|
|
Defensins and autoimmunity: emerging alpha-defensin based model to study mechanisms underpinning autoimmune processes
Neuwirth, Aleš ; Filipp, Dominik (advisor) ; Černý, Jan (referee) ; Michálek, Jaroslav (referee)
The process of immune "self-nonself discrimination" is of utmost importance for the survival of all species as the biodestructive force of immune system can be directed towards the host as much as to pathogens. Thus, to shift this balance towards the latter, T cells bearing self- recognizing receptors are removed in the thymus (central tolerance) or their reactivity is harnessed through various additional mechanisms in periphery (peripheral tolerance). If the selfreactive T cells are not deleted and persist in the body, the regulation of self-tolerance can be breached, leading to the onset of autoimmunity. Presented thesis revolved around α-defensins, very effective bactericidal peptides that represent an important part of humoral innate immunity. There are two types of α-defensins: myeloid, expressed predominantly in neutrophils, and enteric, synthesized by intestinal Paneth cells. Data presented inhere are first to characterized the involvement of α-defensin- expressing cells in two types of autoimmune diseases, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (T1D) and autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED). The former relates to the identification of transcriptionally activated myeloid α-defensin- expressing eosinophils present in the thymus of diabetes prone rat. In...
|
|
|
The role of Aspirin in the prevention of Colorectal Cancer
Galas, Ron Eric ; Kment, Milan (advisor)
Non-steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs have been shown to play an important role in the chemotherapeutic prevention of Colorectal Cancer. Their mechanism in doing so has been proven as far as scientific works today allow results and an understanding of this mechanism. Without a doubt, many aspects of this drug in terms of chemotherapy tailored to the treatment of Colorectal Cancer remain to be illuminated and are subject to further investigations. Whether a cyclooxygenase inhibitor can be used as a chemopreventive agent needs to be assessed in each case individually and the whole view of a patient must be taken into account considering his overall status of health and the exclusion of the potential harm of side effects. Given the fact that these drugs provide protection of Colorectal Cancer to a certain extent, their use will most probably increase in countries where they are easily accessable.
|
|
|
Prebiotic sweetener tagatose
Jurečková, Zuzana ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Vespalcová, Milena (advisor)
This sweetener, D-tagatose, has numerous advantages, which would eventually be able to use in the food industry. It summarizes the properties of Dtagatose, physical and also chemical, the possibility of production from lactose or bacterial action on Dtalitol. The basic information about the properties of Dtagatosy also discusses the actual metabolism of Dtagatose, prebiotic properties and their effect in the gastrointestinal tract. Dtagatose is a proposed new sweetener, because the possibility can not be missed in certain applications tagatose in a different types of foods for example confectionery. And positive qualities in comparison with sucrose. This comparison is made to examples of disease associated with excessive use of conventional sweeteners sucrose. This paper also discusses possibilities Dtagatose determination in foods by different methods.
|
|
| |
|
|
Diabetes mellitus and its impact to state budget of the Czech Republic
Metelková, Kateřina ; Běláčková, Vendula (advisor) ; Marešová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis deals with quantifying the costs of treatment of disease, which is by experts described as pandemic of the 21st century, diabetes. In the Czech Republic, the costs of treatment represents more than 6 % of total health expenditures and its quantity is growing, as well as the number of patients. The main goal is to determine costs of treatment for the 1st and the 2nd type of diabetes and the post-treatment complications associated with this disease using up-to-date statistical data and methodology called Pilot analysis of pharmacoeconomic aspects of diabetes mellitus treatment. This thesis also evaluates the change in regulation announcement in the CR and the Czech Republic's approach to diabetes as an incurable disease.
|
|
| |
|
|
Population health by regions in Czech Republic
Zemanová, Ivana ; Durdisová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Mertl, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with population health. Population health is important discipline bordering with medicine, statistics and public sector economics. It is monitoring method of collection medical information in Czech Republic. It interprets selected indicator and compares them between regions of Czech Republic. It finds probable causes of differences. They we can divide into socioeconomic factors and differences caused by the system of medical statistic evidence. The thesis evaluates and generalizes factors, which influent population health.
|
|
|
Prevention of diabetes I. type and health promotion, education of diabetics and patients after pancreas transplantation
MRÁZ, Marek
The bachelor theses attend to people with diabetes mellitus Type 1 and patients after pancreas transplantation. The first chapters of theoretical part deal with pancreas anatomy, matter of disorder, its medication, belated complications, movement and nutrition connected with diabetes. The last chapter of this part is about pancreas transplantation. The practical part shows importance of education and knowledge of diabetics. It deals with life quality of diabetics who undergo pancreas transplantation. It compares their health and mental condition during diabetes, before and after pancreas transplantation.
|
|
| |
|
|
Celiakie a diabetes pohledem ekonomie
Vlk, Václav ; Džbánková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Sirůček, Pavel (referee)
Práce se snaží poukázat na to, jaké náklady na dietní stravování musejí vynakládat bezlepkáři a diabetici a že vznikají i dodatečné náklady, které přímo s těmito nemocemi souvisí. Dále se snaží zjistit, jestli mají tito lidé právo získat nějaké příspěvky od státu, řešena je sociální i zdravotní sféra této oblasti. Výsledkem je porovnání stravovacích nákladů celiaků a diabetiků s náklady zdravých lidí.
|
guest ::
