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Energy needs and body composition in individuals with transverse spinal cord injury
Pavlíčková, Jana ; Sadílková, Aneta (advisor) ; Staňová, Alžběta (referee)
Introduction Spinal cord injury is associated with negative changes in body composition, glucose and lipid metabolism. This fact is responsible for a higher risk of metabolic complications in patients with a transverse spinal cord lesion (TML). Individuals tend to achieve a positive energy balance, which leads to an increase in adipose tissue, the development of overweight and obesity and other diseases, and last but not least, to the deterioration of self-sufficiency. Setting optimal energy intake is main key to maintain the patient's health and quality of life. Target The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to determine resting energy rate (RMR) in people after a transverse spinal cord injury. The subject of interest is also the comparison of the results with the prediction equation of Harris-Benedict with the indirect calorimetry (NK) method, to determine the body composition and determine the real energy intake of the diet. A control set of healthy individuals without the handicap of a transverse spinal cord lesion was chosen for the comparison of the obtained data. Methodology The research group consists of adults after a transverse spinal cord lesion. There were 26 people included, 11 women and 15 men, clients of the non-profit organization Centrum Paraple, o.p.s. The average age is 40.3 years...
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Comparative study eating habits university students.
ILLEOVÁ, Annemarie
My Bachelor thesis named "Comparative study of eating habits of university students" is focused on eating habits of research file, i.e. students from the fields of Health Education and National School. The theoretical part involves clarifying the impact of nutrition on an individual's health, describing the composition of the diet, from the point of view of macronutrients. The practical part analyses and evaluates the data collected from students. They provided the results of their weekly food income recorded in an application kaloricketabulky.cz. The thesis is focused on intake of fats, carbohydrates and proteins compared to the average recommended standards.
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Nutritional specifics in OCR
Lišková, Lucie ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Větrovská, Renata (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the nutrition of competitors in the obstacle sport known by the abbreviation OCR. The main task of this work is to describe the importance and significance of sports nutrition and its timing in this strength and endurance sport and consequently compare the diet of OCR competitors with nutritional recommendations for this sport. The aim of the work is to determine what awareness competitors in this sport have about sports nutrition and whether their energy intake is sufficient. The method of evaluation of the dietary record was used for the solution, to which a short questionnaire on the characteristics of the athlete and his training was attached. The research group consisted of 12 competitors (5 women and 7 men) in the age range of 19-33 years. Through research, I found that energy intake was not sufficient for both women and men. The average daily energy intake for women was 8,076 kJ, which corresponds to 83% of the recommended daily intake for this group of women, for men this average intake was 10,519 kJ, i.e. 82% of the recommended standard. In particular, carbohydrates played a key role in inadequate energy intake, their amount being significantly lower than recommended in both sexes. Based on quantitative research, I can say that OCR competitors do not have...
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Use of indirect calorimetry in nutritional therapy
Pokorná, Veronika ; Sadílková, Aneta (advisor) ; Žůrková, Pavla (referee)
Introduction: Indirect calorimetry (IC) is a very accurate and non-invasive method which is used in clinical practice to measure the resting metabolic rate. This method is based on the assumption that oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production and nitrogen metabolite waste are in definite relation to energy consumption. Based on the measurement of resting metabolic rate, a nutritional therapist can individually determine daily energy intake of a respective individual, the optimal amount of specific nutrients and thus prevents excessive or inadequate intake of energy and nutrients. Objective: The main aim of this thesis is to compare for group of overweight patients the results of the measurement of the resting metabolic rate (RMR), values of the resting metabolic rate calculated according to the Harris-Benedict (HB) equation and the actual energy intake calculated from the diet report obtained from the patients. In addition, the body composition of the examined group with a focus on the amount of muscle tissue is also marginally evaluated. Methods: The research sample includes in total 50 persons-36 women and 14 men. These persons are patients of the General Faculty Hospital in Prague. The average age is 46 years for women and 51 years for men. The average BMI for women is 38,2 kg/m2 and for men...
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Inflence of nutrition streotypes on body fat reduction
Lichnovský, Miroslav ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Influence of nutrition stereotypes on body fat reduction Objectives: The aim of this work is to achieve a reduction in body fat through appropriate eating habits. Acquired theoretical knowledge applied to practice for six women of different age and movement regime. Inform about the procedures of this intervention. Verify the validity of theoretical knowledge in practice. Achieve the desired results. Methods Basic dietary recommendations, peer-to-peer comparisons and time aspects of food intake. Furthermore, bioimpedance measurements on the In Body 230 instrument and physical body measurements by a tape method to determine the baseline status of the examined women and to subsequently monitor their running state at specified intervals. Developing a diet for each of these women and evaluating the on-going status. Results: The result of this diploma thesis is to make changes in eating habits that will lead to the reduction of body fat. Partial results are the protocols from the continuous measurement on the In Body 230 at the Lunacor s.r.o. In Kroměříž and fitness center Fit2b s.r.o. In Prague 8 - Bohnice.. Key words: Nutrition, way of living, lifestyle, obesity, BMI, dietary, basal metabolism, nutrition ratio, nutritional habits, reduction, body weight, body fat, muscle mass, body water,...
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Nutritional assessment of extraleague handball players
Laštovička, Petr ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Matějů, Jarmila (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on nutritional assessment of extraleague handball players. The aim is to describe the importance of nutrition in sport and compare groups of professional athletes with amateurs. The thesis is divided into 2 parts. The theoretical part deals mainly with the importance of individual nutrients, the drinking regime, handball physiology and related energy metabolism. The practical part evaluates the results of the questionnaire and the four-day nutritional intake. The research team consisted of 20 extraleague handball players and 15 unprofessional athletes from the age of 18 to 29. The evaluation of the nutritional intake indicated insufficient energy intake, mainly in the form of carbohydrates. Differences were also found between two groups, when extraleague handball players compensate insufficient intake of carbohydrate by increased protein consumption, but unprofessional athletes have increased fat intake. Excessive intake of proteins and fats of animal origin was detected, which is also due to the fact that 85 % of the extraleague handball players did never consult their nutritional intake with a nutritionist. Key words: sports nutrition, handball, nutritional intake, energy intake, drinking regime
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Nutritional indicators of competitive and profesional cross-country skiers
Wűrzová, Anna ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Tuka, Vladimír (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on nutrition indicators for competitive and profesional cross-country skiers. The main aim of the thesis is to describe the importance of the sports nutrition for endurance athletes and to compare different diets for two differently capable groups of cross-country skiers. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part comprises information about the physiology of cross-country skiing, in particular the important function of metabolism and morphological characterization of the cross-country skier. Furthermore, it describes specific requirements of the endurance athlete on a diet, individual macronutrients and micronutrients and describes proper diet supplements for endurance sport. The practical part summarizes results received on the basis of evaluation of the questionnaires about the characterization of the training and respondent's four-days-menus. The research data collection involved eight profesional and eight competitive cross-country skiers from the age 20 to 32. It was established that the profesional cross-country skiers have higher training capacity and therefore higher expenditure of energy than competitive cross- country skiers. The sportsmen's menu evaluation referred to the diet differences between both groups. The recommended energy intake...
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Supplementation and nutritional strategies in artistic gymnastics
Černák, Ján ; Petr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Supplementation and nutritional strategies in artistic gymnastics Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to bring a critical view of the current state of nutrition and supplementation in gymnastics, as well as suggest ways to optimize nutrient intake and supplements in practice. Methods: For research I used primarily the database of electronic resources PubMed, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Ovid and others. Based on informations from the articles and the available literature I created this review. Results: Low energy intake, especially in gymnasts, can cause degenerative disorder to health (menstrual problems, impact on growth). This is connected with inadequate nutrient intake. The aesthetic factor and the strength to weight ratio play a major role in reducing energy intake in gymnasts. Supplements are used by approximately 58% of gymnasts, who take them to improve the performance and because of physiological demands. Keywords: energy intake, food intake, gymnastics
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The relationship between eating habbits and use of alcohol in adult obese individuals
Ambrožová, Markéta ; Čablová, Lenka (advisor) ; Reichelová, Lenka (referee)
Startings: Etiopathogenesis of obesity applies influence of many factors which are together in a variety of interactions. This bachelor paper focuses on monitoring the relationship between psychobehaviolar characteristics and alcohol use in obese adult individuals. Targets: The primary aim of the study is to analyze eating habits and behaviour. For example the number of daily food servings, regular breakfasts, total intake of energy and macronutrient, dining preferences, score of restriction, disinhibition and hunger, the level of depression in relation to alcohol consumption. The bachelor paper further focuses on identifying other possible links (influence of gender, relationships between the consumption of alcoholic drinks, preferences of certain foods etc.). Also other parameters such as reasons that the respondents considered to be the cause of their body weight increase and the maximum and minimum body weight in adulthood were monitored. Methodics: 41 women (median (lower, upper quartile)): age = 51.07 (40.43, 61.25), BMI = 37.56 (31.85, 40.48) and 10 men: age = 41.38 (36.67, 51.72), BMI = 36.87 (32.55, 40.66) were monitored. A questionnare-based research using internationally recognised questionnaires was used to conduct the research. These were: the Eating Inventory (EI), Beck Depression...
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