čmejla, Roman (referee) ; Španiel, Filip (referee)
SUBJEKTIVNÍ A PSYCHOFYZIOLOGICKÉ PARAMETRY EMOCÍ, KTERÉ VZBUZUJÍ RŮZNÉ SKUPINY ZVÍŘAT Mgr. Šárka Peterková Abstract The central theme of this dissertation is human evaluation of animals from the perspective of subjectively experienced emotions and their psychophysiological correlates. It deals mainly with the emotion of disgust and its connection with aesthetic evaluation and perception of animal beauty, and, on the other hand, with another negative emotion, fear. It also aims to assess the findings from an evolutionary perspective and to understand the role of emotions evoked by animals in present times. It contains a total of six papers that were part of broader scientific projects, each of which addresses the subject from a slightly different angle. The first paper is a review dealing with negative emotions evoked by animals and is thus part of the theoretical introduction to this dissertation. It provides an overview of the subjective evaluation of animals according to fear and disgust, places the role of negative emotions in an evolutionary context, and finally analyses specific morphological features of representatives of different taxa that influence human perception. The second article details the assessment of emotions evoked by amphibians. In this case, the degree of perceived disgust is so...
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