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Development of Communicative Competence in an Elementary School Pupil
Žemlová, Tereza ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Babušová, Gabriela (referee)
The focus of this thesis is to explore the development of communicative competence in an elementary school pupil. The research aims to analyse the specific areas of lexical and grammatical competence development in this pupil. The theoretical part of the research defines key terms related to communication. Moreover, it is focused on childrens' speech with the emphasis on the acquisition of specific means of communication that constitute the communicative competence. It also mentions various speech disorders which may follow the linguistic phenomenon of ontogenesis. It introduces several methods which can be used to analyse the child's speech level. The focus of the research is the vocabulary diversity of an elementary pupil (2nd grade student), calculated using the Type-Token ratio (TTR). The research also focuses on the complexity of syntax structures, represented by the number of simple and more complicated sentences in a speech. Data were collected by recording non- scripted interviews over a 6-month period. Three interviews were spontaneous, while the remaining three were centred around a specific topic. In the latter interviews, the subject had the option to prepare for the interview and fill in a given worksheet, allowing for a more structured speech. The interviews were transcribed according...
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Speech acquisition in multilingual environment
SVOBODOVÁ, Sandra
The main focus of this diploma thesis is on speech acquisition in multilingual environment. The introduction part focuses mainly on the definition of basic concepts such as bilingualism and multilingualism, also mentions the types, advantages and disadvantages of these phenomena, as well as the principles of bilingual upbringing. Subsequently, the development of speech of monolingual individuals and its differentiation from multilingual ones is described. The empirical part contains a qualitative analysis of some families living in the Czech Republic. The aim of the diploma thesis is to assess the influence of a multilingual environment on speech acquisition through analysing families where Spanish is one of the languages in multilingual upbringing.
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Communication of Preschool Children - the Analysis of Communication Functions and Expressions
Nováková, Barbora ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Janečka, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with communication of preschool children, in particular with analysis of communication functions of utterance. The aim of the research is to find out which types of communication functions preschool children mainly use. The theoretical part describes communication skills, language levels or ontogenesis of speech development. However, the key is to introduce the issue of each type of the communication utterance functions. The practical part is focused on the analysis of six audio recordings which have 30 minutes each. Within the recording with a voice recorder, dialogues among three research subjects were recorded. The dialogues were later on transcribed through the CHAT transcription method. Afterwards, types of the communication utterance functions were determined. The results of the qualitative research found out that the subjects primarily used the assertive, permissive or concessive functions (furthermore interrogative, directive, expressive and satisfactory function). All of these communication functions of utterance were stated directly. KEYWORDS communication competence, children's speech, communication function of utterance, preschool child, acquisition of the Czech language, dialogue
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Expression of Communicative Intentions (Early Child Speech)
Uhlířová, Markéta ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Filippová, Eva (referee)
The thesis presents a pragmatic analysis focused on the repertoire of communicative intents in the speech of a child from the 23rd to the 29th month of its life. The work is based on a case study of one child. The theoretical part of the work in chapters 1-3 is based on the study of literature, especially the literature of communication intentions, pragmatic functions and their expression and relevant literature of language and communication of 2 years old children. Before the start of recording we have obtained informed consent from the parents of a child whose communication were analysed. Basic material for the analysis are the video recordings of family communication of the child in various situations, the material was supplemented by observations and interviews with parents. Video recordings are transcribed according to the principles of CHAT (corpus CHILDES) and then (in chapters 4 and 5) is analysed in terms of recorded communication situations and communicative intents expressed by a child. The results of our work we compare with the results in existing literature.
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Time and Space in Written Production of Children
Švarcová, Hana ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Synková, Pavlína (referee)
This thesis deals with time and space expresion in written composition of 5th and 9th grade students. The thesis is dividend in two parts. First on eis focused on teoretici knowledge of naratology, development psychology and research of language acqusition regarding upper primary school students. Written compositions of 5th and 9th grade students are analyzed in sekond (practical) part according to knowledge described in first part of this thesis. Areas of interest are koherence of expresion, time, space and charakter describing. In closing of this part is comparison between both age Gross. In conclusion you can find proposals for school edication improvng according to results of students works analysis.
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Communication of Twins in Various Communicative Situations
Šullová, Zuzana ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Šebesta, Karel (referee)
The thesis presents a pragmatic analysis focused on the communication of twins from the 35th to the 37th month of their life in different communicative situations. The paper is based on a case study of twins. The theoretical part of the thesis is based on texts on language acquisition and communication of 3-year-old children and acquisition of pragmatics. The material for the analysis comprises of audiovisual recordings made with informed consent from the parents of the twins who were further supplemented by information obtained through parental questionnaires and interviews with the parents. Video recordings are transcribed according to the principles of CHAT of CHILDES corpus. The material is analyzed in terms of means that the children use to express communication plans. The results of the analysis are compared with the results from the theoretical part. Keywords Child speech, child language, communication, twins
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Acquisition of Nominal Categories by the Child
Mikulcová, Kateřina ; Chejnová, Pavla (advisor) ; Hájková, Eva (referee)
This (bachelor's) thesis deals with the subject of child language acquisition and also presents own partial research in this area. The first part describes the theoretical and historical background of findings about this issue and describes the various conceptions and factors that influence or determine the acquisition of child speech. It introduces the ontogenetic developement of speech and also all the consequential phases of the child speech aquisition. It mentions contemporary approaches that are more and more complex and it follows the results of previous researches in the Czech and Slovak environment. It also mentions the importance of pre-school education which is focused on the acquisition of the (key) communication competencies. The second part of this study is based on the research. This research is focused on the process of acquisition of noun grammatical categories by a particular Czech speaking child. It describes an oral production of the child between the ages of 2.9 to 3.2. It includes a detailed description of the methodology and data obtaining within observation of the dialogue between the child and his mother. The research operates with the authentic material (authentic audio recordings of the dialogues) and provides detailed quantitative analysis which monitores gradual...
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