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Liberal Critique and Reforms of Welfare State - The Case of Chile's Pension Reform
Žídek, Bohumír ; Angelovská, Olga (advisor) ; Potůček, Martin (referee)
My master thesis explores classical liberal attitudes towards the Welfare State. It deals especially with concepts developed by the so-called new classical liberals (also called neoclassical liberals) represented by scholars of the Arizona School. I use their ideas to reconstruct free-market liberal theory of social justice, which is then applied to pension reforms in Chile and Sweden. The thesis also recollects critiques of public pension systems by public choice theory scholars, which are then used to explore a nature of the aforementioned pension reforms. In cases of both reforms, these theoretical frameworks are used to evaluate data obtained by a desk research. Relevant documents and also data of international organizations and national statistical offices were used. In its last part, the thesis evaluates primary data obtained by semi-standardized interviews with seven Czech classical liberals and explores their attitudes towards both the free market liberal theory of social justice and pension reforms in Chile and in Sweden. Abstrakt Diplomová práce zkoumá vztah klasického liberalismu k sociálnímu státu. Zabývá se zejména koncepty vyvinutými takzvanými novými klasickými liberály reprezentovanými především badateli arizonské školy. Jejich ideje využívám k rekonstrukci tržně liberální teorie...
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The Analysis of the Pension Systems and Pension Reforms and their Possible Applications in the CR
Hrdý, Milan ; Štefko, Martin (advisor) ; Bělina, Miroslav (referee)
The submitted thesis deals with the analysis of pension systems with possible application of acquired knowledge on the conditions of the Czech Republic. Theoretically, the work is based on analysis of pension insurance and pension systems, as well as on the analysis of possible ways of implementation of pension reforms. From a practical point of view pension systems and reforms in selected countries are analyzed. These theoretical and practical bases are subsequently used for a comprehensive analysis of the pension system in the Czech Republic, including an analysis yet undertaken pension reforms. The knowledge gained is then synthesized into the appropriate conclusions and some concrete suggestions are made for specific adjustments to the system in the future. The pension system in the Czech Republic is a modern pension scheme which includes elements of solidarity and merit and excluding state pay system enables the system of additional forms of security under the third pillar of the pension system. Problems occur in conformity political representation on systemic changes in the pension system which had a negative impact in the initial implementation and subsequent cancellation of the second pension pillar. For the future, it is recommended primarily to use the Pan-European pension system with the...
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Age financed by the benefits from pension pillars
Hübner, Ondřej ; Radová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Brodani, Jana (referee)
In diploma thesis titled Age financed by benefits from pension pillars, is a reader first of all informed about a classification of various pension systems. In the following text is described pension system of the Czech Republic in many details, which forms two pillars in present time. According to the description of the Czech pension system, is also explained demographic situation from historical and future context. Very important is also considered explanation and description of pension systems in other countries, which is based on OECD report from 2015. In practical part is a used methodic of Melbourne Mercer Global Pension index. The evaluation of pension systems is very detailed in selected countries except Czech Republic. The index methodology is applied on Czechs pension system in last part of the diploma thesis. Final index evaluation is used for the proposal improvement of pension system.
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Odlišnosti důchodových systémů zemí EU
Krejčí, Jan ; Bič, Josef (advisor) ; Němcová, Ingeborg (referee)
This thesis focuses on the issue of European pension systems from a standpoint of their structure and sustainability in view of ageing of the population. The structure of systems is examined through pension models which embody combinations of financing (pay-as-you-go or capital funded) and pension calculation (defined contribution or defined benefit). The main object is to reveal how much are the European pension systems threatened by ageing of the population and sort them out according to this discovery. The risk rate is calculated as a ratio of the difference between expense rate on public pension pillars in 2012 and 2060 to the difference between dependency ratio in the same interval. The final figure shows the percentage of relative expenses per capita in 2060 compared to the base year of 2012. The main object is carried out by dividing the studied states into three groups. According to thesis' results, the most endangered state is Poland with a value of 28 % while the least endangered state is Luxembourg with a value of 110 % or relative expenses per capita compared to the base year of 2012.
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Důchodové systémy v zemích Visegrádské čtyřky
Vítková, Petra
Pension systems and their financial sustainability in the last few decades are frequently discussed topic. Many evaluate existing PAYG systems as financially unsustainable. They come up with pension reforms solutions like introduction of a three-pillar system. This thesis deals with the analysis of pension systems of the Visegrad Group. This group is composed of Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. Application of Aaron's rule is measured by return on different types of pension schemes. Then, ongoing financial sustainability of pension systems in the V4 countries is evaluated. The final assessment of financial sustainability is directed to the situation in the Czech Republic according to the results of the carried out analyzes of the entire group of Visegrad.
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The role of the private sector in pension system of Czech Republic
Farbiak, Marek ; Krebs, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Prachař, Ondřej (referee)
The main aim of the thesis is to give comprehensive overview on the issue of pension reform in order to clarify, with political-economic and socio-economic context, the position and role of the private sector in pension system of Czech Republic and evaluate whether it is sufficient form of security for old age. The thesis analyzed trends, with specific meaning and influence of the social situation in the EU. There was made the description of pension system of Chile, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Lithuania, USA, France and Germany. The thesis also analyzed the pre-reform and after-reform pension system in Czech Republic. The last chapter was dedicated to a case study focusing on the simulation with respect of different age and income of various persons. The conclusion showed partial opt-out preference for younger people with long term savings, or older people with income at least above 40.000,-CZK. It also proved benefits of additional savings, especially with state aid, tax relief and employer contribution. The thesis proved the fact that private sector is able to provide the security for old age people only with sufficiently high income, sufficiently long period of savings and also only with personal responsibility of every person alone. In all other cases the savings in private sector must be comprehend as an additional saving and not as an adequate substitute for state pension.
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