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Development of demographic ageing in Italy and Spain
Illáš, Matej ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
Development of demographic ageing in Italy and Spain Abstract This paper aims to describe and compare the process of demographic ageing and its components in Italy and Spain from 1960 to the present day. Demographic ageing is analyzed in the paper mainly through the share of the population over 65 years old, the old-age dependency ratio, and the median age. The main data source for this work is the Eurostat database. At the beginning of the observed period, Italy had only marginally higher values of demographic ageing indicators. However, during the observed interval, when both countries aged significantly, a much more significant difference was created between the countries. According to population projections, this difference should probably decrease by 2050, but both countries are expected to continue ageing. Keywords: demographic ageing, population ageing, age structure, Italy, Spain Character count (without spaces): 77 884
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Application of prospective indicators of demographic ageing at the district level in Czechia
Čábela, Filip ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (referee)
Application of prospective indicators of demographic ageing at the district level in Czechia Abstract The objective of this study is to analyze differences in the level of demographic ageing using prospective indicators at the LAU 1 level of the regions (districts) of Czechia in the periods 2006-2010, 2015-2019 and 2017-2021. The second objective is to compare the results of the analysis of prospective indicators with the results of a retrospective approach and to compare the differences between individual periods. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be stated that the districts Praha-západ and Praha-východ are among the youngest LAU 1 regions in Czechia. The most affected by demographic aging are the districts of the Ústecký kraj (e.g. Most, Teplice), as well as the districts Bruntál, Jeseník and Sokolov. For almost all LAU 1 regions, the values of prospective indicators increased between individual periods (with the exception of constant prospective age). The highest differences between the values of prospective and retrospective indicators are achieved by the districts in the period 2015-2019. The values of the indicators of both approaches are most similar in the districts of the Ústecký kraj, and differ the most in "urban" districts. The effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the values of...
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Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia
Brázová, Kateřina
Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia Abstract This work focuses on finding connections and monitoring differences in the area of take-up, provision, and availability of the selected health services in Czechia, especially from a geodemographic point of view. The main goal is to describe and evaluate the influence of basic demographic aspects, age and sex, on take-up, provision, and availability of health services, and also to clarify regional differences. This issue has so far been studied relatively limited in the Czech environment. The work mainly concerns the segment of outpatient care, which is an irreplaceable component of the healthcare system, namely specializations of general practice, outpatient diabetology, cardiology, and psychiatry. Particularly data from the General Health Insurance Company of the Czech Republic (VZP ČR) were used, which contained detailed anonymised information on take-up, provision and availability of health services. Based on these data, methods of a quantitative character were applied. The findings confirm global trends and also offer new insights for further examination of the issue. Keywords: health services, physicians, patients, age structure, demographic ageing, regional differences, Czechia
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Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia
Brázová, Kateřina ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Lustigová, Michala (referee) ; Býma, Svatopluk (referee)
Geodemographic aspects of the take-up, provision, and availability of the selected healthcare services in Czechia Abstract This work focuses on finding connections and monitoring differences in the area of take-up, provision, and availability of the selected health services in Czechia, especially from a geodemographic point of view. The main goal is to describe and evaluate the influence of basic demographic aspects, age and sex, on take-up, provision, and availability of health services, and also to clarify regional differences. This issue has so far been studied relatively limited in the Czech environment. The work mainly concerns the segment of outpatient care, which is an irreplaceable component of the healthcare system, namely specializations of general practice, outpatient diabetology, cardiology, and psychiatry. Particularly data from the General Health Insurance Company of the Czech Republic (VZP ČR) were used, which contained detailed anonymised information on take-up, provision and availability of health services. Based on these data, methods of a quantitative character were applied. The findings confirm global trends and also offer new insights for further examination of the issue. Keywords: health services, physicians, patients, age structure, demographic ageing, regional differences, Czechia
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Availability of health and social services in the context of demographic ageing - South Bohemian Region
MÁTLOVÁ, Kristýna
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the evaluation of health and social care availability according to the demographic ageing in the South Bohemia region. Theoretical part of this work defines basic information such as how services are divided, what is their purpose, for whom they are intended, what are their forms, or what impact demographic ageing has on services but also on seniors themselves. The first thing that was examined in the practical part was the opinion of involved parties. They evaluated the current and the future state of services. The work also deals with the situation in the South Bohemia specifically in individual administrative areas of municipalities with extended powers. Two perspectives were carried out, namely in 2025 and 2035. They analyzed how the number and age composition of the population in the South Bohemia will change as well as the need for services. The data are based on the base year 2015. It also describes the capacity and space availability of services. In capacity availability is examined the number of beds or the number of doctors converted to seniors. In spatial analysis is examined the distance between client/patient and the service/doctor. The conclusion is dedicated to summary of findings and proposals for changes especially in terms of service capacity.
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Residential satisfaction of seniors in selected housing estates in Prague
Slezáková, Alena ; Temelová, Jana (advisor) ; Šiftová, Jana (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to evaluate and compare the residential satisfaction of seniors aged 65 plus in three housing estates in Prague - Invalidovna, Háje and Nové Butovice, among other aspects differentiated by the date of development. The research undertaken at the turn of May and June 2011 using the method of a semi-structured interview endeavours to uncover seniors' satisfaction in several areas - basic stores and services, leisure time activities, social relationships, transport and mobility, public spaces and green areas, housing, security. In addition, the residential stability of seniors and overall residential satisfaction are assessed.
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The Dynamics of World Population Ageing
Bošková, Mariana ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
The dynamics of the world population ageing Abstract This thesis aims to evaluate the evolution of population ageing in the world. This subject is a current issue nowadays and will probably be in the future for many countries in the world. The evaluation of the population ageing is analysed through five indicators: old age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, total fertility rate, life expectancy at birth, and median age. Even though attention is mostly paid to the years 1950, 2015 and 2050, the thesis contains the growth index of all the used indicators as well. It shows the development over this hundred-year time horizon. While the population ageing has taken place mostly in economically developed countries in the past, this trend will most likely continue to be most pronounced in the fastest developing countries of Eastern and South-Eastern Asia in the future, with faster dynamics. Key words: demographic ageing, world, old age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, total fertility rate, life expectancy at birth, median age
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Development of population age structure in Litoměřice in postsocialist period
Jančura, Václav ; Pospíšilová, Lucie (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
In the socialist era, the historical centre and the inner city of Litoměřice were neglected. The development of the town was focused on the development of blocks of flats, which provided facilities especially for young families with small children. In 1989, the socialist regime collapsed in Czechoslovakia, which led to the democratization of the Litoměřice society. Socialist blocks of flats lost their attractiveness of housing. The youngest parts of the city became rapidly ageing. On the other hand, the neglected historical centre and also the inner city of Litoměřice underwent the process of revitalization after 1989. Newly reconstructed apartments became places for life of many young people, thus the process of demographic ageing of these parts of the city has been slowed down. The spatially differentiated age structure of the Litoměřice population has changed since 1989 due to the process of the second demographic transition, demographic ageing and new urban processes. The aim of the thesis is therefore to describe and explain the evolution of the age structure of Litoměřice and its spatial differentiation in post-socialist period. Keywords: age structure, second demographic transition, demographic ageing, revitalization, postsocialist period, Litoměřice
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Development of the active aging concept in the Czech Republic in 2000-2016
Sluková, Kristýna ; Angelovská, Olga (advisor) ; Čampulková, Jitka (referee)
Active aging is a frequently discussed issue in recent years due to the demographic aging of the population. The aim of this thesis is to map the development of the concept of active aging from its origin to the present (2000-2016). To meet the objectives there were done expert interviews and analysis of strategic documents and national action plans issued in a defined period. This thesis focuses on the development of the concept of active aging, specifically in the areas of education, employment, healthy aging and personal development. It turns out that the most important area of active aging is education that significantly affects other areas such as interest activities, longer working lives, engaging in social and cultural activities. Implementation of the concept of active aging takes place at several levels, at social level, at an individual level, or interconnection of these levels (multidimensional concept). The work is therefore focused on examining whether the concept of active aging in the Czech Republic is perceived rather as a tool for improving the quality of life of the senior, or whether it can be used as a tool to mitigate the effects of demographic aging. The work also shows that the development of active aging also affects how seniors are perceived in society (among other things)....
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Long-Term Care for the elderly in the Czech Republic and European countries in the context of demographic ageing
Nerušilová, Hana ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee)
Long-Term Care for the Elderly in the Czech Republic and European countries in the context of demographic ageing Abstract Long-term care refers to the range of services required by persons suffering from a reduced degree of functional capacity and who are dependent on help with activities of daily living. These services include personal care as well as medical and social services. LTC could be provided either in institutional settings or at home - by informal (upaid) or formal providers. European Union has declared that LTC represents one of the main challenges connected with the current demographic changes. The main aim of this thesis is to provide a picture of LTC providing across European countries. Special attention was placed on ensuring care for the elderly in Czechia, where ambiguities about responsibilities (which are divided between The Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs and and The Ministry of Health), financing or even defining the content of this care have recently become quite frequent subjects of public debates. Keywords: demographic ageing, long-term care, health and social services, home care, Czechia, international comparison
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