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The impacts of battery electric vehicles production on material use
Pěnkavová, Markéta ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Janda, Karel (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to estimate the material impact of the BEV production with the main focus on the BEV battery material demand. This is done using the life cycle analysis (LCA) along with detailed analysis of the battery material demand which is then linked to dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The hybrid form of a fully dynamic CGE model is used to estimate the vehicle stock and annual new registrations for five different vehicle technologies (BEV, PHEV, Petrol, Diesel, CNG) in 2015 to 2050 in the Czech republic. These estimates are done for the business as usual scenario and then six different policy scenarios. The effects of direct government subsidy on BEV purchase are modelled along with the impacts of increase in ICEV registration tax, mineral oil tax surge or an expansion in charging stations market. Consequently, the results from CGE modelling are combined with LCA as the detailed BEV battery material composition data are used to estimate the material impact of increased BEV usage. The results from CGE modelling show a clear increasing trend in BEV usage in the future years for the baseline scenario, in addition, the modelled government scenarios incentivizing the BEV usage were shown to have a pos- sitive effect on BEV sales in the Czech republic while...
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Electronics for reducing the sideband noise of a laser diode by utilizing an unbalanced fiber interferometer
Čížek, Martin ; Šmíd, Radek ; Číp, Ondřej
Measuring length changes of optical resonators requires using of lasers with a narrow spectral width. Moreover, for tracking a whole range of possible lengths a widely-tunable laser is required. Laser sources based on DFB laser diodes have a wide optical frequency tuning range, however their spectral linewidth is up to single MHz. The usual way of narrowing the linewidth is based on stabilizing the wavelength of the laser by locking it on an etalon resonator cavity using for example a PDH setup. This of course leads to losing the tunability. We present a different approach where an unbalanced fiber Michelson interferometer with a measuring arm formed of a long optical fiber spool is used as a an optical frequency discriminator. The output electrical signal from the photodetector proportional to the optical frequency changes is used in a fast servo loop. The controller slightly detunes the laser diode by adjusting its pump current and locks optical frequency changes to a zero value. This leads to reducing the sideband noise of the laser by up to 60 dB. The whole method is independent on the actual wavelength of the laser and works in the whole tuning range of the DFB diode.
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Differentiation of dwarf pine covers in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. with regard to their effects on mountain landscape and hazards related to its clearance
Buček, A. ; Culek, M. ; Friedl, M. ; Kirchner, Karel ; Maděra, P. ; Pecháček, J. ; Roštínský, Pavel ; Sedláček, A. ; Šenfeldr, M. ; Špinlerová, Z. ; Štykar, J. ; Tippner, A. ; Vavříček, D.
The report includes a collection of research studies dealing with selected effects of dwarf pine vegetation on abiotic and biotic natural components and potential hazards related to their clearance, proposed with regard to unoriginality of this species in mountain landscape of the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. Various subjects are solved, involving dwarf pine covers spatial extension, relations of dwarf pine vegetation to geomorphological processes, dominantly slope deformations, its effects on climate, hydrological and nival processes, soil conditions and spruce populations in upper timberline ecoton, geobiocenological typology of the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. summit positions, mapping dwarf pine covers, biotope evolution after their clearance and their biomass quantity.
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