|
|
Population development in Sweden since 1960
Nováková, Iveta ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Population development in Sweden since 1960 Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the population development in Sweden between 1960 and 2018. The main goal of this work is to evaluate in the context of selected demographic characteristics the course of demographic changes that appeared in the country after 1960. The result is changes in the level of demographic reproduction, which are referred to as the second demographic transition. From the 1960s to the present, Sweden has seen an increase in the average age at first marriage, an increase in the average age of the mother giving birth and an increase in the number of divorces. During the observed period, the Swedish population aged, the share of the pre-productive component of the population decreased, while the share of the post-productive component in the population increased. The development of total fertility in Sweden is often compared to a roller coaster due to its specific fluctuation. From 1960 to 2018, Sweden saw a decline in mortality rates, especially in the older age groups and up to one year of age, which was reflected in the values of life expectancy at birth that grew for both men and women. Sweden is inspiring for other European countries with its gender-neutral family and social policy. Keywords: population development, Sweden, second...
|
|
|
Social Policy Failure in Relation to Long-Term Care for the Elderly in Residential Facilities in the Czech Republic
Mrázková, Jana ; Angelovská, Olga (advisor) ; Dobiášová, Karolína (referee)
The need for all-day care for the elderly will be increasing, taking into consideration the future demographic development of the population. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to identify obstacles that impede the development of residential social care services for seniors in the Czech Republic which provide long-term care. There is an unsatisfied demand for them in the Czech environment lasting for many years. The thesis also focuses on detecting the systemic problems of long-term care policy in the Czech Republic and outlines possible recommendations or solutions for the future. The conceptual and theoretical framework of the thesis consists of a description of the concept of deinstitutionalization from the perspective of the theory of institutional change, a description of the concept of long-term care and typology of long-term care systems. The thematic analysis of the transcriptions of expert interviews and secondary documents tended to meet the research aims. The basic findings from the practical part of the work illustrate that the current system of long-term care for the elderly in the Czech Republic is inconvenient and requires several changes. Particularly alarming are the vaguely defined structure of users of residential services and the vague definition of an entitled senior...
|
|
|
The Dynamics of World Population Ageing
Bošková, Mariana ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
The dynamics of the world population ageing Abstract This thesis aims to evaluate the evolution of population ageing in the world. This subject is a current issue nowadays and will probably be in the future for many countries in the world. The evaluation of the population ageing is analysed through five indicators: old age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, total fertility rate, life expectancy at birth, and median age. Even though attention is mostly paid to the years 1950, 2015 and 2050, the thesis contains the growth index of all the used indicators as well. It shows the development over this hundred-year time horizon. While the population ageing has taken place mostly in economically developed countries in the past, this trend will most likely continue to be most pronounced in the fastest developing countries of Eastern and South-Eastern Asia in the future, with faster dynamics. Key words: demographic ageing, world, old age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, total fertility rate, life expectancy at birth, median age
|
|
|
Development of population age structure in Litoměřice in postsocialist period
Jančura, Václav ; Pospíšilová, Lucie (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
In the socialist era, the historical centre and the inner city of Litoměřice were neglected. The development of the town was focused on the development of blocks of flats, which provided facilities especially for young families with small children. In 1989, the socialist regime collapsed in Czechoslovakia, which led to the democratization of the Litoměřice society. Socialist blocks of flats lost their attractiveness of housing. The youngest parts of the city became rapidly ageing. On the other hand, the neglected historical centre and also the inner city of Litoměřice underwent the process of revitalization after 1989. Newly reconstructed apartments became places for life of many young people, thus the process of demographic ageing of these parts of the city has been slowed down. The spatially differentiated age structure of the Litoměřice population has changed since 1989 due to the process of the second demographic transition, demographic ageing and new urban processes. The aim of the thesis is therefore to describe and explain the evolution of the age structure of Litoměřice and its spatial differentiation in post-socialist period. Keywords: age structure, second demographic transition, demographic ageing, revitalization, postsocialist period, Litoměřice
|
|
|
The Dynamics of World Population Ageing
Bošková, Mariana ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
The dynamics of the world population aging Abstract This bachelor thesis "Dynamics of Population Aging in the World" aims to evaluate the evolution of current trends of demographic aging in the world. The impact of population aging is analyzed through five indicators: old age dependency ratio, total dependency ratio, total fertility rate, life expectancy at birth, and median age. The countries with the highest and smallest values of these indicators are displayed. Furthermore, the most homogeneous and most heterogeneous regions are researching using the standard deviation of the values of used indicators. The countries with the largest and smallest differences in the values of the used indicators between 1950-2015 and 2015-2050 are also displayed. The most dynamic aging of the population will, according to forecasts, occur till 2050 in Eastern and Southeast Asia. These regions are most likely to hold world leadership in both age and median age levels. Throughout the reporting period, Africa will most likely be the youngest continent in the world. Key words: demographic aging, population development, world
|
|
|
Demographic aging and its economic consequences in EU
MATTAR, Roni
This bachelor thesis contains information about demographic aging in EU countries and its economic impacts. The theoretical part describes the basic concepts of demography, population development and the current situation across the EU. The thesis contains the information from the official Eurostat website and contains data of the demographic aging for the EU countries for the period 1997-2017 and the forecast for 2050-2080. The final part of the thesis gives an answer to the hypotheses about the economic structure and the pension system.
|
|
|
Development of the active aging concept in the Czech Republic in 2000-2016
Sluková, Kristýna ; Angelovská, Olga (advisor) ; Čampulková, Jitka (referee)
Active aging is a frequently discussed issue in recent years due to the demographic aging of the population. The aim of this thesis is to map the development of the concept of active aging from its origin to the present (2000-2016). To meet the objectives there were done expert interviews and analysis of strategic documents and national action plans issued in a defined period. This thesis focuses on the development of the concept of active aging, specifically in the areas of education, employment, healthy aging and personal development. It turns out that the most important area of active aging is education that significantly affects other areas such as interest activities, longer working lives, engaging in social and cultural activities. Implementation of the concept of active aging takes place at several levels, at social level, at an individual level, or interconnection of these levels (multidimensional concept). The work is therefore focused on examining whether the concept of active aging in the Czech Republic is perceived rather as a tool for improving the quality of life of the senior, or whether it can be used as a tool to mitigate the effects of demographic aging. The work also shows that the development of active aging also affects how seniors are perceived in society (among other things)....
|
|
|
Sociální služby na venkově v jihozápadním zázemí Brna
Polívka, Petr
The thesis on "Social services in rural southwestern hinterland of Brno" describes the issue of social services (health, education and social care) in rural areas. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes the basic social concepts, discusses the allocation, availability and deployment of social services, demographic aging, rural and urban schools. The theoretical part uses Czech and foreign literature, relevant data from the Czech Statistical Office, the Regional Information Service and others. In the practical part was conducted demographic analysis examined the segment of territory between Modřice and Rosice. They were identified and inventoried existing social services in various towns and villages. A created age pyramid confirms that the Czech population gets older. The research carried out shows that the current capacity of kindergartens, elementary schools and social facilities is insufficient.
|
|
|
Demographic ageing and the city: seniors in Karlín
Kubíček, Ondřej ; Matoušek, Roman (advisor) ; Galčanová, Lucie (referee)
The following thesis addresses the process of growing old in an urban environment. It concentrates on the factors, which infulence the quality of senior citizens' lives and how they do it. The main focus is put on the city disticts that are subject to dynamic changes caused by the processes of post-socialist transformations, revitalization and gentrification. The thesis explores the problems but also the benefits, which these changes can bring to elderly citizens' every day lives. Looking for the answers to these questions is based on the case study of a city district in Prague - Karlín. The qualitative research have been done by semistructured interviews with local senior citizens. It has shown possible perception of some aspects of environment of Karlin and changes of this environment.
|
|
|
Demographic aging housing estate in Prague
Vávra, Michal ; Pospíšilová, Lucie (advisor) ; Ježek, Jiří (referee)
This thesis examines demographic aging of housing estate in Prague and residential satisfaction of seniors. In the theoretical part the issue of demographic aging, residential satisfaction and residential stability is elaborated summary of the basis of literature. Empirical part is based on two research methods, which are the data analysis of the age structure of the population census and interviews with seniors living in the housing estate Nové Ďáblice. Two approaches were defined to work with the data, the first one compared the type of settlement development with other parts of Prague, in the second one there were defined individual settlement files with a population of more than 15 000. Carried out the research, it was found that the age structure is equalize and the current demographic situation in the settlements is determined by the period of construction of the housing estate file. Generally speaking, the earlier the settlement was established, the older population it has. In parts focused on the quality of life of older people on the estate were determined using semi-structured interviews satisfaction with the physical environment, social relationships, housing, public spaces, public facilities and services, transportation and security. In addition, it assessed the stability of residential...
|
guest ::
