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Design of leg for crash test dummy
Maršálek, Petr ; Semela, Marek (referee) ; Bilík, Martin (advisor)
This thesis is devoted to the design model of the lower limbs crash test dummies. It describes how the dummy developed historically, what are currently available for crash tests, what they are made and what their future will be. The main motive of the work is to design a model of lower limb for crash tests, with emphasis on the human anatomy. The work is characterized by how the figurine is produced using the form from material Thermolyne Clear, wood as a substitute human bones and the agar substitutes such as human muscle.
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Utilization of the method Propriofoot concept in kinezioteraphy
BARTOŠOVÁ, Iva
This bachelor thesis focuses on possible engagement of Propriofoot concept? method in kineziology. Propriofoot is a balance aid which uses several types of unstable flats for therapy of leg disorder. These flats are for humans the only link between the inner environment of organism and the surface they walk on. Subsequently, the information about the quality of sole contact with the surface is collected by the so called proprioceptors, which forward the acquired information further on to the brain for processing. Theoretical part of this thesis deals with base anatomy of a leg, proprioception and Propriofoot concept? method. The aid in question is described here and so are the principles of its use. Further chapters of this part then focus on sole functions and on patology of a leg. Practical part was based on a qualitative research. The information was gained at the first meeting, when aspect and specific tests were used. Then the acquired data were entered in the introductory kineziology analysis. An integral part of the data collection was an informal introductory and final interview with the probands discussing their subjective feelings before and after the series of therapy. All data were taken again at the last meeting and afterwards compared with the first ones. The research was performed for the time span of two months on a group of four probands, men and women evenly. In the research file there were patients having different leg patology, being of different age, some of them doing sport actively, some not at all. A specific set of exercise tailored to their problem was created for each patient. All respondents were instructed about the principles of exercise on balance aid at the first therapy. Moreover, the signed agreement giving consent to the research and to the acquired data being processed for my bachelor thesis. All respondents showed slight improvement in posture and overall stability. Furthermore, thanks to the exercises, their leg-joint stability and muscle strength had increased. This thesis could be later on used as a reference material, when taking exercise with active sportsmen or people with unstable leg-joints, bad posture or even those suffering from post-traumatic problems with leg-joints. Therefore, information presented in my thesis could be suitable for physiotherapists, trainers, as well as for full-time or part-time sportsmen.
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The history of nursing work before and after the amputation of the lower limb
SVOBODOVÁ, Helena
The aim of this thesis is to map the nursing care of patients with amputated lower limb during the history. This is a theoretical bachelor thesis. Interview with people with experience in the issue were used in the thesis: a general nurse, RNDr. Vítězslav Kuželka, an anthropologist and Mgr. Šimon Krýsl, a historian. A visit to the Medical Museum and Depository in Prague was also necessary for the work. The thesis also contains photographs taken during the visits to the museum or the depository. Preserved historical sources are the most important ones for the thesis. Special literature and literature dealing with these problems nowadays, numerous specialized journals, many history as well as modern books were further important sources. Period textbook and brochures for patients with amputations formed an inseparable part of the information source. The first chapter deals with the prehistoric period. Anthropologist RNDr. Kuželka provided a lot of valuable information. Immersion of a stump into boiling water was a specific feature of nursing care in the prehistoric period. The next chapter deals with the antiquity, when amputation was applied as a punishment. Famous physician Hippocrates belonged to this period. After that a chapter about the middle ages with the strong influence of religion follows. During a visit to the National Medical Library Mgr. Krýsl gave us an interview for this bachelor thesis, in which he mentioned the instruments used for amputation in the history. The fourth chapter deals with the modern times. Jean Louis Petit (1674-1750), a French physician, who was highly regarded for the invention of the screw type tourniquet, was one of the significant persons of this period. Florence Nightingale, the lady with the lamp, meant a real breakthrough as she contributed to introduction of strict cleanliness in hospitals. The modern times also includes the period between 1953 and 1979, which is also a part of this thesis. There is a very much interesting fact that the nursing care of amputees does not much differ from the present. Mgr. Polanová adds her memories of the nursing care in 1979. Further parts of the bachelor thesis focus on the issues of the development of antisepsis and anaesthesia in the history. A chapter dealing with the phantom pain is one of the largest parts. The bachelor thesis is concluded by a chapter dedicated to the nursing care of patients with amputation of a lower limb nowadays. Conclusion This bachelor thesis focuses on the history of nursing care before and after an amputation of a lower limb. It is written chronologically from the prehistoric period up to the present, the 21st century. Each chapter of the thesis contains the trends, interesting points and innovations in the field of interest in the particular period. The whole work summarizes the development of nursing care and healthcare for the amputees. One of great conclusions of the studies of nursing care is the fact that there are periods in the history when hardly any changes were made but also periods when rapid and significant changes were introduced. This thesis also monitors the development of the profession of a general nurse in relation to the care about the amputees. The thesis may serve as a study material for general nurses and also for those who are interested in the history of the nursing care of patients with amputation of a lower limb.
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Biomechanical study of the effect of various leg length to stress skeleton
Novotný, Lukáš ; Marcián, Petr (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
The key role of this thesis deals with providing light on the influence of unequal length of limbs in particular with legs and the stress it might leave on human body parts, possibilities and ways of its reparation. As per the research conducted in the first chapter which allows to get an insight and summary about the issues and also provides information related to unequal length of lower limbs and hardships involved. The following part explains the basics of anatomy related to unequal length of legs and solution of force interaction in the hip joint. Suitable attention is dedicated to the influence of unequal leg length and equalization of unequal length legs. A separate part of the thesis is devoted to the effect of unequal lower limb on contact pressure between the femoral head and the hip joint. Computational analysis of the contact pressures using final elements method in computing software Ansys Workbench 16.2 proved a negative impact of uneven length of lower limbs to stress on the hip joint.
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Influence the stabilization of the contralateral lower limb on the accuracy of a football kick
NĚMEC, Ondřej
This thesis is focusing on the kick accuracy in football. Kick accuracy is an important aspect of the game, therefore all playes around the world are practicing it during every training session. The thesis is divided into two main sections theoretical section and practical section. In the first, theoretical section, the history of football and the locomotor moves that are omnipresent during the game are described. Additionaly, I describe the various different kicking styles and what muscles are in use during these. The anatomy of the lower limb and kineziology of the hip joint, knee joint and astragalar joint are also described in the theoretical section. In the second, practical section the method of own research was applied. Three football players (22-23 years old) from TJ Hluboka nad Vltavou were examined and tested. All participants underwent complex check-in and check-out kinesiology analysis. Anamnesis was gained through interviews. Every participant underwent the following tests: glance examination, palpation, anthropometric examination, goniometric examination, the examination of the game of the joints, the examination of the stereotypical moves, the examination of shortened muscles and functional tests. The last testing was my own football kick accuracy testing which was tested in different situations. The therapy lasted for the duration of 6 weeks, the sessions lasted for 15 minutes twice a week. A specific excercises were used with focus on stabilization of the lower limb. It contained elements of dynamic neuromuscular facillitation (DNS). The main focus of the thesis was to find out what impact have specific static stabilizations of the lower limb on the kick accuracy. As a result of the research, two participants improved their kick accuracy. Their lower limb became more stabilized and their shortened muscles stretched. This thesis can become an impulse for future research involving more participants to ensure objectivity. This thesis can be of benefit for football coaches or fyziotherapists who help players with their technique and rehabilitation.
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Possible procedures as part of physiotherapy treatment in patients with lower limb amputation
SAVVINOVÁ, Kristýna
My bachelor thesis seeks to provide an insight into the issues associated with amputation of lower extremities. Amputation is an extensive surgical intervention which removes peripheral parts of the body. The objective of the theoretical part of my thesis was to present to the general public the issues associated with the return of patients after the amputation of a lower limb back to the normal life and the objective of the practical part was to make the return easier by means of a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to the patient. The research was performed using a qualitative method, by means of case studies of two male probands who underwent an amputation of the right lower limb at the thigh. The two probands were of similar age and with the same type of amputation. The first patient was hospitalized in the hospital Nemocnice sv. Zdislavy s.r.o., Mostiště, where I was involved in early postsurgery physiotherapy. The second patient was in the therapeutic center (Hamzova odborná léčebna pro děti a dospělé), in Luže {--} Košumberk, where I concentrated on physiotherapeutic procedures suitable for a prosthetic stage of rehabilitation. I selected the two probands also in order to demonstrate that it is important not only to provide early postsurgery rehabilitation but also rehabilitation in the prosthetic stage with a subsequent continuation of autotherapy. Both the patients experienced a major improvement of their physical and mental condition; this was undoubtedly supported by the comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach throughout the entire period of the provided care. In terms of taking care of themselves, the patients are now nearly self-sufficient, which is very important for their return back to the regular life. The thesis may be further used in clinical practice of physiotherapists and medical personnel. It may also serve as an educational material for patients.
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